Observation on the Effect of Health Education in Health Management of Chronic Disease Patients

Objective: By the end of 2021, the aging rate of China’s population is 18.9%, and the prevalence rate of chronic diseases in the elderly population is increasing year by year, and chronic diseases have become the main causes of death and health threats of Chinese residents. Therefore, how to manage this huge group well is crucial. This paper analyzes the value of health education in the process of health management for patients with chronic diseases. Methods: 102 patients with chronic diseases treated from January 2021 to December 2021 were divided into control group and experimental group by random number table method. The control group was given routine health management while the experimental group was given health education based on the control group, and the implementation effect was analyzed. Results: After management, the scores of chronic disease knowledge in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the dimensions of ESCA were higher than those in the control group, and P < 0.05;Conclusion: The implementation of health education in the process of chronic disease health management is helpful to improve patients’ self-care ability and better control disease progression.

Effect of Health Management in Raising Awareness Rate of Disease Prevention and Treatment in Patients with Prehypertension

Objective: To analyze the effect of health management on improving the awareness rate of disease prevention and treatment in patients with prehypertension, so as to provide guidance for clinical management of patients with prehypertension. Methods: 108 patients diagnosed with prehypertension in our hospital were divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group was not given management measures, while the experimental group was given health management. The incidence of hypertension and cognition level of hypertension knowledge were compared between the two groups after management. Results: The incidence of hypertension in the experimental group was 7.41% lower than that in the control group 29.63%. The cognitive level of hypertension in the patients (66.54 ± 1.25) was significantly higher than that in the patients without health management (41.45 ± 2.45), and P < 0.05;Conclusion: For patients with prehypertension, the implementation of health management is helpful to improve their cognition of hypertension, master related prevention knowledge, and reduce the incidence of hypertension.

Effect of care intervention with a health education form for breastfeeding on breast distension,pain,and lactation in postpartum mothers

BACKGROUND Breastfeeding not only meets the nutritional needs of newborn growth and development but also promotes uterine contraction and discharge of lochia,which helps in maternal recovery.However,some mothers experience abnormal lactation and breast swelling due to a lack of breastfeeding knowledge,painful cesarean incisions,anesthesia,negative emotions,and other factors,resulting in a reduced breastfeeding rate,which adversely affects neonatal and maternal health.AIM To explore the effects of care intervention with a health education form for breastfeeding on breastfeeding-related conditions.METHODS In this study,207 mothers with postpartum breast pain and difficulty lactating were selected and divided into intervention and control groups using a random number table.Both groups of mothers were provided with basic nursing and related treatment measures after delivery.The intervention group additionally received care intervention with a health education form for breastfeeding.The scores of lactation volume,breast distension and pain,breastfeeding rate,breastfeeding self-efficacy,treatment effect,and complication rate of the two groups were compared.RESULTS After treatment,the breast pain score of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group,while the lactation score,score of Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form scale,parent-child communication score,maternal-infant interaction score,total score of maternal-infant communication,and breastfeeding rate of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group.After intervention,the overall therapeutic effect of the intervention group was better than that of the control group,and the complication rate of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group.CONCLUSION Breastfeeding health education and nursing intervention combined with basic clinical treatment have good clinical effects in managing postpartum breast distension and pain and increasing lactation yield.

The Application of Layered Progressive Teaching Method in Nursing Teaching of Health Management Centre

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of the layered progressive teaching method in the process of nursing teaching in the health management centre.Methods:100 nursing students in the health management centre of our hospital were randomly divided into two groups from April 2018 to April 2019,in which students of the control group were treated with routine teaching,while those of the experimental group were treated with layered progressive teaching.Then,the teaching effect of the two groups was compared and analysed.Results:The assessment results of nursing students in the two groups were compared,in which the theoretical knowledge scores and practical operation scores of nursing students in the experimental group were(94.34±2.33)and(90.45±2.20)respectively.By contrast,the score of students in the control group was lower and the difference between the two groups was not significant(P<0.50).The teaching effect of students in the experimental group is more significant.Conclusion:During the process of nursing teaching in the Health Management Centre,the progressive teaching method showed a significant clinical effect and could effectively enhance students’scores.Therefore,it is positively significant for clinical development.

