An efficient and universal protoplast-based transient gene expression system for genome editing in Brassica crops

Protoplast-based transient gene expression system has been widely used in plant genome editing because of its simple operation and less time-consuming.In order to establish a universal protoplast-based transient transfection system for verifying activities of genome editing vectors containing targets in Brassica,we systematically optimized factors affecting protoplast isolation and transient gene expression.We established an efficient protoplast-based transient gene expression system(PTGE)in Chinese cabbage,achieving high protoplast yield of 4.9×10^(5)·g^(-1)FW,viability over 95%,and transfection efficiency of 76%.We showed for the first time that pretreatment of protoplasts with a hypotonic MMG could significantly enhance the transfection efficiency.Furthermore,protoplasts incubated at 37℃ for 6 min improved the transfection efficiency to 86%.We also demonstrated that PTGE worked well(more than 50%transfection efficiency)in multiple Brassica species including cabbage,Pak Choi,Chinese kale,and turnip.Finally,PTGE was used for validating the activities of CRISPR/Cas9 vectors containing targets in Chinese cabbage,cabbage,and pak choi,demonstrating the broad applicability of the established PTGE for genome editing in Brassica crops.

Constructing an effective evaluation system to identify doctors’research capabilities

1|INTRODUCTION The events of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic have emphasized the indispensable role of doctors in promoting public health and well-being[1].Although medicine and health care are being transformed by technological advances,such as artificial intelligence,big data,genomics,precision medicine,and telemedicine,doctors continue to play a critical role in providing health care.

Several pragmatic techniques for harmony of English teaching

A few problems affecting harmonious English teaching exist in both linguistic and non-linguistic aspects at present. Several pragmatic techniques, including individuality, flexibility, the concept of ＂One for all, and all for one＂ are suggested on a trial basis in this paper.

China's Energy Law Drafted to Cope with Severe Energy Situation

To implement the decision of the State Council, State Energy Office, National Development and Reform Commission and Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council held a joint conference in Beijing early this year to establish a drafting team of the Energy Law. As a result, the program of drafting China＇s Energy Law was unveiled.

Effects of Big Five, HEXACO, and Dark Triad on Counterproductive Work Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis

Purpose:This study investigates the effects of Big Five,HEXACO,and Dark Triad personality traits on counter-productive work behaviors(CWBs),and examines the moderating effects of countries where the studies were car-ried out,gender rate of samples,and scales used to measure personalities.Method:Following the rules of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA),we include 74 empirical studies published between 2007 and September 2022 with 83 samples and 394 correlations.Studies are selected from both English databases such as Web of Science and Chinese databases such as CNKI.The meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis were both performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis(CMA)program,version 3.7.Results:Although emotionality is irrelevant to CWBs,other Big Five,HEXACO,and Dark Triad personality factors are all significant predictors of CWBs.The effect of Dark Triad(ρ=0.412)is stronger than that of Big Five(ρ=−0.176)and HEXACO(ρ=−0.221).Gender negatively moderates the positive relationship between Dark Triad traits(total and subdimensions)and CWBs.The moderating effects of countries and scales are only signif-icant for very few personalities.Conclusion:Personality traits are important antecedents of CWBs,and gender ratio plays a role as moderator for some personality traits.We propose that organizations should pay more atten-tion to the mental health of employees and future studies could investigate other types of characteristics and moderators.

Research Performance Assessment Based on T-Indicator

A novel indicator named after Tianjin University (TJU)-T-indicator-was investigated as an effective supplement of established Article Assessment System of Tianjin University, aiming to correct differences among fields. Based on normalized citation counts, T-indicator could give the order of research performance of researchers or groups in different disciplines. Weighted citation analysis was also introduced in this method to judge the contribution of researchers to their research outcomes. A given example was used to thoroughly discuss this evaluation method, via the application of derivative indices, including Tyear, Taverage, Ttotal and weighted-Ttotal.

Improvement of English language teachers＇ roles in China

Improvement of English language teachers＇ roles in China seems to be of great importance for future sustainable development. First, teachers ought to shift their functions from being authoritative instructors to becoming practical advisors. Good English instructions are supposed to be accompanied with reasonable advice. Second, teachers should learn to be autonomous managers with their own ways of designing academic administration. Besides, teachers and students are like co-actors of a certain drama, acting simultaneously on the stage. They ought to be good academic partners.

The Standardard System of Famous Enterprise—Tsingtao Brewery No.5 Co., Ltd.

Tsingtao Beer has a history of more than 100 years, which is famous home andabroad for its white and fine foam, glittering & translucent appearance and its mellow taste. From1963 to 1995, Tsingtao Beer had got many national quanlity gold medals. In 1991, she got the firstname ''Ten Nationally Famous Trademarks''; in 1981 and 1985, she won the champion twice atInternational Wine Meeting held in Washington; in 1987, the company got the gold medal for qualityat Mississippi Internatinal Wine Meeting; and in 1991, she got the gold medal of the internationalexposition in Brussels Belgium. Tsingtao Brewery No.5 Co., Ltd. known as a subsidiary, is whollyowned by the Tsingtao Beer Group Company. The quality of Tsingtao Beer meets national standard andTsingtao inner-controled standard, and the products are sold well domestically and exported toEurope and Southeast Asia. They are welcome by customers all over the world.

