An endophyte is a fungus or bacterium that lives within a plant in a symbiotic relationship.Extensive colonization of the plant tissue by endophytes creates a barrier effect,where they outcompete and prevent pathogen...An endophyte is a fungus or bacterium that lives within a plant in a symbiotic relationship.Extensive colonization of the plant tissue by endophytes creates a barrier effect,where they outcompete and prevent pathogenic organisms from taking hold.This happens by producing secondary metabolites that inhibit the growth of the competitors or pathogens.In this way they play a very important role in the plant defence mechanisms.The metabolites produced by these endophytes fall within a wide range of classes of compounds that include peptides which are the focus of this review.Peptides are increasingly being selected for drug development because they are specific for their targets and have a higher degree of interactions.There have been quite a number of endophytic peptides reported in the recent past indicating that endophytes can be used for the production of peptide based drugs.Molecular screening for NRPS,which shows peptide producing capability,has also shown that endophytes are potential producers of peptides.The presence of NRPS also offers the possibility of genetic modifications which may generate peptides with high pharmacological activities.This review,therefore,aims to show the current status of peptides isolated from endophytic bacteria and fungi in the recent decade.Endophytes as potential sources of peptides according to NRPS studies will also be discussed.展开更多
The addition of electrons to form gas-phase multiply charged anions(MCAs)normally requires sophisticated experiments or calculations.In this work,the factors stabilizing the MCAs,the maximum electron uptake of gas-pha...The addition of electrons to form gas-phase multiply charged anions(MCAs)normally requires sophisticated experiments or calculations.In this work,the factors stabilizing the MCAs,the maximum electron uptake of gas-phase molecules,X,and the electronic stability of MCAs X^(Q-),are discussed.The drawbacks encountered when applying computational and/or conceptual density functional theory(DFT)to MCAs are highlighted.We develop and test a different model based on the valence-state concept.As in DFT,the electronic energy,E(N,v_(ex)),is a continuous function of the average electron number,N,and the external potential,v_(ex),of the nuclei.The valence-state-parabola is a second-order polynomial that allows extending E(N,v_(ex))to dianions and higher MCAs.The model expresses the maximum electron acceptance,Q_(max),and the higher electron affinities,A_Q,as simple functions of the firstelectron affinity,A_1,and the ionization energy,I,of the"ancestor"system.Thus,the maximum electron acceptance is Q_(max,calc)=1+12A_1/7(I-A_1).The ground-state parabola model of the conceptual DFT yields approximately half of this value,and it is termed Q_(max,GS)=?+A_1/(I-A_1).A large variety of molecules are evaluated including fullerenes,metal clusters,super-pnictogens,super-halogens(OF_3),super-alkali species(OLi_3),and neutral or charged transition-metal complexes,AB_(m )L_n^(0/+/-).The calculated second electron affinity A_(2,calc)=A_1-(7/12)(I-A_1)is linearly correlated to the literature references A_(2,lit) with a correlation coefficient R=0.998.A_2 or A_3 values are predicted for further 24 species.The appearance sizes,n_(ap)^(3-),of triply charged anionic clusters and fullerenes are calculated in agreement with the literature.展开更多
LAS degradation rate in Donghu Lake water under aerobic was much faster than under anaerobic condition . The half life of LAS in aerobic and anaerobic environment was 3.2 days and 57 days, respectively . The degradati...LAS degradation rate in Donghu Lake water under aerobic was much faster than under anaerobic condition . The half life of LAS in aerobic and anaerobic environment was 3.2 days and 57 days, respectively . The degradation rate at 25-27℃was approximately 20 times higher than that at 1.5-3.5℃.In a laboratory model aquatic ecosystem, two stages of bioconcentration in fish , daphnia and snail were observed . The first stage , on second day exposure , resulted from accumulation of intact LAS , and the second stage , on 16th day exposure , was due to metabolites . The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of LAS was extremely low in the muscle of hybrid carp (0.64), but rather high (2485) in the gall bladder .展开更多
The molecular structures of three ethylanilines,ortho-,meta-and para-ethylaniline,have been obtained by means of Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy.Rotational spectra of all three molecules display the nuclear q...The molecular structures of three ethylanilines,ortho-,meta-and para-ethylaniline,have been obtained by means of Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy.Rotational spectra of all three molecules display the nuclear quadrupole hyperfine structures arising from the 14N nucleus.Comparison of the determined structures allows a direct study of the influence of the position of the ethyl substituent on the structure of the amino group communicated through the phenyl ring.展开更多
La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ (LSM) perovskite was synthesized using different methods, such as solid state reaction, soft-chemical and sol-gel methods for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for use as a cathode material. The pristin...La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ (LSM) perovskite was synthesized using different methods, such as solid state reaction, soft-chemical and sol-gel methods for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for use as a cathode material. The pristine material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction results show that the pure phase of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ (LSM) perovskite was formed at 1250oC. Scanning electron microscopy characterization shows that a highly porous material can be obtained using a soft-chemical method with different 3,3’,3”-nitrilotripropionic acid ( NTP) to metal-ion ratio R.展开更多