Discussion on Health Management Model of Patients with Chronic Diseases

The new medical reform program puts forward new requirements for the prevention and control of chronic diseases and the construction of community health service system. Through the health management of patients with chronic diseases, the health management experience of chronic disease patients is summarized, including collecting data, establishing health records, assessing health risk factors, adopting health interventions, dietary interventions, exercise interventions, medication interventions, psychological interventions, and health education. It is believed that strengthening the health management of patients with chronic diseases can alleviate the suffering of patients, improve the quality of life of patients, and save medical resources.

Yundi Behavior and Health Research Center Joins Hands with Five Neighboring Countries to Carry out Online Training on COVID-19 Community Prevention and Control

The Belt and Road Initiative has brought rich and diverse possibilities to global cooperation,recommending that countries strengthen multilateral cooperation,help each other,and jointly face and resolve various risks.

Health Management of Patients with Type II Diabetes and its Influence on Chronic Complication

Objectives:To explore the application of health management in patients with type II diabetes and to analyze and compare the incidence of chronic complications.Methods:the relevant research work was carried out in our hospital.During September 2018 to September 2019,100 patients with type II diabetes were randomly divided into two groups:one group was given routine nursing intervention,the other group was given health management,and they were named control group and experimental group respectively.Each group had 50 patients,the influence of different nursing methods on the incidence of chronic complications in patients was explored.Results:In the one-year followup results,the corresponding complications of patients mainly include cardiovascular disease,kidney disease,cerebrovascular disease,fundus disease and peripheral neuropathy.The incidence of complications in the experimental group is 10.00%,while that in the control group is 32.00%.in comparison,the incidence in the experimental group is lower,and the data difference between the two group is small(P<0.05),which exists significance.Conclusion:The application of health management method in type II diabetes has significant effect,which can reduce the incidence of chronic complications,improve the quality of life of patients,and has positive significance for clinical development.

Pregnant Women with Diabetes under the Novel COVID-19 Pneumonia Epidemic Home Protection and Diet and Exercise Management

Under the epidemic situation of novel COVID-19 pneumonia, pregnant women belong to the susceptible population, and their physiological and psychological conditions are particularly worthy of attention. Diabetes patients during pregnancy may have a variety of complications, which can have a serious adverse impact on their own and fetal health. This article elaborates on home protection and diet and exercise guidance for pregnant women with diabetes in order to provide guidance for pregnant women with diabetes in a special period, and further prevent and control the pneumonia epidemic caused by novel COVID-19 infection in pregnant women.

Cumulative effects of excess high-normal alanine aminotransferase levels in relation to new-onset metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in China

BACKGROUND Within the normal range,elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels are associated with an increased risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).AIM To investigate the associations between repeated high-normal ALT measurements and the risk of new-onset MAFLD prospectively.METHODS A cohort of 3553 participants followed for four consecutive health examinations over 4 years was selected.The incidence rate,cumulative times,and equally and unequally weighted cumulative effects of excess high-normal ALT levels(ehALT)were measured.Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyse the association between the cumulative effects of ehALT and the risk of new-onset MAFLD.RESULTS A total of 83.13%of participants with MAFLD had normal ALT levels.The incidence rate of MAFLD showed a linear increasing trend in the cumulative ehALT group.Compared with those in the low-normal ALT group,the multivariate adjusted hazard ratios of the equally and unequally weighted cumulative effects of ehALT were 1.651[95%confidence interval(CI):1.199-2.273]and 1.535(95%CI:1.119-2.106)in the third quartile and 1.616(95%CI:1.162-2.246)and 1.580(95%CI:1.155-2.162)in the fourth quartile,respectively.CONCLUSION Most participants with MAFLD had normal ALT levels.Long-term high-normal ALT levels were associated with a cumulative increased risk of new-onset MAFLD.

