Studies on the Anti-inflammatory Activity of Three Extraction Processes of Bidens alba(L.) DC

[Objectives] To compare the anti-inflammatory activities of three extraction processes of the exotic plant Bidens alba(L.) DC in Lingnan(south of the Five Ridges in China).[Methods]The alcohol extracts of B.alba(L.) DC were extracted and separated with petroleum ether,chloroform and ethyl acetate respectively.The anti-inflammatory activity experiment of these three extracts was carried out with the RAW264.7 inflammatory model of mouse macrophages in vitro.[Results]When the concentration was 0.05-1.6 mg/L,the petroleum ether extract of B.alba(L.) DC produced strong inhibitory effects on nitric oxide(NO) release of RAW264.7 macrophages induced by LPS;the inhibition of ethyl acetate extract was weak,and the chloroform extract showed no significant inhibition.[Conclusions]Petroleum ether is the best extractant for active anti-inflammatory ingredients of B.alba(L.) DC.

Studies on the Analgesic Activity and Acute Toxicities of Bidens alba(L.) DC

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the analgesic effects and acute toxicities of Bidens alba (L.) DC.[Methods]The alcohol extract of B.alba (L.) DC was extracted and separated with petroleum ether and chloroform successively.The acute toxicities of the two extracts on mice were measured,and then the analgesic effects were measured with writhing pain model induced by acetic acid.[Results]No mice died when the crude dosages of B.alba (L.) DC from petroleum ether extract and chloroform extract were 5 016 and 5 100 mg/kg,respectively.When the petroleum ether extract was 60.0 mg/kg,the percentage of twisted mice induced by acetic acid was 40%,the analgesic rate was 77.5%,and the time of the first writhing was (294.0±165.8) s;when the chloroform extract was 20.0 mg/kg,the percentage of twisted animals was 55.6%,the analgesic rate was 51.5%,and the time of the first writhing was (273.8 ±153.4) s;and when the chloroform extract was 4.0 mg/kg,the percentage of twisted animals was 40%,and the analgesic rate was 62.1%,and the time of the first writhing was (370.6±231.3) s.[Conclusions]The petroleum ether extracts and chloroform extracts of B.alba (L.) DC have good analgesic effects and no acute toxicities.

Correlation of effective hepatic blood flow with liver pathology in patients with hepatitis B virus

Background and aims:Effective hepatic blood flow(EHBF)decreases with liver disease progression,and identifying liver pathology is critical for patients with liver disease.This study was designed to elucidate the correlation between EHBF and liver pathology and explore the potential of EHBF for predicting the degree of liver pathology.Methods:In this study,207 patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)who underwent liver biopsy and indocyanine green(ICG)clearance tests were enrolled.EHBF was measured using the ICG clearance test,and liver tissue was histologically analyzed to determine the pathological stage according to the Scheuer scoring system.Demographic data,biochemical indexes,and FibroScan data were collected for statistical analysis.Results:EHBF levels decreased as the liver histological stages of inflammation and fibrosis increased(P<0.01).EHBF was significantly negatively associated with the levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase,alkaline phosphatase,aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index,fibrosis index based on the four factors,and liver stiffness measurement(P<0.05).The EHBF levels of patients without liver inflammation(G0)were significantly higher than those of patients with liver inflammation(G1e4)(P<0.001).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)value for discriminating patients without liver inflammation was 0.827,and the optimal cutoff value was 0.936 L/min.The EHBF levels of patients with severe liver inflammation(G4)were significantly lower than those of patients with G0e3 liver inflammation(P<0.001).The AUROC value for discriminating patients with severe liver inflammation was 0.792,and the optimal cutoff value was 0.552 L/min.The EHBF levels of patients without liver fibrosis(S0)were significantly higher than those of patients with liver fibrosis(S1e4)(P<0.001).The AUROC value for discriminating patients without liver fibrosis was 0.633,and the optimal cutoff value was 1.173 L/min.The EHBF levels of patients with liver cirrhosis(S4)were significantly lower than those of patients with S0e3 liver fibrosis(P<0.001).The AUROC value for discriminating patients with liver cirrhosis(S4)was 0.630,and the optimal cutoff value was 0.562 L/min.Conclusions:EHBF levels and liver pathology are significantly correlated.EHBF could effectively reflect liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients infected with HBV,especially for patients without liver inflammation or liver fibrosis.