Homogeneous monolith of A1PO4 gel doped with rhodamine 6G （Rh6G） at different dye loadings is prepared by a one-step process with sol-gel method using the precursors A1（lact）3 and H3PO4. The optical properties of ...Homogeneous monolith of A1PO4 gel doped with rhodamine 6G （Rh6G） at different dye loadings is prepared by a one-step process with sol-gel method using the precursors A1（lact）3 and H3PO4. The optical properties of A1PO4 gel doped with Rh6G are characterized by UV-Visible absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra. Rh6G molecular J-dimers and H-dimers even multimers are analyzed by excitation spectra based on exciton theory. The A1PO4 gel doped with Rh6G dye with molar ratio of Rh6G/A1（lact）3 of 1 × 10-4 has excellent optical properties without obvious aggregates.展开更多
The effects of temperature and multifunctional sodium carboxylate additives on the phase composition and morphology of calcium oxalate (CaOxa) crystals grown in silica gel sys-tem were systematically investigated usin...The effects of temperature and multifunctional sodium carboxylate additives on the phase composition and morphology of calcium oxalate (CaOxa) crystals grown in silica gel sys-tem were systematically investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR). The sodium carboxylates in-vestigated include: monocarboxylate sodium acetate (NaAc), disodium tartrate (Na2tart), triso-dium citrate (Na3cit), and the disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na2edta). The temperature range was from 7℃ to 67℃. The crystallization temperature affects the phase compositions, the growth rate, and the morphology of CaOxa. First, the logarithm of the per-centage of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) formed at a certain temperature (T) is proportional to the reciprocal of temperature (1/T). Second, the weight of CaOxa crystals decreases as de-creasing the temperature. At a given temperature, the ability of the sodium carboxylates to in-duce COD follows the order: Na2edta > Na3cit > Na2tart >> NaAc. Third, the multicarboxylates can decrease the surface area of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM). It makes the edges and tips of COM crystals blunt and oval. All the three changes, an increase of the content of COD, a decrease of the weight of CaOxa crystals, and a decrease of the surface area of COM crystals, can inhibit the formation of CaOxa stones. These results support the clinical use of citrates and may be helpful in elucidating the mechanisms of the formation of CaOxa calculus.展开更多
Bacterial infection and osteogenic integration are the two main problems that cause severe complications after surgeries. In this study, the antibacterial and osteogenic properties were simultaneously introduced in bi...Bacterial infection and osteogenic integration are the two main problems that cause severe complications after surgeries. In this study, the antibacterial and osteogenic properties were simultaneously introduced in biomaterials, where copper nanoparticles(Cu NPs) were generated by in situ reductions of Cu ions into a mussel-inspired hyperbranched polyglycerol(MI-h PG) coating via a simple dip-coating method.This hyperbranched polyglycerol with 10 % catechol groups’ modification presents excellent antifouling property, which could effectively reduce bacteria adhesion on the surface. In this work, polycaprolactone(PCL) electrospun fiber membrane was selected as the substrate, which is commonly used in biomedical implants in bone regeneration and cardiovascular stents because of its good biocompatibility and easy post-modification. The as-fabricated Cu NPs-incorporated PCL membrane [PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs]was confirmed with effective antibacterial performance via in vitro antibacterial tests against Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus), Escherichia coli(E. coli), and multi-resistant E. coli. In addition, the in vitro results demonstrated that osteogenic property of PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs was realized by upregulating the osteoblast-related gene expressions and protein activity. This study shows that antibacterial and osteogenic properties can be balanced in a surface coating by introducing Cu NPs.展开更多
Multiple procedures of liver transplantation bring conditions producing cold ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury. During cold storage, the graft organ is subjected to cold ischemia, also known as hypoxia injury. Afte...Multiple procedures of liver transplantation bring conditions producing cold ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury. During cold storage, the graft organ is subjected to cold ischemia, also known as hypoxia injury. After reperfusion, although hypoxic condition has been ameliorated, reoxygenation of the graft liver can produce not only reperfusion injury including generation of oxygen free radical, lipoperoxidation and calcium overload, but also aggravate the hypoxia damage,展开更多