Predictive factors and model validation of post-colon polyp surgery Helicobacter pylori infection

BACKGROUND Recently,research has linked Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)stomach infection to colonic inflammation,mediated by toxin production,potentially impacting colorectal cancer occurrence.AIM To investigate the risk factors for post-colon polyp surgery,H.pylori infection,and its correlation with pathologic type.METHODS Eighty patients who underwent colon polypectomy in our hospital between January 2019 and January 2023 were retrospectively chosen.They were then randomly split into modeling(n=56)and model validation(n=24)sets using R.The modeling cohort was divided into an H.pylori-infected group(n=37)and an H.pylori-uninfected group(n=19).Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing the occurrence of H.pylori infection after colon polyp surgery.A roadmap prediction model was established and validated.Finally,the correlation between the different pathological types of colon polyps and the occurrence of H.pylori infection was analyzed after colon polyp surgery.RESULTS Univariate results showed that age,body mass index(BMI),literacy,alcohol consumption,polyp pathology type,high-risk adenomas,and heavy diet were all influential factors in the development of H.pylori infection after intestinal polypectomy.Binary multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that age,BMI,and type of polyp pathology were independent predictors of the occurrence of H.pylori infection after intestinal polypectomy.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.969[95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.928–1.000]and 0.898(95%CI:0.773–1.000)in the modeling and validation sets,respectively.The slope of the calibration curve of the graph was close to 1,and the goodness-of-fit test was P>0.05 in the two sets.The decision analysis curve showed a high rate of return in both sets.The results of the correlation analysis between different pathological types and the occurrence of H.pylori infection after colon polyp surgery showed that hyperplastic polyps,inflammatory polyps,and the occurrence of H.pylori infection were not significantly correlated.In contrast,adenomatous polyps showed a significant positive correlation with the occurrence of H.pylori infection.CONCLUSION Age,BMI,and polyps of the adenomatous type were independent predictors of H.pylori infection after intestinal polypectomy.Moreover,the further constructed column-line graph prediction model of H.pylori infection after intestinal polypectomy showed good predictive ability.

Apatinib and gamabufotalin co-loaded lipid/Prussian blue nanoparticles for synergistic therapy to gastric cancer with metastasis

Due to the non-targeted release and low solubility of anti-gastric cancer agent,apatinib(Apa),a first-line drug with long-term usage in a high dosage often induces multi-drug resistance and causes serious side effects.In order to avoid these drawbacks,lipid-film-coated Prussian blue nanoparticles(PB NPs)with hyaluronan(HA)modification was used for Apa loading to improve its solubility and targeting ability.Furthermore,anti-tumor compound of gamabufotalin(CS-6)was selected as a partner of Apawith reducing dosage for combinational gastric therapy.Thus,HA-Apa-Lip@PB-CS-6 NPs were constructed to synchronously transport the two drugs into tumor tissue.In vitro assay indicated that HA-Apa-Lip@PB-CS-6 NPs can synergistically inhibit proliferation and invasion/metastasis of BGC-823 cells via downregulating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGFR)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9).In vivo assay demonstrated strongest anti-tumor growth and liver metastasis of HA-Apa-Lip@PB-CS-6 NPs administration in BGC-823 cells-bearing mice compared with other groups due to the excellent penetration in tumor tissues and outstanding synergistic effects.In summary,we have successfully developed a new nanocomplexes for synchronous Apa/CS-6 delivery and synergistic gastric cancer(GC)therapy.