An Event Study of Pre and Post Bonus Announcement for Position Investors

Bonus announcement is often seen as a profitable strategy for intra-day trading;to know how useful it can be for position(long-term)investors this study is conducted.30 companies were chosen randomly and a two-tail t-test is conducted.Considering the p-value of each company at 5%level of significance we found out the number of companies which have given positive numbers for position investors.A generalization method has also been used to see the overall applicability of the study.Reflecting individual companies fewer number showed positive results after a period of 30 days but using the generalization technique the study proved to be significant.There are certain limitations to the study as well including non-consideration of any other event which might have taken place,bearing in mind only NSE and BSE and also it includes companies which have made an announcement in the past three years.

Investigation of one-lung ventilation postoperative cognitive dysfunction and regional cerebral oxygen saturation relations

Objective： To explore the relationship of postoperative cognitive dysfunction （POCD） in one-lung ventilation （OLV） patients and regional cerebral oxygen saturation （rSO2）. Methods： Twenty-nine male and twenty-one female cases of OLV received thoracic surgery, with American Standards Association （ASA） physical status being at Grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ. Neuropsychological tests were performed on the day before operation and 7 d after operation, and there was an intraoperative continuous monitoring of rSO2. The values of rSO2 before anesthesia induction （t1）, at the beginning of OLV （t2）, and at the time of OLV 30 min （t3）, OLV 60 min （t4）, the end of OLV （t5）, and the end of surgery （t6） were recorded. The intraoperative average of rSO2 （ rSO2 ）, the intraoperative minimum value of rSO2 （rSO2, rn=n）, and the reduced maximum percentage of rSO2 （rSO2, %max） when compared with the baseline value were calculated. The volume of blood loss, urine output, and the amount of fluid infusion was recorded. Results： A total of 14 patients （28%） in the 50 cases suffered from POCD. The values of mini-mental state examination （MMSE）, the digit span and the digit symbol on the 7th day after the operation for POCD in OLV patients were found to be significantly lower than those before the operation （P〈0.05）. The values of MMSE and vocabulary fluency scores were significantly lower than those in the non-POCD group （P〈0.05）. The values of rSO2 in the POCD group of OLV patients at t2 and t3 and the values of rSO2 in the non-POCD group at t2 were found to be significantly higher than those at tl （P〈0.05）. The values of rSO2, %max in the POCD group were significantly higher than those in the non-POCD group （P〈0.05）. When the value of rSO2, %max is more than 10.1%, it may act as an early warning index for cognitive function changes, Conclusions： POCD after OLV may be associated with a decline in rSO2.

Analysis of the Impacts of Work,Non-Work and Stress Issues on the Work Family Conflict in Ivorian Industrial Sector

This paper analyzes the perceptions that workers in the Ivorian industrial sector have as the interface between their professional and personal life,and the factors that facilitate or make it difficult.Data collected from 4 Ivorian industrial companies which represent a sample of 187 respondents according to the selection criteria.These collected data make it possible to identify the factors which act on the labor conflict towards the family as well as the factors which act on the family conflict towards the work within the industrial sector in Cte d'Ivoire.The results of the correlation coefficients show that the relationships between the proposed variables are significant and in the direction suggested for the most part,thus providing support for nine of the ten hypotheses affecting these relationships.According to some results obtained,it was discovered that certain factors could be at the same time,factors of conflict and satisfaction,such as the commitment to work or the nature of the work.These variables can simultaneously increase stress,and increase the self-esteem of the worker.The results of the analysis of the proposed model recommend the possibility that the data fit the model well,explaining the impacts of work,non-work and stressors on work-family conflict.This indicates that the proposed model is adapted to the Ivorian context.

Prediction of chilling damage risk in maize growth period based on probabilistic neural network approach

Low temperature chilling damage is one of the most serious disasters in maize production,which is a typical non-linear complex issue with numerous influencing factors and strong uncertainty.How to predict it is not only a hot theoretical research topic,but also an urgent practical problem to be solved.However,most of the current researches are focusing on post-disaster static descriptive assessment rather than pre-disaster dynamic predictive analysis,resulting in the problems such as no indicative result and low accuracy.In this study,the satisfaction rate of environmental accumulated temperature for maize production was used to measure the chilling damage risk,and a model for maize chilling damage risk prediction based on probabilistic neural network was constructed.The model was composed of input layer,pattern layer,summation layer and output layer.The obtained results showed that the prediction accuracy for the most serious risk level was as high as 0.91,and the rates of the Type I Error and Type II Error made by the model were 0.1 and 0.09,respectively.This indicated that the model employed was promising with good performance.The results of this research are of both theoretical significance for providing a new reference method of pre-disaster prediction to study maize chilling disaster risk and practical significance for reducing maize production risk and ensuring yield safety.