This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of different types of socks for patients with diabetes on reducing in-shoe plantar foot pressure when standing and walking. A total of 5 types of socks,including 3 types of dia...This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of different types of socks for patients with diabetes on reducing in-shoe plantar foot pressure when standing and walking. A total of 5 types of socks,including 3 types of diabetic socks and 2 types of daily /sports socks of various structures are studied. The effects of sock fabrication and design on plantar pressure redistribution that resulting in increasing the underfoot contact area and reducing the risk of pressure ulceration,as well as foot skin temperature and humidity, are examined. The results reveal that regardless of the different knitting structure,thickness and airspace ratio of the sock,both diabetic and daily /sports socks can effectively reduce high plantar pressure on the rear foot,and re-distribute the pressure to other foot regions,like the metatarsal heads. The effects of fabrication and knitting structure on pressure reduction and redistribution are not apparent in this study. However,they have a major impact on the control of foot skin temperature and humidity. The results of the study provide a reference for optimizing the design and functional performance of socks for patients with diabetes.展开更多
While images have been sufficiently investigated from the systemic functional semiotic approach in various multimodal text types,illustrations in poem books have received relatively little attention.This paper analyze...While images have been sufficiently investigated from the systemic functional semiotic approach in various multimodal text types,illustrations in poem books have received relatively little attention.This paper analyzed 2233 images in 15 poem picture-books(IPBs)targeted at different age groups,and classified as pre-school,school and adult groups.Statistics herein show that visual meanings in different groups manifest significantly different patterns in terms of ideational,interpersonal and compositional functions.The distributions are clearly motivated by different pedagogical functions,moving from basic cognitive development,to literacy cultivation and affiliation,and finally to enculturation of aesthetics and social values.The study therefore informs IPB practitioners how to match the visual design of illustrations with the pedagogical needs of readers of different ages.展开更多
基金Research Grant Council,Hong Kong,China(No.PolyU 5308/11E)Departmental Grant of Institute of Textiles and Clothing,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong,China(No.PolyU RTD6)
文摘This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of different types of socks for patients with diabetes on reducing in-shoe plantar foot pressure when standing and walking. A total of 5 types of socks,including 3 types of diabetic socks and 2 types of daily /sports socks of various structures are studied. The effects of sock fabrication and design on plantar pressure redistribution that resulting in increasing the underfoot contact area and reducing the risk of pressure ulceration,as well as foot skin temperature and humidity, are examined. The results reveal that regardless of the different knitting structure,thickness and airspace ratio of the sock,both diabetic and daily /sports socks can effectively reduce high plantar pressure on the rear foot,and re-distribute the pressure to other foot regions,like the metatarsal heads. The effects of fabrication and knitting structure on pressure reduction and redistribution are not apparent in this study. However,they have a major impact on the control of foot skin temperature and humidity. The results of the study provide a reference for optimizing the design and functional performance of socks for patients with diabetes.
文摘While images have been sufficiently investigated from the systemic functional semiotic approach in various multimodal text types,illustrations in poem books have received relatively little attention.This paper analyzed 2233 images in 15 poem picture-books(IPBs)targeted at different age groups,and classified as pre-school,school and adult groups.Statistics herein show that visual meanings in different groups manifest significantly different patterns in terms of ideational,interpersonal and compositional functions.The distributions are clearly motivated by different pedagogical functions,moving from basic cognitive development,to literacy cultivation and affiliation,and finally to enculturation of aesthetics and social values.The study therefore informs IPB practitioners how to match the visual design of illustrations with the pedagogical needs of readers of different ages.
