Multi-label dimensionality reduction and classification with extreme learning machines

In the need of some real applications, such as text categorization and image classification, the multi-label learning gradually becomes a hot research point in recent years. Much attention has been paid to the research of multi-label classification algorithms. Considering the fact that the high dimensionality of the multi-label datasets may cause the curse of dimensionality and wil hamper the classification process, a dimensionality reduction algorithm, named multi-label kernel discriminant analysis （MLKDA）, is proposed to reduce the dimensionality of multi-label datasets. MLKDA, with the kernel trick, processes the multi-label integrally and realizes the nonlinear dimensionality reduction with the idea similar with linear discriminant analysis （LDA）. In the classification process of multi-label data, the extreme learning machine （ELM） is an efficient algorithm in the premise of good accuracy. MLKDA, combined with ELM, shows a good performance in multi-label learning experiments with several datasets. The experiments on both static data and data stream show that MLKDA outperforms multi-label dimensionality reduction via dependence maximization （MDDM） and multi-label linear discriminant analysis （MLDA） in cases of balanced datasets and stronger correlation between tags, and ELM is also a good choice for multi-label classification.

Chaos identification based on CMAC with replacing eligibility learning

In the conventional CMAC learning scheme, the correcting amounts of errors are equally distributed into all addressed weight, regardless the temporal credibility of those weights. In order to solve the temporal credit assignment problem of the CMAC, an improved CMAC neural network based on replacing eligibility learning concept was designed. The proposed improved leaning approach uses the replacing eligibility learning concept of the reinforcement learning to improve the prediction capability. The simulations for chaotic system identification show that the improved CMAC neural network is effective.

Core-shell nanostructure of single-wall carbon nanotubes and covalent organic frameworks for supercapacitors

Covalent organic frameworks （COFs） were nano-coated onto single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWCNTs） by in situ polymerization of TpPa-COFs together with SWCNTs under solvotherma] conditions. At the molecular level, the COF/SWCNT interface can be efficiently controlled. Thus, the TpPa-COF-SWCNTs nano-hybrid wire, which combines the excellent conductivity of SWCNTs and the high porosity and good redox activity of TpPa-COFs, was employed as active electrode materials for supercapacitors. The strategy reported in this work can give guidance for the design of other similar COF-based electrodes, and hold a great potential in energy storages

Porous silicon carbide coated with tantalum as potential material for bone implants

Porous silicon carbide(SiC)has a specific biomorphous microstructure similar to the trabecular microstructure of human bone.Compared with that of bioactive ceramics,such as calcium phosphate,SiC does not induce spontaneous interface bonding to living bone.In this study,bioactive tantalum(Ta)metal deposited on porous SiC scaffolds by chemical vapour deposition was investigated to accelerate osseointegration and improve the bonding to bones.Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the Ta coating evenly covered the entire scaffold structure.Energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the coating consisted of Ta phases.The bonding strength between the Ta coating and the SiC substrate is 88.4MPa.The yield strength of porous SiC with a Ta coating(pTa)was 45.862.9MPa,the compressive strength was 61.463.2MPa and the elasticmodulus was4.8GPa.When MG-63 human osteoblasts were co-cultured with pTa,osteoblasts showed good adhesion and spreading on the surface of the pTa and its porous structure,which showed that it has excellent bioactivity and cyto-compatibility.To further study the osseointegration properties of pTa.PTa and porous titanium(pTi)were implanted into the femoral neck of goats for 12weeks,respectively.The Van-Gieson staining of histological sections results that the pTa group had better osseointegration than the pTi group.These results indicate that coating bioactive Ta metal on porous SiC scaffolds could be a potential material for bone substitutes.

Evaluation of the performance of Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite(CDHA)/MgF_(2)bilayer coating on biodegradable high-purity magnesium in a femoral condyle defect model in rabbits

The two most critical factors in promoting the clinical translation of magnesium(Mg)are reducing its degradation rate and improving its osteogenesis.In this study,a Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite(CDHA)/MgF_(2)bilayer coating was prepared on high-purity magnesium(HP Mg)rods by fluorination and hydrothermal treatment.Scanning electron microscope showed that the thickness of the bilayer coating was 3.78 lm and that the surface morphology was nanoscale.In an in vivo experiment on femoral condyle defects in rabbits,the serum magnesium ion levels of rabbits were always in the normal range after surgery,and the liver and kidney functions were not abnormal,which indicated that the CDHA/MgF_(2)bilayer coating has good biosafety.Micro-CT showed that the CDHA/MgF_(2)bilayer coating significantly reduced the degradation rate of the HP Mg rods and enhanced the promotion of bone formation.Hard tissue sections showed that the CDHA/MgF_(2)bilayer coating gave the bone tissue a tight contact interface with the HP Mg rod and improved the bone mass.Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and BMP-2 was more obvious.These results confirm that the CDHA/MgF_(2)bilayer coating can improve the properties of HP Mg and provide a basis for the further transformation of HP Mg in the future.It also provides a new reference for the surface modification of magnesiummetal.

Potassium sodium tartrate-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of BaLuFs ：Yb3＋/Er3＋ nanocrystals

Highly-dispersed BaLuFs：yb3＋/Er3＋ nanocrystals were prepared by a facile potassium sodium tartrate- assisted hydrothermal method. The average particle size was approximately 20-25 nm. The formation mechanism is discussed. Potassium sodium tartrate led to form a complex with an approximately three- dimensional network structure, which insured largely concurrent nucleation. As a result, we acquired uniform nanoparticles. The hydrothermal temperature, holding time, and pH value were important fac- tors affecting the formation of the BaLuF5 ：yb3＋/Er3＋ nanocrystals. We investigated their influence on the formation and realized the optimal reaction parameters. Remarkably, potassium sodium tartrate also con- tributed to the biocompatibility and potential biomedical applications of BaLuFs ：Yb3＋/Er3＋ nanocrystals by decomposing into small organic groups attached to the nanoparticles.