BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus(CMV)infections in the population are mostly subclinical,inapparent,or latent.However,it is rare in brain tissue.Most reported CMV encephalitis cases were patients with immunodeficiency.The d...BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus(CMV)infections in the population are mostly subclinical,inapparent,or latent.However,it is rare in brain tissue.Most reported CMV encephalitis cases were patients with immunodeficiency.The diagnosis and detection rate of CMV encephalitis in patients with normal immune function needs to be further improved.CASE SUMMARY An 86-year-old male was admitted due to a sudden onset of unconsciousness for 3 h.The patient developed status epilepticus and was relieved after antiepileptic treatment.Encephalitis was considered due to the high signals of diffusionweighted imaging sequences in the right central region by magnetic resonance imaging.Metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)of blood and cerebrospinal fluid revealed CMV,with unique reads number being 614 and 1,respectively.Simultaneous quantitative PCR results showed CMV positive in blood samples and negative in cerebrospinal fluid samples.The patient was finally diagnosed as CMV encephalitis with status epilepticus.After the antiviral,hormonal,andγ-globulin pulse therapy,the patient’s condition improved,and he was finally discharged.CONCLUSION mNGS could be a reliable approach for the diagnosis of CMV encephalitis,with high efficiency,sensitivity,and specificity.展开更多
Human infection with Chlamydia psittaci is rare but difficult to recognize.We report an outbreak of psittacosis among poultry processing workers in China.We applied metagenomic next-generation sequencing and identifie...Human infection with Chlamydia psittaci is rare but difficult to recognize.We report an outbreak of psittacosis among poultry processing workers in China.We applied metagenomic next-generation sequencing and identified Chlamydia psittaci reads from samples of all seven patients,four of which were subsequently confirmed by PCR.Epidemiological results suggested that the poultry processed in the factory was the possible source of human infection.展开更多
Backgrounds Various models have been applied to predict the trend of the epidemic since the outbreak of COVID-19.Methods:In this study,we designed a dynamic graph model,not for precisely predicting the number of infec...Backgrounds Various models have been applied to predict the trend of the epidemic since the outbreak of COVID-19.Methods:In this study,we designed a dynamic graph model,not for precisely predicting the number of infected cases,but for a glance of the dynamics under a public epidemic emergency situation and of different contributing factors・Results^We demonstrated the impact of asymptomatic transmission in this outbreak and showed the effectiveness of city lockdown to halt virus spread within a city.We further illustrated that sudden emergence of a large number of cases could overwhelm the city medical system,and external medical aids are critical to not only containing the further spread of the virus but also reducing fatality.Conclusions Our model simulation showed that highly populated modern cities are particularly vulnerable and lessons learned in China could facilitate other countries to plan the proactive and decisive actions・We shall pay close attention to the asymptomatic transmission being suggested by rapidly accumulating evidence as dramatic changes in quarantine protocol are required to contain SARS・CoV・2 from spreading globally.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus(CMV)infections in the population are mostly subclinical,inapparent,or latent.However,it is rare in brain tissue.Most reported CMV encephalitis cases were patients with immunodeficiency.The diagnosis and detection rate of CMV encephalitis in patients with normal immune function needs to be further improved.CASE SUMMARY An 86-year-old male was admitted due to a sudden onset of unconsciousness for 3 h.The patient developed status epilepticus and was relieved after antiepileptic treatment.Encephalitis was considered due to the high signals of diffusionweighted imaging sequences in the right central region by magnetic resonance imaging.Metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)of blood and cerebrospinal fluid revealed CMV,with unique reads number being 614 and 1,respectively.Simultaneous quantitative PCR results showed CMV positive in blood samples and negative in cerebrospinal fluid samples.The patient was finally diagnosed as CMV encephalitis with status epilepticus.After the antiviral,hormonal,andγ-globulin pulse therapy,the patient’s condition improved,and he was finally discharged.CONCLUSION mNGS could be a reliable approach for the diagnosis of CMV encephalitis,with high efficiency,sensitivity,and specificity.
文摘Human infection with Chlamydia psittaci is rare but difficult to recognize.We report an outbreak of psittacosis among poultry processing workers in China.We applied metagenomic next-generation sequencing and identified Chlamydia psittaci reads from samples of all seven patients,four of which were subsequently confirmed by PCR.Epidemiological results suggested that the poultry processed in the factory was the possible source of human infection.
基金This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFC0910400,2017YFC0907500,and 2018ZX10302205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61702406,3161372,31701739 and 8191101420)+1 种基金the"World-Class Universities and the Characteristic Development Guidance Funds for the Central Universities",Xi'an Jiaotong University Basic Research and Profession Grant(No.xtr022019003)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2017SHZDZX01).
文摘Backgrounds Various models have been applied to predict the trend of the epidemic since the outbreak of COVID-19.Methods:In this study,we designed a dynamic graph model,not for precisely predicting the number of infected cases,but for a glance of the dynamics under a public epidemic emergency situation and of different contributing factors・Results^We demonstrated the impact of asymptomatic transmission in this outbreak and showed the effectiveness of city lockdown to halt virus spread within a city.We further illustrated that sudden emergence of a large number of cases could overwhelm the city medical system,and external medical aids are critical to not only containing the further spread of the virus but also reducing fatality.Conclusions Our model simulation showed that highly populated modern cities are particularly vulnerable and lessons learned in China could facilitate other countries to plan the proactive and decisive actions・We shall pay close attention to the asymptomatic transmission being suggested by rapidly accumulating evidence as dramatic changes in quarantine protocol are required to contain SARS・CoV・2 from spreading globally.
