Understanding the catalysis of chromium trioxide added magnesium hydride for hydrogen storage and Li ion battery applications

This study explores how the chemical interaction between magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))and the additive CrO_(3) influences the hydrogen/lithium storage characteristics of MgH_(2).We have observed that a 5 wt.%CrO_(3) additive reduces the dehydrogenation activation energy of MgH_(2) by 68 kJ/mol and lowers the required dehydrogenation temperature by 80℃.CrO_(3) added MgH_(2) was also tested as an anode in an Li ion battery,and it is possible to deliver over 90%of the total theoretical capacity(2038 mAh/g).Evidence for improved reversibility in the battery reaction is found only after the incorporation of additives with MgH_(2).In depth characterization study by X-ray diffraction(XRD)technique provides convincing evidence that the CrO_(3) additive interacts with MgH_(2) and produces Cr/MgO byproducts.Gibbs free energy analyses confirm the thermodynamic feasibility of conversion from MgH_(2)/CrO_(3) to MgO/Cr,which is well supported by the identification of Cr(0)in the powder by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)technique.Through high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)we found evidence for the presence of 5 nm size Cr nanocrystals on the surface of MgO rock salt nanoparticles.There is also convincing ground to consider that MgO rock salt accommodates Cr in the lattice.These observations support the argument that creation of active metal–metal dissolved rock salt oxide interface may be vital for improving the reactivity of MgH_(2),both for the improved storage of hydrogen and lithium.

Mechanical stimulation devices formechanobiology studies:a market,literature,and patents review

Significant advancements in various research and technological fields have contributed to remarkable findings on the physiological dynamics of the human body.Tomore closely mimic the complex physiological environment,research has moved from two-dimensional(2D)culture systems to more sophisticated three-dimensional(3D)dynamic cultures.Unlike bioreactors or microfluidic-based culture models,cells are typically seeded on polymeric substrates or incorporated into 3D constructs which are mechanically stimulated to investigate cell response to mechanical stresses,such as tensile or compressive.This review focuses on the working principles of mechanical stimulation devices currently available on the market or custom-built by research groups or protected by patents and highlights the main features still open to improvement.These are the features which could be focused on to perform,in the future,more reliable and accurate mechanobiology studies.

一种新型音乐速度谱图的生成算法

音乐速度谱图是基于内容的音乐信息检索研究领域的一种中间层次的重要的特征信息,广泛应用于音乐速度估计、节拍跟踪、节奏识别等.本文提出一种新型音乐速度谱图生成算法,该算法首先基于音乐速度创建母原子,构成冗余字典,然后运用匹配追踪算法计算音乐速度的系数,生成音乐速度谱图.该算法生成的音乐速度谱图相对现有的自相关函数法和傅里叶变换法具有更高的音乐速度分辨率、更强的稀疏性.最后分析了该算法的特性,并运用一个简单示例说明了算法的应用.

泥沙对磷的吸附及解吸研究进展

文章对近年来国内外有关磷在泥沙中的吸附及解吸研究作了总结,主要从泥沙吸附机制、数学模拟在吸附及解吸中的应用、磷在泥沙中吸附及解吸的影响因素3个方面阐述了泥沙与磷的相互关系,并指出了现有研究的不足,提出了未来的发展方向。

新型社交媒体与讲好中国故事——以高校学生工作微信公众平台为例

习近平总书记在十九大报告中再次强调要坚定文化自信。作为高校,肩负着坚定文化自信,传播中国特色社会主义文化的职责与使命。贯彻和落实十九大精神,不仅在课堂主阵地讲好中国故事,而且更要借助于90后在校大学生喜爱的新型社交媒体讲好中国故事。高校学生工作微信公众平台是借助于新型社交媒体开展思想政治教育的重要载体,要充分利用好这一平台,讲好中国故事,传播正能量,培育和弘扬社会主义核心价值观,以使文化自信与价值自信融入大学生的血脉,持久深入地影响他们的成长。

