Correlation of serum complement and immunoglobulin contents with inflammatory stress response in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

Objective:To study the correlation of serum complements C3 and C4 as well as immunoglobulins IgM, IgA and IgG contents with inflammatory stress response in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.Methods: The children who were diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine between February 2015 and January 2018 were selected as the MPP group, and healthy children who received physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The contents of complements, immunoglobulins and inflammatory stress mediators in serum as well as the expression of inflammatory stress molecules in peripheral blood were measured.Results: Serum C3, C4, IgM, sICAM-1, CD40L, HMGB1, Cor and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood TLR2, TLR4, CD11b, CD18, MPO and NOX2 expression intensity of MPP group were significantly higher than those of control group, IgA level was significantly lower than that of control group, and IgG level was not different from that of control group;serum C3, C4 and IgM levels of MPP group were positively correlated with serum sICAM-1, CD40L, HMGB1, Cor and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood TLR2, TLR4, CD11b, CD18, MPO and NOX2 expression intensity, and serum IgA level was negatively correlated with serum sICAM-1, CD40L, HMGB1, Cor and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood TLR2, TLR4, CD11b, CD18, MPO and NOX2 expression intensity. Conclusion: The changes of serum complements and immunoglobulins in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia are related to the excessive activation of inflammatory stress response in the course of disease.

Expert consensus on prevention and cardiopulmonary resuscitation for cardiac arrest in COVID-19

Background:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)strategies in COVID-19 patients differ from those in patients suffering from cardiogenic cardiac arrest.During CPR,both healthcare and non-healthcare workers who provide resuscitation are at risk of infection.The Working Group for Expert Consensus on Prevention and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest in COVID-19 has developed this Chinese Expert Consensus to guide clinical practice of CPR in COVID-19 patients.Main recommendations:1)A medical team should be assigned to evaluate severe and critical COVID-19 for early monitoring of cardiac-arrest warning signs.2)Psychological counseling and treatment are highly recommended,since sympathetic and vagal abnormalities induced by psychological stress from the COVID-19 pandemic can induce cardiac arrest.3)Healthcare workers should wear personal protective equipment(PPE).4)Mouth-to-mouth ventilation should be avoided on patients suspected of having or diagnosed with COVID-19.5)Hands-only chest compression and mechanical chest compression are recommended.6)Tracheal-intubation procedures should be optimized and tracheal-intubation strategies should be implemented early.7)CPR should be provided for 20-30 min.8)Various factors should be taken into consideration such as the interests of patients and family members,ethics,transmission risks,and laws and regulations governing infectious disease control.Changes in management:The following changes or modifications to CPR strategy in COVID-19 patients are proposed:1)Healthcare workers should wear PPE.2)Hands-only chest compression and mechanical chest compression can be implemented to reduce or avoid the spread of viruses by aerosols.3)Both the benefits to patients and the risk of infection should be considered.4)Hhealthcare workers should be fully aware of and trained in CPR strategies and procedures specifically for patients with COVID-19.

Scraping therapy for knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the efficacy of scraping therapy on knee osteoarthritis(KOA).METHODS:A computerized search was conducted in several databases,including PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,Wanfang,and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database,from the establishment date of these databases to April 9,2023.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on scraping therapy for KOA were collected in accordance with the“Participants-Intervention-Control-Outcome-Study design”criteria.The methodological evaluation of the included studies was carried out using RoB 2.0,and Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan.The Grades of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE System)was applied to grade the quality of evidence.RESULTS:A total of 12 RCTs with 997 subjects were included in the Meta-analysis.Results indicated that compared with the control group,the scraping therapy treatment group exhibited increased Lysholm scores[mean difference(MD)=4.96,95%confidence intervals(CI)(3.18,6.74),P<0.00001]and Hospital for Special Surgery scores[MD=8.35,95%CI(3.92,12.78),P=0.0002]and decreased visual analog scale scores[MD=-2.11,95%CI(-3.79,-0.44),P=0.01]and Western Ontario and McM aster University Osteoarthritis Index scores[MD=-6.77,95%CI(-8.99,-4.56),P<0.00001)].The quality of evidence obtained in this Meta-analysis was low according to the GRADE system.CONCLUSION:The available evidence suggests that scraping therapy may have certain clinical efficacy in the treatment of KOA.However,further high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm the findings.