BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factors in patients with acute cerebral disease,and always leads to stroke or get it worse.There is often a high level of blood glucose in those patients with diabetes m...BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factors in patients with acute cerebral disease,and always leads to stroke or get it worse.There is often a high level of blood glucose in those patients with diabetes mellitus and cerebral disease,but it is hard to distinguish from both kinds of hyperglycemia.Serum fructosamine is said to be correlated with blood glucose.OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.DESIGN:A case-controlled study.SETTINGS:Department of Clinical Laboratory,Health Department for Cadres and Department of Neurology of Affiliated Hospital,Qingdao University Medical College.PARTICIPANTS:Forty-eight inpatients and outpatients with cerebrovascular diseases were selected from the Department of Neurology,Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College from December 2004 to April 2005.All the patients were confirmed with CT and MRI.There were 25 patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases,who met the diagnostic standards of diabetes mellitus set by WHO,including 12 males and 13 females with an average of(60±8)years old,the course of diabetes mellitus ranged from 1 to 21 years..The other 23 patients had no diabetes mellitus(without diabetes mellitus group),including 14 males and 9 females with an average of(62±6)years old.Meanwhile,another 50 healthy physical examinees in the hospital were selected as control group,including 26 males and 24 females with the average age of(62±5)years old.Informed content was obtained from all the participants.METHODS:Venous blood was drawn from all the participants,and content of blood glucose was assayed by means of glucose oxidase,and the concentration of serum fructosamine was determined by nitroblue tetrazolium colorimetric method.Comparison between groups was performed by the analysis of variance and q test,and the correlation was tested by linear regression analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Comparison of blood glucose and serum fructosamine among the groups;②Correlation between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases and those without diabetes mellitus.RESULTS:All the 48 patients with cerebrovascular disease and 50 healthy subjects were involved in the analysis of results.①Contents of blood glucose and serum fructosamine:There were obvious differences in the contents of blood glucose and serum fructosamine among the diabetes mellitus group,without diabetes mellitus group and control group(F=577.7,115.1,P<0.01).The content of serum fructosamine in the diabetes mellitus group[(4.25±1.35)mmol/L]was obviously higher than those in the control group and without diabetes mellitus group[(1.65±0.27),(1.96±0.25)mmol/L,q=1.47,1.30,P<0.01],whereas there was no significant difference between the without diabetes mellitus group and control group(P>0.05).The content of blood glucose was obviously higher in the patients with and without diabetes mellitus groups[(15.80±2.13),(9.50±1.78)mmol/L]than in the control group[(4.56±0.77)mmol/L,q=1.86,2.46,P<0.01],also markedly higher in the with diabetes mellitus group than in the without diabetes mellitus group(q=1.42,P<0.01).②Results of correlation analysis:The content of serum fructosamine was positively correlated with the level of fasting blood glucose in the patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases(r=0.603,P<0.01).But there was no relationship between serum fructosamine and fasting blood glucose in the patients without diabetes mellitus(r=0.357,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The contents of blood glucose and serum fructosamine were obviously different among the diabetes mellitus group,without diabetes mellitus group and control group.There are closer relations between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebral disorders,which are not observed in the patients without diabetes mellitus.Fructosamine is significant in differentiating the reasons for the increased blood glucose in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of leflunomide combined with losartan potassium therapy on renal function and glomerular podocyte injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods:A total of 82 patients with diabetic...Objective:To study the effect of leflunomide combined with losartan potassium therapy on renal function and glomerular podocyte injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods:A total of 82 patients with diabetic nephropathy (CKDIIIa, IIIb stage) who were treated in our hospital between June 2013 and May 2016 were selected as the research subjects, random number table was used to divide them into leflunomide (LEF) group and control group who received leflunomide combined with losartan potassium therapy and losartan potassium monotherapy respectively. Before treatment and 8 weeks after treatment, serum contents of renal function indexes, RAAS molecules and inflammatory factors as well as urine contents of podocyte damage proteins were determined.Results:8 weeks after treatment, serum Scr, BUN, CysC, PRA, AT-II, ALD, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α contents, urine ACR levels as well as podocalyxin, nephrin, CA2AP and podocin contents of both groups of patients were significantly lower than those before treatment, and serum Scr, BUN, CysC, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α contents, urine ACR level as well as podocalyxin, nephrin, CA2AP and podocin contents of LEF group were significantly lower than those of control group, serum PRA, AT-II, ALD contents had no significant difference with control group.Conclusion:Leflunomide combined with losartan potassium therapy can improve the renal function of patients with diabetic nephropathy, and inhibit the inflammatory response injury to glomerular podocyte.展开更多
Objective:To study the renal function, peroxidation damage and inflammatory injury after epalrestat combined with alprostadil treatment of early diabetic nephropathy.Methods:90 patients with early diabetic nephropathy...Objective:To study the renal function, peroxidation damage and inflammatory injury after epalrestat combined with alprostadil treatment of early diabetic nephropathy.Methods:90 patients with early diabetic nephropathy treated in our hospital between June 2011 and November 2015 were collected and divided into observation group and control group (n=45) according to the single-blind randomized control method. Observation group received epalrestat combined with alprostadil treatment, control group received alprostadil treatment alone, and the treatment of both groups lasted for 3 months. Before treatment and after 3 months of treatment, turbidimetric immunoassay was used to detect the renal function indexes in peripheral blood, rate method was used to detect the renal function indexes in urine, and ELISA method was used to detect the levels of peroxidation indexes and inflammation indexes.Results:Before treatment, differences in renal function, peroxidation damage and inflammatory damage indexes were not statistically significant between two groups of patients (P>0.05). After 3 months of treatment, creatinine (Scr), cystatin C (CysC),β2 microglobulin (β2-MG), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), reactive oxygen species (ROS), advanced protein oxidation products (AOPPs), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-27 (IL-27) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels of observation group were lower than those of control group while catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (TSOD), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels were higher than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusions:Epalrestat combined with alprostadil can protect the renal function and inhibit the peroxidation damage and inflammatory injury in patients with early diabetic nephropathy.