The MORC2 p.S87L mutation reduces proliferation of pluripotent stem cells derived from a patient with the spinal muscular atrophy-like phenotype by inhibiting proliferation-related signaling pathways

Mutations in the microrchidia CW-type zinc finger protein 2(MORC2)gene are the causative agent of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Z(CMT2Z),and the hotspot mutation p.S87L is associated with a more seve re spinal muscular atrophy-like clinical phenotype.The aims of this study were to determine the mechanism of the severe phenotype caused by the MORC2 p.S87L mutation and to explore potential treatment strategies.Epithelial cells were isolated from urine samples from a spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)-like patient[MORC2 p.S87L),a CMT2Z patient[MORC2 p.Q400R),and a healthy control and induced to generate pluripotent stem cells,which were then differentiated into motor neuron precursor cells.Next-generation RNA sequencing followed by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes involved in the PI3K/Akt and MAP K/ERK signaling pathways were enriched in the p.S87L SMA-like patient group and were significantly downregulated in induced pluripotent stem cells.Reduced proliferation was observed in the induced pluripotent stem cells and motor neuron precursor cells derived from the p.S87L SMA-like patient group compared with the CMT2Z patient group and the healthy control.G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest was observed in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from the p.S87L SMA-like patient.MORC2 p.S87Lspecific antisense oligonucleotides(p.S87L-ASO-targeting)showed significant efficacy in improving cell prolife ration and activating the PI3K/Akt and MAP K/ERK pathways in induced pluripotent stem cells.Howeve r,p.S87L-ASO-ta rgeting did not rescue prolife ration of motor neuron precursor cells.These findings suggest that downregulation of the PI3K/Akt and MAP K/ERK signaling pathways leading to reduced cell proliferation and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in induced pluripotent stem cells might be the underlying mechanism of the severe p.S87L SMA-like phenotype.p.S87L-ASO-targeting treatment can alleviate disordered cell proliferation in the early stage of pluripotent stem cell induction.

Morphological disruption and visual tuning alterations in the primary visual cortex in glaucoma(DBA/2J)mice

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreve rsible blindness wo rldwide,and previous studies have shown that,in addition to affecting the eyes,it also causes abnormalities in the brain.However,it is not yet clear how the primary visual cortex(V1)is altered in glaucoma.This study used DBA/2J mice as a model for spontaneous secondary glaucoma.The aim of the study was to compare the electrophysiological and histomorphological chara cteristics of neurons in the V1between 9-month-old DBA/2J mice and age-matched C57BL/6J mice.We conducted single-unit recordings in the V1 of light-anesthetized mice to measure the visually induced responses,including single-unit spiking and gamma band oscillations.The morphology of layerⅡ/Ⅲneurons was determined by neuronal nuclear antigen staining and Nissl staining of brain tissue sections.Eighty-seven neurons from eight DBA/2J mice and eighty-one neurons from eight C57BL/6J mice were examined.Compared with the C57BL/6J group,V1 neurons in the DBA/2J group exhibited weaker visual tuning and impaired spatial summation.Moreove r,fewer neuro ns were observed in the V1 of DBA/2J mice compared with C57BL/6J mice.These findings suggest that DBA/2J mice have fewer neurons in the VI compared with C57BL/6J mice,and that these neurons have impaired visual tuning.Our findings provide a better understanding of the pathological changes that occur in V1 neuron function and morphology in the DBA/2J mouse model.This study might offer some innovative perspectives regarding the treatment of glaucoma.

Conversion therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:Advances and challenges

Recently,the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology published an article entitled“Pathologically successful conversion hepatectomy for advanced giant hepatocellular carcinoma after multidisciplinary therapy:A case report and review of the literature”,in which the authors shared their successful experience with complete surgical resection after multidisciplinary conversion therapy.The study by Chu et al demonstrates the great challenges that the advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)poses to surgical oncology,reveals the complexity of conversion therapy for unresectable HCC,emphasizes the important role of a multidisciplinary management model in conversion therapy,and enriches our understanding of the dynamics of personalized treatment for different patients.At present,conversion therapy is a hot research topic in the treatment of unresectable HCC,which has brought new hope to many patients with moderately advanced HCC.However,there are still many urgent problems to be solved in conversion therapy.Here,we would like to further discuss the advances and challenges of conversion therapy for unresectable HCC with the authors and the general readers.