黑砷磷室温太赫兹探测器

由于太赫兹波与众多物质之间存在着丰富的相互作用,太赫兹技术在众多领域均有应用需求。因此,基于独特物理机制和优异材料特性的高灵敏度、便携式太赫兹探测器的研制刻不容缓。黑砷磷是一种新型二维材料,其带隙和输运特性随化学组分可调,在光电探测领域被广泛关注。目前基于黑砷磷的研究集中在红外探测方面,而对于太赫兹探测的应用未见报道。本文介绍了一种基于黑砷磷的天线耦合太赫兹探测器。实验结果表明,在探测过程中存在两种不同的探测机制,并且两者之间存在竞争关系。通过改变黑砷磷的化学组分可以定制不同的探测机制,使其达到最优响应性能。在平衡材料带隙和载流子迁移率的情况下,探测器实现了室温下对0.37 THz电磁波的灵敏探测,其电压响应度和噪声等效功率分别为28.23 V/W和0.53 nW/Hz1/2。

分散液相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定环境水样中5种芳香胺的含量

向5mL水样中加入0.1g NaCl,溶解后加入50μL三氯甲烷(萃取剂)和300μL丙酮(分散剂),以4 000r·min-1的转速离心2min。采用气相色谱-质谱法测定所得有机相中5种芳香胺的含量,以内标法定量。结果表明:5种芳香胺的质量浓度在一定范围内与其峰面积与内标的峰面积的比值呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.000 1～0.001 5mg·L-1。以实际空白水样为基体进行加标回收试验,回收率为94.7%～106%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于5.0%。

六角密排多迭层碳纳米管阴极的大电子发射电流和高电子发射稳定性（英文）

研制了一种六角密排多迭层碳纳米管阴极.在这种结构中,衬底银电极由烧结的银浆制作在透明锡铟氧化物电极上,且具有六角形边缘,相邻衬底银电极交错排列于阴极面板上.用ZnO和SnO_2颗粒作为掺杂材料,在衬底银电极和单一碳纳米管层之间制作了底部混杂层;单一碳纳米管层中的碳纳米管主要被用于发射阴极电子.给出了六角密排多迭层碳纳米管阴极的制作工艺,并研究了六角密排多迭层碳纳米管阴极用于电子源的可行性.将氮气作为保护气体,采用烧结方法除掉制备浆料中的有机粘合剂及其它有机杂质.将六角密排多迭层碳纳米管阴极真空密封进三极场发射显示器中,能够形成稳定的电子发射电流.测试结果表明,与普通碳纳米管阴极相比,六角密排多迭层碳纳米管阴极具有更优的电子发射特性,其开启电场为1.83V/μm,最大电子发射电流为2 718.6μA;且其具有良好的电子发射曲线趋势,当电场强度从2.17V/μm增强到3.06V/μm时,电子发射电流的增幅约为1 410.3μA.对电子发射电流随时间的波动变化进行了测试,测试结果显示六角密排多迭层碳纳米管阴极具有可靠且稳定的电子发射电流.绿色发射图像表明六角密排多迭层碳纳米管阴极具有良好的电子发射均匀性及高的电子发射亮度.鉴于其简单的制作结构和制作工艺,六角密排多迭层碳纳米管阴极具有一定的实际应用性.

Fabrication of ultra-high strength magnesium alloys over 540 MPa with low alloying concentration by double continuously extrusion

We prepare a new type of patented biodegradable biomedical Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr(JDBM)alloy system and impose double continuously extrusion(DCE)processing.The lowest processing temperature is 250℃for JDBM-2.1Nd and 310℃for JDBM-2.8Nd,which increases with the Nd concentration.The highest yield strength of 541 MPa is achieved in JDBM-2.1 Nd samples when extruded at 250℃and the elongation is about 3.7%.Moreover,the alloy with a lower alloying element content can reach a higher yield strength while that with a higher alloying element content can reach a larger elongation after DCE processing.However,when extruded under the same conditions,the alloy with a higher alloying contents exhibits better tensile properties.

High-performance junction field-effect transistor based on black phosphorus/β-Ga2O3 heterostructure

Black phosphorous(BP),an excellent two-dimensional(2D)monoelemental layered p-type semiconductor material with high carrier mobility and thickness-dependent tunable direct bandgap structure,has been widely applied in various devices.As the essential building blocks for modern electronic and optoelectronic devices,high quality PN junctions based on semiconductors have attracted widespread attention.Herein,we report a junction field-effect transistor(JFET)by integrating narrow-gap p-type BP and ultra-wide gap n-typeβ-Ga2O3 nanoflakes for the first time.BP andβ-Ga2O3 form a vertical van der Waals(vdW)heterostructure by mechanically exfoliated method.The BP/β-Ga2O3 vdW heterostructure exhibits remarkable PN diode rectifying characteristics with a high rectifying ratio about 107 and a low reverse current around pA.More interestingly,by using the BP as the gate andβ-Ga2O3 as the channel,the BP/β-Ga2O3 JFET devices demonstrate excellent n-channel JFET characteristics with the on/off ratio as high as 107,gate leakage current around as low as pA,maximum transconductance(gm)up to 25.3μS and saturation drain current(IDSS)of 16.5μA/μm.Moreover,it has a pinch-off voltage of–20 V and a minimum subthreshold swing of 260 mV/dec.These excellent n-channel JFET characteristics will expand the application of BP in future nanoelectronic devices.