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of depression on renal function as well as oxidative stress and inflammatory response in patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods:Patients with type 2 diabetes alone, patients with diab...Objective:To study the effect of depression on renal function as well as oxidative stress and inflammatory response in patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods:Patients with type 2 diabetes alone, patients with diabetic nephropathy and patients with diabetic nephropathy and depression treated in our hospital between May 2014 and September 2016 were selected as the research subjects and included in simple diabetes group, diabetic nephropathy group and complicated depression group, and the renal function indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory response indexes were detected.Results: Scr, BUN, CysC, ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and TNF-α levels in serum as well as MA and A1M levels in urine of complicated depression group and diabetic nephropathy group were significantly higher than those of simple diabetes group while serum Mn-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and T-AOC levels were significantly lower than those of simple diabetes group;Scr, BUN, CysC, ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and TNF-α levels in serum as well as MA and A1M levels in urine of complicated depression group were significantly higher than those of diabetic nephropathy group while serum Mn-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and T-AOC levels were significantly lower than those of diabetic nephropathy group. HAMD score was positively correlated with Scr, BUN, CysC, ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, ICAM-1 and TNF-α levels in serum as well as MA and A1M levels in urine, and negatively correlated with Mn-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and T-AOC levels in serum.Conclusion: Depression in patients with diabetic nephropathy can aggravate the renal injury and increase oxidative stress and inflammatory response.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factors in patients with acute cerebral disease,and always leads to stroke or get it worse.There is often a high level of blood glucose in those patients with diabetes mellitus and cerebral disease,but it is hard to distinguish from both kinds of hyperglycemia.Serum fructosamine is said to be correlated with blood glucose.OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.DESIGN:A case-controlled study.SETTINGS:Department of Clinical Laboratory,Health Department for Cadres and Department of Neurology of Affiliated Hospital,Qingdao University Medical College.PARTICIPANTS:Forty-eight inpatients and outpatients with cerebrovascular diseases were selected from the Department of Neurology,Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College from December 2004 to April 2005.All the patients were confirmed with CT and MRI.There were 25 patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases,who met the diagnostic standards of diabetes mellitus set by WHO,including 12 males and 13 females with an average of(60±8)years old,the course of diabetes mellitus ranged from 1 to 21 years..The other 23 patients had no diabetes mellitus(without diabetes mellitus group),including 14 males and 9 females with an average of(62±6)years old.Meanwhile,another 50 healthy physical examinees in the hospital were selected as control group,including 26 males and 24 females with the average age of(62±5)years old.Informed content was obtained from all the participants.METHODS:Venous blood was drawn from all the participants,and content of blood glucose was assayed by means of glucose oxidase,and the concentration of serum fructosamine was determined by nitroblue tetrazolium colorimetric method.Comparison between groups was performed by the analysis of variance and q test,and the correlation was tested by linear regression analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Comparison of blood glucose and serum fructosamine among the groups;②Correlation between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases and those without diabetes mellitus.RESULTS:All the 48 patients with cerebrovascular disease and 50 healthy subjects were involved in the analysis of results.①Contents of blood glucose and serum fructosamine:There were obvious differences in the contents of blood glucose and serum fructosamine among the diabetes mellitus group,without diabetes mellitus group and control group(F=577.7,115.1,P<0.01).The content of serum fructosamine in the diabetes mellitus group[(4.25±1.35)mmol/L]was obviously higher than those in the control group and without diabetes mellitus group[(1.65±0.27),(1.96±0.25)mmol/L,q=1.47,1.30,P<0.01],whereas there was no significant difference between the without diabetes mellitus group and control group(P>0.05).The content of blood glucose was obviously higher in the patients with and without diabetes mellitus groups[(15.80±2.13),(9.50±1.78)mmol/L]than in the control group[(4.56±0.77)mmol/L,q=1.86,2.46,P<0.01],also markedly higher in the with diabetes mellitus group than in the without diabetes mellitus group(q=1.42,P<0.01).②Results of correlation analysis:The content of serum fructosamine was positively correlated with the level of fasting blood glucose in the patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases(r=0.603,P<0.01).But there was no relationship between serum fructosamine and fasting blood glucose in the patients without diabetes mellitus(r=0.357,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The contents of blood glucose and serum fructosamine were obviously different among the diabetes mellitus group,without diabetes mellitus group and control group.There are closer relations between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebral disorders,which are not observed in the patients without diabetes mellitus.Fructosamine is significant in differentiating the reasons for the increased blood glucose in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.
