Despite its appearance in physics around the 1850th, the second law of thermodynamics is still attracting more efforts to be clarified. More specifically, fifteen years later (1865) after its definition and introducti...Despite its appearance in physics around the 1850th, the second law of thermodynamics is still attracting more efforts to be clarified. More specifically, fifteen years later (1865) after its definition and introduction, entropy has been the subject of various interpretations. Hence, in physical sciences and notably in different education levels, its concept seems to be relatively tough to unambiguous decipher. In this work, we re-introduce the notion of entropy from classical, quantum and information theories viewpoints. The controversial over entropy and a measure of disorder misconception, stated by many scientists, is addressed as well to come up with less confusing physical interpretation of entropy. Hence, over time, an increase of entropy, a quantitative quantity, is most often associated to a rising of disorder, a non-quantitative quantity and no value-returning mathematical equation, rather than a continuously increasing of hidden data. In other words, linking disorder to hidden data is typically raising more confusion than clarification. Here, we shed more light on both concepts to find out an acceptable interpretation of entropy.展开更多
Self‐assembly of semiconducting(macro)molecules enables the development of materials with tailored‐made properties which could be used as active components for optoelectronics applications.Supramolecular nanostructu...Self‐assembly of semiconducting(macro)molecules enables the development of materials with tailored‐made properties which could be used as active components for optoelectronics applications.Supramolecular nanostructures combine the merits of soft matter and crystalline materials:They are flexible yet highly crystalline,and they can be processed with low‐cost solution methods.Photodetectors are devices capable to convert a light input into an electrical signal.To achieve high photoresponse,the photogenerated charge carriers should be transported efficiently through the self‐assembled nanostructures to reach the electrodes;this can be guaranteed via optimalπ–electron overlapping between adjacent conjugated molecules.Moreover,because of the high surface‐to‐bulk ratio,supramolecular nanostructures are prone to enhance exciton dissociation.These qualities make supramolecular nanostructures perfect platforms for photoelectric conversion.This review highlights the most enlightening recent strategies developed for the fabrication of high‐performance photodetectors based on supramolecular nanostructures.We introduce the key figure‐of‐merit parameters and working mechanisms of organic photodetectors based on single components and p–n heterojunctions.In particular,we describe new methods to devise unprecedented planar and vertical devices to ultimately realize highly integrated and flexible photodetectors.The incorporation of ordered mesoscopic supramolecular nanostructures into macroscopic optoelectronic devices will offer great promise for the next generation of multifunctional and multiresponsive devices.展开更多
文摘Despite its appearance in physics around the 1850th, the second law of thermodynamics is still attracting more efforts to be clarified. More specifically, fifteen years later (1865) after its definition and introduction, entropy has been the subject of various interpretations. Hence, in physical sciences and notably in different education levels, its concept seems to be relatively tough to unambiguous decipher. In this work, we re-introduce the notion of entropy from classical, quantum and information theories viewpoints. The controversial over entropy and a measure of disorder misconception, stated by many scientists, is addressed as well to come up with less confusing physical interpretation of entropy. Hence, over time, an increase of entropy, a quantitative quantity, is most often associated to a rising of disorder, a non-quantitative quantity and no value-returning mathematical equation, rather than a continuously increasing of hidden data. In other words, linking disorder to hidden data is typically raising more confusion than clarification. Here, we shed more light on both concepts to find out an acceptable interpretation of entropy.
文摘Self‐assembly of semiconducting(macro)molecules enables the development of materials with tailored‐made properties which could be used as active components for optoelectronics applications.Supramolecular nanostructures combine the merits of soft matter and crystalline materials:They are flexible yet highly crystalline,and they can be processed with low‐cost solution methods.Photodetectors are devices capable to convert a light input into an electrical signal.To achieve high photoresponse,the photogenerated charge carriers should be transported efficiently through the self‐assembled nanostructures to reach the electrodes;this can be guaranteed via optimalπ–electron overlapping between adjacent conjugated molecules.Moreover,because of the high surface‐to‐bulk ratio,supramolecular nanostructures are prone to enhance exciton dissociation.These qualities make supramolecular nanostructures perfect platforms for photoelectric conversion.This review highlights the most enlightening recent strategies developed for the fabrication of high‐performance photodetectors based on supramolecular nanostructures.We introduce the key figure‐of‐merit parameters and working mechanisms of organic photodetectors based on single components and p–n heterojunctions.In particular,we describe new methods to devise unprecedented planar and vertical devices to ultimately realize highly integrated and flexible photodetectors.The incorporation of ordered mesoscopic supramolecular nanostructures into macroscopic optoelectronic devices will offer great promise for the next generation of multifunctional and multiresponsive devices.