Malignant melanoma:An important differential diagnosis for clear cell sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract

A case report by Liu et al describes the characteristics of metastatic clear cell sarcoma(CCS)of the pancreas and provides valuable therapeutic insights for this rare malignancy.This case is interesting because of its rarity,suggesting that the pancreas may be a potential target organ for CCS,either primary or metastatic.At the same time,the authors also emphasize the importance of regular postoperative follow-up for timely detection of recurrent lesions,as CCS is characterized by a high degree of malignancy and a high rate of recurrent metastases.Considering that CCS of the gastrointestinal tract is easily confused with malignant melanoma(MM)of the gastrointestinal tract,here we compare the clinical features,histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of CCS and MM of the gastrointestinal tract,hoping to provide a reference for clinical work.

Clinical efficacy of gamma-oryzanol combined with Femoston for perimenopausal syndrome

BACKGROUND Perimenopausal syndrome(PMS)is a chronic disease associated with estrogen deficiency.Because of the unsatisfactory outcomes of current conventional treatments for this condition,its treatment must be continuously explored and optimized.AIM To assess the clinical effectiveness ofγ-oryzanol in combination with Femoston for PMS.METHODS A total of 119 patients with PMS were selected from June 2023 to December 2023,which included 59 and 60 patients in the control and observation group,respectively.The control and observation groups were treated with Femoston andγ-oryzanol+Femoston,respectively.Comparative analyses were performed in terms of clinical effectiveness,safety(dizziness and headache,nausea and vomiting,and breast tenderness),sex hormones[estradiol(E2),luteinizing hormone(LH),and follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)],lumbar spine(L1-4)and bilateral femoral bone mineral density(BMD),and sleep quality(sleeping time and frequency of awakenings from sleep).RESULTS Compared with the control group,the observation group had statistically higher total effective rates of treatment;lower overall incidence of adverse events;higher post-treatment E2 levels and L1-4 and bilateral femoral BMD;and lower LH and FSH levels,sleeping time,and frequency of awakenings from sleep after treatment.CONCLUSION Therefore,for the treatment of PMS,γ-oryzanol combined with Femoston is significantly better than Femoston alone in terms of clinical effectiveness,exhibiting more pronounced clinical advantages in improving safety,sex hormone levels,BMD,and sleep quality.

Animal models of eosinophilic esophagitis,review and perspectives

Eosinophilic oesophagitis(EoE)is an allergen/immune-mediated chronic esophageal disease characterized by esophageal mucosal eosinophilic infiltration and esophageal dysfunction.Although the disease was originally attributed to a delayed allergic reaction to allergens and a Th2-type immune response,the exact pathogenesis is complex,and the efficacy of existing treatments is unsatisfactory.Therefore,the study of the pathophysiological process of EOE has received increasing attention.Animal models have been used extensively to study the molecular mechanism of EOE pathogenesis and also provide a preclinical platform for human clinical intervention studies of novel therapeutic agents.To maximize the use of existing animal models of EOE,it is important to understand the advantages or limitations of each modeling approach.This paper systematically describes the selection of experimental animals,types of allergens,and methods of sensitization and excitation during the preparation of animal models of EoE.It also discusses the utility and shortcomings of each model with the aim of providing the latest perspectives on EoE models and leading to better choices of animal models.

