Acquired resistance formation limits the efficacy of anti-cancer therapies.Acquired and intrinsic resistance differ conceptually.Acquired resistance is the consequence of directed evolution,whereas intrinsic resistanc...Acquired resistance formation limits the efficacy of anti-cancer therapies.Acquired and intrinsic resistance differ conceptually.Acquired resistance is the consequence of directed evolution,whereas intrinsic resistance depends on the(stochastic)presence of pre-existing resistance mechanisms.Preclinical model systems are needed to study acquired drug resistance because they enable:(1)in depth functional studies;(2)the investigation of non-standard treatments for a certain disease condition(which is necessary to identify small groups of responders);and(3)the comparison of multiple therapies in the same system.Hence,they complement data derived from clinical trials and clinical specimens,including liquid biopsies.Many groups have successfully used drug-adapted cancer cell lines to identify and elucidate clinically relevant resistance mechanisms to targeted and cytotoxic anti-cancer drugs.Hence,we argue that drug-adapted cancer cell lines represent a preclinical model system in their own right that is complementary to other preclinical model systems and clinical data.展开更多
Routine microbial inactivation procedures used in microbiology laboratories must be verified.In this study,the efficacy of surface disinfection using 70%Isopropanol,0.45%Presept,and 1%Virkon was tested against 24 bact...Routine microbial inactivation procedures used in microbiology laboratories must be verified.In this study,the efficacy of surface disinfection using 70%Isopropanol,0.45%Presept,and 1%Virkon was tested against 24 bacterial strains commonly handled in aquaculture microbiology laboratories.Isopropanol was ineffective against Nocardia asteroides NCIMB 1290,while Virkon was not effective against Aeromonas eucrenophila NCIMB 74 or Pediococcus acidilacti R52037.展开更多
Due to a confusion the discussion contains an error.Pediococcus acidila was inactivated by Isoprapnol,and Nocardia asteroides was inactivated by Virkon.The reference to the butanol production of Pediococcus acidila as...Due to a confusion the discussion contains an error.Pediococcus acidila was inactivated by Isoprapnol,and Nocardia asteroides was inactivated by Virkon.The reference to the butanol production of Pediococcus acidila as an explanation of its resistance to Isopropanol and to catalase in Nocardia asteroides as an explanation for its resistance to Virkon are therefore erroneous.The author apologizes for the errors.展开更多
文摘Acquired resistance formation limits the efficacy of anti-cancer therapies.Acquired and intrinsic resistance differ conceptually.Acquired resistance is the consequence of directed evolution,whereas intrinsic resistance depends on the(stochastic)presence of pre-existing resistance mechanisms.Preclinical model systems are needed to study acquired drug resistance because they enable:(1)in depth functional studies;(2)the investigation of non-standard treatments for a certain disease condition(which is necessary to identify small groups of responders);and(3)the comparison of multiple therapies in the same system.Hence,they complement data derived from clinical trials and clinical specimens,including liquid biopsies.Many groups have successfully used drug-adapted cancer cell lines to identify and elucidate clinically relevant resistance mechanisms to targeted and cytotoxic anti-cancer drugs.Hence,we argue that drug-adapted cancer cell lines represent a preclinical model system in their own right that is complementary to other preclinical model systems and clinical data.
文摘Routine microbial inactivation procedures used in microbiology laboratories must be verified.In this study,the efficacy of surface disinfection using 70%Isopropanol,0.45%Presept,and 1%Virkon was tested against 24 bacterial strains commonly handled in aquaculture microbiology laboratories.Isopropanol was ineffective against Nocardia asteroides NCIMB 1290,while Virkon was not effective against Aeromonas eucrenophila NCIMB 74 or Pediococcus acidilacti R52037.
文摘Due to a confusion the discussion contains an error.Pediococcus acidila was inactivated by Isoprapnol,and Nocardia asteroides was inactivated by Virkon.The reference to the butanol production of Pediococcus acidila as an explanation of its resistance to Isopropanol and to catalase in Nocardia asteroides as an explanation for its resistance to Virkon are therefore erroneous.The author apologizes for the errors.
