Study on the Variation Characteristics of Haze Weather in Hubei Province during 1980-2012

This paper, using the method of "the combination of 14 o'clock relative humidity, visibility and weather phenomena", selected haze days during 1980-2012 from 13 stations of Hubei Province, and studied years of variation characteristics of haze weather in Hubei Province. The results showed that the average annual haze days showed a fluctuant rising trend in whole from 1980 to 2012, but there were many peak value and valley value during the whole changing process; haze days of most stations showed an increasing trend, among which the stations with less than50 d haze days had a more obvious increasing trend, and the spatial distribution of annual mean haze days had distinct inhomogeneity. Haze days of Hubei Province presented the distribution characteristics of more in autumn and winter, and less in spring and summer, in which haze days during December-January were the most,and haze days during July-August were the least. Terrain had a big impact on local haze days, piedmont leeward zones were prone to haze days, mountainous regions were just the opposite. The research suggested that we should combine different situations with different stations instead of exclusively from the mean value of multiple stations when we analyze the mean change of haze days in a broader area, to investigate the overall changing trend and the reasons.

Compositional characteristics and toxicological responses of human lung epithelial cells to inhalable particles (PM_(10)) from ten typical biomass fuel combustions

As the primary component of haze,atmospheric inhalable particulate matters(PMio)are highly detri-mental to human health.Biomass combustion is one of China's most pivotal sources to aerosols pollution,inducing non-negligible emissions and uncertain risks.PMio samples directly from 10 representative biomass fuel combustion sources(2 groups covering the reality widely:straws of rice,wheat,corn,corncob,soybean,peanut,rape,sesame;and branches of pine,peach)were collected using the dilution channel sampler and analyzed for chemical compositions and in vitro cytotoxicity to human lung epithelial cell lines A549.The components of PMio are dominated by organic carbon(OC),followed by Water-soluble K+and Cl,and rich in metals Fe,Zn,Cr,and Ni.Generally,PMio emitted from biomass fuel combustions can weaken the antioxidant capacity of cells,and straws emissions,especially rape and peanut straws,show stronger ability to further induce oxidative stress and inflammatory damage than fuelwoods,owing to the key toxic roles of Cr,Ni,and Co.Therefore,reducing the specific source emis--sions of PMio from crop straw combustions rich in heavy metals could be an effective oriented strategy to improve environmental air quality and control aerosols pollution precisely for protecting public health.