浅析传统民居外窗的协调性

针对京郊传统民居协调性改造的特点,在对传统民居围护结构现状调研的基础上,通过对外窗透光材料的光学性能进行测试分析,研发适用的外窗构造和透光材料。探索提高传统民居室内物理环境质量的途径。

国际合作情况下的锂电池的寿命测试程序(英文)

为了满足不同的技术和经济目标,从轻度混合动力、插电式混合动力到全电池动力的电动汽车,都将依赖于新型的、先进的(如基于锂的)蓄电池。这些电池在各种应用条件下的性能预测和寿命表征费工、费时,目前尚未得到充分的发展。一些国家已投入资金和人力进行相关的研究,其实通过国际合作,这些努力和花费也许能发挥更大的作用,例如目前正在国际能源机构(The International Energy Agency,IEA)框架内开展的准备工作。正在致力于开发一套标准化的、加速的测试程序,将允许各个测试机构合作分析电池的测量数据。该文评述了欧洲、日本和美国在加速寿命测试程序上的最新进展。以国际合作为目标,搜集、对比和分析现有的测试程序。

Easy preparation of multifunctional ternary PdNiP/C catalysts toward enhanced small organic molecule electro-oxidation and hydrogen evolution reactions

The small organic molecule electro-oxidation(OMEO) and the hydrogen evolution(HER) are two important half-reactions in direct liquid fuel cells(DLFCs) and water electrolyzers,respectively,whose performance is largely hindered by the low activity and poor stability of electrocatalysts.Herein,we demonstrate that a simple phosphorization treatment of commercially available palladium-nickel(PdNi) catalysts results in multifunctional ternary palladium nickel phosphide(PdNiP) catalysts,which exhibit substantially enhanced electrocatalytic activity and stability for HER and OMEO of a number of molecules including formic acid,methanol,ethanol,and ethylene glycol,in acidic and/or alkaline media.The improved performance results from the modification of electronic structure of palladium and nickel by the introduced phosphorus and the enhanced corrosion resistance of PdNiP.The simple phosphorization approach reported here allows for mass production of highly-active OMEO and HER electrocatalysts,holding substantial promise for their large-scale application in direct liquid fuel cells and water electrolyzers.

A Hybrid GA-SQP Algorithm for Analog Circuits Sizing

This study presents a hybrid algorithm obtained by combining a genetic algorithm (GA) with successive quadratic sequential programming (SQP), namely GA-SQP. GA is the main optimizer, whereas SQP is used to refine the results of GA, further improving the solution quality. The problem formulation is done in the framework named RUNE (fRamework for aUtomated aNalog dEsign), which targets solving nonlinear mono-objective and multi-objective optimization problems for analog circuits design. Two circuits are presented: a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and an optical driver (Driver), which are both part of an Optical Network-on-Chip (ONoC). Furthermore, convergence characteristics and robustness of the proposed method have been explored through comparison with results obtained with SQP algorithm. The outcome is very encouraging and suggests that the hybrid proposed method is very efficient in solving analog design problems.

Mixed-Mode Device Modeling of DGMOS RF Oscillators

A Colpitts oscillator, working around a 3 GHz frequency, contains a double gate Metal Oxide Semiconductor transistor (DGMOS). A mixed-mode analysis is involved, applying a quantum model to the device, whereas the rest of the considered circuit is governed by Kirchhoff’s laws. The Linear Time Variant (LTV) model of phase noise is based on the Impulse Sensitivity Function of the Colpitts Oscillator which describes carefully the sensitivity of an oscillator to any impulse current injection in any node of the circuit. Finally, we improve the phase noise modeling, confronting some analytical developments to mixed-mode simulations.

