This paper analyzes equity in health care utilizetion and out-of-pocket expenditure on health care in India using two rounds (52th round 1995-1996 and 60th round 2004-2005) of National Sample Survey data and data from...This paper analyzes equity in health care utilizetion and out-of-pocket expenditure on health care in India using two rounds (52th round 1995-1996 and 60th round 2004-2005) of National Sample Survey data and data from a household survey carried out in 2007. The findings indicate that the average hospitalization rate has increased and the corresponding value of the concentration index has decreased over the last ten years. However, the health care payment structure is seen to be regressive for inpatient care, and more so for outpatient care. The main reason is the very high out-of-pocket payment on medicine and diagnostic tests even in government hospitals. High out-of-pocket payment has resulted in 34 percent poor households losing all their past savings, 30 percent of households borrowing with interest and 2 percent of households selling their assets. These findings indicate the urgent need for putting in place risk pooling mechanisms.展开更多
This paper analyzes the state of health and access to health services among the urban poor in India. Analysis is based on data from a primary survey conducted among 2000 households, covering 10,929 individuals from fo...This paper analyzes the state of health and access to health services among the urban poor in India. Analysis is based on data from a primary survey conducted among 2000 households, covering 10,929 individuals from four cities of India. Summary statistics and regressions (using STATA) are used for data analysis. Results show lack of government facilities and services, a very high preference for private health facilities, high expenses especially in private but also in public facilities, and a perception that private facilities are offering high quality services as important concerns. An econometric analysis of the determinants of acute illness indicates the insufficiency of basic amenities like sanitation, garbage disposal and potable water. Together with the lack of availability of government health facilities in the vicinity, these results indicate continued vulnerability of the urban poor, and the need for urgent government action.展开更多
Lack of integration and coordination between HIV prevention programmes and developmental programmes explain why many countries have not been able to halt the epidemic, and others still have unacceptably high prevalenc...Lack of integration and coordination between HIV prevention programmes and developmental programmes explain why many countries have not been able to halt the epidemic, and others still have unacceptably high prevalence. A framework is presented here with supporting evidence to argue that existing structural interventions may be unsustainable in the long run because they do not address core developmental issues or the “structural plus factors”. This problem emanates from the almost total administrative and intellectual disconnect between policies that address development issues and those that address HIV prevention. Usual prevention packages may result only in short term benefits. To get the most out of limited global resources on prevention, it is critical that planners recognize and understand that parallel policies for AIDS prevention and development are not going to be cost-effective and sustainable, and the only option is to approach prevention as well as development in an integrated manner.展开更多
文摘This paper analyzes equity in health care utilizetion and out-of-pocket expenditure on health care in India using two rounds (52th round 1995-1996 and 60th round 2004-2005) of National Sample Survey data and data from a household survey carried out in 2007. The findings indicate that the average hospitalization rate has increased and the corresponding value of the concentration index has decreased over the last ten years. However, the health care payment structure is seen to be regressive for inpatient care, and more so for outpatient care. The main reason is the very high out-of-pocket payment on medicine and diagnostic tests even in government hospitals. High out-of-pocket payment has resulted in 34 percent poor households losing all their past savings, 30 percent of households borrowing with interest and 2 percent of households selling their assets. These findings indicate the urgent need for putting in place risk pooling mechanisms.
文摘This paper analyzes the state of health and access to health services among the urban poor in India. Analysis is based on data from a primary survey conducted among 2000 households, covering 10,929 individuals from four cities of India. Summary statistics and regressions (using STATA) are used for data analysis. Results show lack of government facilities and services, a very high preference for private health facilities, high expenses especially in private but also in public facilities, and a perception that private facilities are offering high quality services as important concerns. An econometric analysis of the determinants of acute illness indicates the insufficiency of basic amenities like sanitation, garbage disposal and potable water. Together with the lack of availability of government health facilities in the vicinity, these results indicate continued vulnerability of the urban poor, and the need for urgent government action.
文摘Lack of integration and coordination between HIV prevention programmes and developmental programmes explain why many countries have not been able to halt the epidemic, and others still have unacceptably high prevalence. A framework is presented here with supporting evidence to argue that existing structural interventions may be unsustainable in the long run because they do not address core developmental issues or the “structural plus factors”. This problem emanates from the almost total administrative and intellectual disconnect between policies that address development issues and those that address HIV prevention. Usual prevention packages may result only in short term benefits. To get the most out of limited global resources on prevention, it is critical that planners recognize and understand that parallel policies for AIDS prevention and development are not going to be cost-effective and sustainable, and the only option is to approach prevention as well as development in an integrated manner.