文摘Objective:To study the effect of leflunomide combined with losartan potassium therapy on renal function and glomerular podocyte injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods:A total of 82 patients with diabetic nephropathy (CKDIIIa, IIIb stage) who were treated in our hospital between June 2013 and May 2016 were selected as the research subjects, random number table was used to divide them into leflunomide (LEF) group and control group who received leflunomide combined with losartan potassium therapy and losartan potassium monotherapy respectively. Before treatment and 8 weeks after treatment, serum contents of renal function indexes, RAAS molecules and inflammatory factors as well as urine contents of podocyte damage proteins were determined.Results:8 weeks after treatment, serum Scr, BUN, CysC, PRA, AT-II, ALD, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α contents, urine ACR levels as well as podocalyxin, nephrin, CA2AP and podocin contents of both groups of patients were significantly lower than those before treatment, and serum Scr, BUN, CysC, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α contents, urine ACR level as well as podocalyxin, nephrin, CA2AP and podocin contents of LEF group were significantly lower than those of control group, serum PRA, AT-II, ALD contents had no significant difference with control group.Conclusion:Leflunomide combined with losartan potassium therapy can improve the renal function of patients with diabetic nephropathy, and inhibit the inflammatory response injury to glomerular podocyte.
文摘Objective:To study the renal function, peroxidation damage and inflammatory injury after epalrestat combined with alprostadil treatment of early diabetic nephropathy.Methods:90 patients with early diabetic nephropathy treated in our hospital between June 2011 and November 2015 were collected and divided into observation group and control group (n=45) according to the single-blind randomized control method. Observation group received epalrestat combined with alprostadil treatment, control group received alprostadil treatment alone, and the treatment of both groups lasted for 3 months. Before treatment and after 3 months of treatment, turbidimetric immunoassay was used to detect the renal function indexes in peripheral blood, rate method was used to detect the renal function indexes in urine, and ELISA method was used to detect the levels of peroxidation indexes and inflammation indexes.Results:Before treatment, differences in renal function, peroxidation damage and inflammatory damage indexes were not statistically significant between two groups of patients (P>0.05). After 3 months of treatment, creatinine (Scr), cystatin C (CysC),β2 microglobulin (β2-MG), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), reactive oxygen species (ROS), advanced protein oxidation products (AOPPs), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-27 (IL-27) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels of observation group were lower than those of control group while catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (TSOD), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels were higher than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusions:Epalrestat combined with alprostadil can protect the renal function and inhibit the peroxidation damage and inflammatory injury in patients with early diabetic nephropathy.
文摘Objective:To study the effect of depression on renal function as well as oxidative stress and inflammatory response in patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods:Patients with type 2 diabetes alone, patients with diabetic nephropathy and patients with diabetic nephropathy and depression treated in our hospital between May 2014 and September 2016 were selected as the research subjects and included in simple diabetes group, diabetic nephropathy group and complicated depression group, and the renal function indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory response indexes were detected.Results: Scr, BUN, CysC, ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and TNF-α levels in serum as well as MA and A1M levels in urine of complicated depression group and diabetic nephropathy group were significantly higher than those of simple diabetes group while serum Mn-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and T-AOC levels were significantly lower than those of simple diabetes group;Scr, BUN, CysC, ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and TNF-α levels in serum as well as MA and A1M levels in urine of complicated depression group were significantly higher than those of diabetic nephropathy group while serum Mn-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and T-AOC levels were significantly lower than those of diabetic nephropathy group. HAMD score was positively correlated with Scr, BUN, CysC, ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, ICAM-1 and TNF-α levels in serum as well as MA and A1M levels in urine, and negatively correlated with Mn-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and T-AOC levels in serum.Conclusion: Depression in patients with diabetic nephropathy can aggravate the renal injury and increase oxidative stress and inflammatory response.