社区衰弱和肌少症老年人膳食营养干预的障碍和促进因素:质性 研究的meta整合

目的随着老龄化社会进程加速,老年人躯体衰弱和肌少症的患病率逐年上升,并带来诸多不良影响。膳食营养是防治躯体衰弱和肌少症的重要方式,但在社区环境中实施膳食营养干预受到诸多复杂因素影响。本综述旨在对相关研究中的促进和障碍因素进行系统综述,为制订相关健康管理方案提供参考。方法在Pub Med. .Web of Science 、Medline(Ovid). Embase(Ovid)和Cochrane Library 数据库进行检索,发表时间限定为建库至2023年1月。使用主题词和自由词组合完成检索。使用英国牛津大学循证医学中心质性研究质量评价工具(the Critical Appraisal Skills Program Qualiative Sudies Checklist)对 纳入研究进行质量评价。利用社会生态建模框架对提取的信息进行编码和分析。本综述方案已在PROSPERO注册(CRD42022381339)。结果共纳入10项研究。其中,4项研究仅进行营养相关干预,而膳食营养和运动干预相结合的有6项。根据社会生态模型,从个体特征、外部环境和干预措施3个层面对促进和障碍因素进行了总结,包含10个副主题。结论对社区中的躯体衰弱和肌少症老年人实施膳食营养干预措施时,应整合个人内部动机和外部支持,为参与者制订“量身定制”的干预方案,并最大程度地优化可利用的人力和物理资源。

Advances in targeted therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive in advanced gastric cancer

Emerging therapeutic methods represented by targeted therapy are effective supplements to traditional first-line chemoradiotherapy resistance.Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)is one of the most important targets in targeted therapy for gastric cancer.Trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy has been used as the first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer.The safety and efficacy of pertuzumab and margetuximab in the treatment of gastric cancer have been verified.However,monoclonal antibodies,due to their large molecular weight,inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier,and drug resistance,lead to decreased therapeutic efficacy,so it is necessary to explore the efficacy of other HER2-targeting therapies in gastric cancer.Small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors,such as lapatinib and pyrrotinib,have the advantages of small molecular weight,penetrating the blood-brain barrier and high oral bioavailability,and are expected to become the drugs of choice for perioperative treatment and neoadjuvant therapy of gastric cancer after validation by large-scale clinical trials in the future.Antibo-drug conjugate,such as T-DM1 and T-DXd,can overcome the resistance of monoclonal antibodies despite their different mechanisms of tumor killing,and are a supplement for the treatment of patients who have failed the treatment of monoclonal antibodies such as trastuzumab.Therefore,after more detailed stratification of gastric cancer patients,various gastric cancer drugs targeting HER2 are expected to play a more significant role.

Long-Term Survival Trend of Gynecological Cancer:A Systematic Review of Population-Based Cancer Registration Data

Gynecological cancer significantly affect the health of women.This review aimed to describe the global patterns and trends in the survival of patients with gynecological cancers.We searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,SinoMed,and SEER for survival analyses of cancer registration data of cervical,endometrial,and ovarian cancers published between 1980 and 2022.Globally,the highest 5-year observed survival rate for cervical cancer was 76.5% in Anshan,Liaoning,China(2008-2017).The 5-year observed survival rates of endometrial and ovarian cancers were higher in Finland(1995-1999,82.5%)and Singapore(1988-1992,62.0%).The 5-year relative survival rate of cervical cancer patients was higher in Haining,Zhejiang,China(2011-2014,85.8%).Korea ranked first at 89.0% and 64.5% for endometrial and ovarian cancers,respectively.Survival rates have improved for cervical,endometrial,and ovarian cancers.Patients aged≥75 years and those with advancedstage disease had the worst 5-year survival rates.Survival rates were better for squamous cell carcinoma in cervical cancer,for endometrial carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma in endometrial cancer,and for germ cell and sex-cord stromal tumors in ovarian cancer.Over the past four decades,the survival rates of gynecological cancers have increased globally,with notable increases in cervical and endometrial cancers.Survival rates are higher in developed countries,with a slow-growing trend.Future studies should focus on improving survival,especially in ovarian cancer patients.