先天性大疱表皮松解症合并感染后肾小球肾炎一例并文献复习

目的分析先天性大疱表皮松解症(EB)合并感染后肾小球肾炎的发病特点,提高临床医生对该疾病的认识。方法对南京总医院肾脏病研究所1例EB合并感染后肾小球肾炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并对相关文献进行复习,分析该特殊人群的发病特点,探讨可能的发病机制。结果本例患者男性,52岁,自幼即反复出现全身皮肤水疱、大疱、出血伴结痂,间断小剂量强的松治疗效果不佳,2月余前因咳嗽就诊发现尿检异常,肾功能正常。本次入院后查抗链球菌溶血素O不高,补体正常,行皮肤活检示鳞状上皮棘层部分区域水肿松解伴水疱形成、免疫荧光全阴性,肾活检示肾小球节段轻度系膜增生性病变伴体积增大、球性废弃,免疫荧光C3+弥漫、IgA+节段呈颗粒状分布于系膜区,电镜见1处系膜旁区见孤立的团块状电子致密物沉积,最终诊断为EB合并感染后肾小球肾炎,经小剂量激素联合雷公藤多苷片及大黄制剂等治疗,患者病情稳定。结论EB患者发生肾损害在临床极为罕见,作为临床医生应加强对EB患者相关尿液及肾功能检查,必要时行肾活检明确诊断为治疗提供依据。

Micro Electrical Discharge Machining(μEDM):Holes Drilling and Characterization of the Process Parameters

μEDM(micro-electrical discharge machining)is a process for machining conductive materials without mechanical contact;it is particularly suitable for machining hard materials.The principle consists in creating electrical discharges between a micro-tool and a workpiece,both of which are immersed in a dielectric.It is a complementary process to mechanical,laser,micro-machining techniques,and even to techniques derived from silicon microtechnology(RIE,DRIE,LIGA).However,the resolution ofμEDM is limited;it depends on several electrical and physical parameters.The goal of this paper is to characterize the holes obtained by drilling usingμEDM with different micro-tool diameters(Φ=250μm;Φ=80μm;Φ=40μm;Φ=20μm)for an experimental time of t=2 h.The results obtained let us conclude that a large diameter micro-tool(Φ=250μm)leads to removing a larger amount of material(43×10^(5)μm^(3))than small diameters:Φ=80μm;Φ=40μm;Φ=20μm where the removed volume is equal to 2.6×10^(5)μm^(3);105μm^(3);0.4×10^(5)μm^(3),respectively.The electrode-tool diameter influences the maximum depth of the holes;a diameter ofΦ=250μm generates a hole where the maximum depth is 170μm while small diameters:Φ=80μm;Φ=40μm;Φ=20μm provide holes with a depth of 82μm;51μm;50μm respectively.Through these experiments,we can also conclude that the lateral gap of the holes is almost constant.It is about 40μm whatever the diameter.

Stable overall water splitting in an asymmetric acid/ alkaline electrolyzer comprising a bipolar membrane sandwiched by bifunctional cobalt-nickel phosphide nanowire electrodes

Water splitting has been proposed to be a promising approach to producing clean hydrogen fuel.The two half-reactions of water splitting,that is,the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER),take place kinetically fast in solutions with completely different pH values.Enabling HER and OER to simultaneously occur under kinetically favorable conditions while using exclusively low-cost,earth-abundant electrocatalysts is highly desirable but remains a challenge.Herein,we demonstrate that using a bipolar membrane(BPM)we can accomplish HER in a strongly acidic solution and OER in a strongly basic solution,with bifunctional self-supported cobaltnickel phosphide nanowire electrodes to catalyze both reactions.Such asymmetric acid/alkaline water electrolysis can be achieved at 1.567 V to deliver a current density of 10 mA/cm2 with ca.100%Faradaic efficiency.Moreover,using an“irregular”BPM with unintentional crossover the voltage needed to afford 10 mA/cm2 can be reduced to 0.847 V,due to the assistance of electrochemical neutralization between acid and alkaline.Furthermore,we show that BPM-based asymmetric water electrolysis can be accomplished in a circulated single-cell electrolyzer delivering 10 mA/cm2 at 1.550 V and splitting water very stably for at least 25 hours,and that water electrolysis is enabled by a solar panel operating at 0.908 V(@13 mA/cm2),using an“irregular”BPM.BPMbased asymmetric water electrolysis is a promising alternative to conventional proton and anion exchange membrane water electrolysis.