The review presents an overview of studies in the surface science of oxide and related surfaces with an emphasis of the studies performed in the authors’ group. Novel instruments and technique developments, as well a...The review presents an overview of studies in the surface science of oxide and related surfaces with an emphasis of the studies performed in the authors’ group. Novel instruments and technique developments, as well as their applications are reported, in an attempt to cover studies on model systems of increasing complexity, including some of the key ingredients of an industrially applied heterogeneous catalyst and its fabrication. The review is intended to demonstrate the power of model studies in understanding heterogeneous catalysis at the atomic level. The studies include those on supported nano-particles, both, prepared in vacuum and from solution, interaction of surfaces and the underlying bulk with molecules from the gas phase, strong metal support interaction, as well as the first attempt to include studies on reactions in confined spaces.展开更多
Supramolecular polymerization properties have been studied for a series of perylene bisimide(PBI)dyes containing identical hydrogen-bonding amide groups in imide positions but variable number or size of alkoxy substit...Supramolecular polymerization properties have been studied for a series of perylene bisimide(PBI)dyes containing identical hydrogen-bonding amide groups in imide positions but variable number or size of alkoxy substituents in bay-positions.展开更多
Thin polymer coatings covering on porous substrates are a common composite structure required in numerous applications,including membrane separation,and there is a strong need to push the coating thicknesses down to t...Thin polymer coatings covering on porous substrates are a common composite structure required in numerous applications,including membrane separation,and there is a strong need to push the coating thicknesses down to the nanometer scale to maximize the performances.However,producing such ultrathin polymer coatings in a facile and efficient way remains a big challenge.Here,uniform ultrathin polymer covering films(UPCFs)are realized by a facile and general approach based on rapid solvent evaporation.By fast evaporating dilute polymer solutions spread on the surface of porous substrates,we obtain ultrathin coatings(down to30 nm)exclusively on the top surface of porous substrates,forming UPCFs with a block copolymer of polystyrene-blockpoly(2-vinyl pyridine)at room temperature or a homopolymer of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)at elevated temperatures.Upon selective swelling of the block copolymer and crosslinking of PVA,we obtain highly permeable membranes delivering2–10 times higher permeance in ultrafiltration and pervaporation than state-of-the-art membranes with comparable selectivities.We have invented a very convenient but highly efficient process for the direct preparation of defective-free ultrathin coatings on porous substrates,which is extremely desired in different fields in addition to membrane separation.展开更多
The interface between graphene and organic layers is a key factor responsible for the performance of graphene-based organic solar cells(OSCs). In this paper, we focus on coating PEDOT:PSS onto the surface of graphene....The interface between graphene and organic layers is a key factor responsible for the performance of graphene-based organic solar cells(OSCs). In this paper, we focus on coating PEDOT:PSS onto the surface of graphene. We demonstrate two approaches, applying UV/Ozone treatment on graphene and modifying PEDOT:PSS with Zonyl, to get a PEDOT:PSS well-coated graphene film. Our results prove that both methods can be effective to solve the interface issue between graphene and PEDOT: PSS. Thereby it shows a positive application of the composited graphene/PEDOT:PSS film on graphene-based OSCs.展开更多
文摘An endophyte is a fungus or bacterium that lives within a plant in a symbiotic relationship.Extensive colonization of the plant tissue by endophytes creates a barrier effect,where they outcompete and prevent pathogenic organisms from taking hold.This happens by producing secondary metabolites that inhibit the growth of the competitors or pathogens.In this way they play a very important role in the plant defence mechanisms.The metabolites produced by these endophytes fall within a wide range of classes of compounds that include peptides which are the focus of this review.Peptides are increasingly being selected for drug development because they are specific for their targets and have a higher degree of interactions.There have been quite a number of endophytic peptides reported in the recent past indicating that endophytes can be used for the production of peptide based drugs.Molecular screening for NRPS,which shows peptide producing capability,has also shown that endophytes are potential producers of peptides.The presence of NRPS also offers the possibility of genetic modifications which may generate peptides with high pharmacological activities.This review,therefore,aims to show the current status of peptides isolated from endophytic bacteria and fungi in the recent decade.Endophytes as potential sources of peptides according to NRPS studies will also be discussed.
文摘The addition of electrons to form gas-phase multiply charged anions(MCAs)normally requires sophisticated experiments or calculations.In this work,the factors stabilizing the MCAs,the maximum electron uptake of gas-phase molecules,X,and the electronic stability of MCAs X^(Q-),are discussed.The drawbacks encountered when applying computational and/or conceptual density functional theory(DFT)to MCAs are highlighted.We develop and test a different model based on the valence-state concept.As in DFT,the electronic energy,E(N,v_(ex)),is a continuous function of the average electron number,N,and the external potential,v_(ex),of the nuclei.The valence-state-parabola is a second-order polynomial that allows extending E(N,v_(ex))to dianions and higher MCAs.The model expresses the maximum electron acceptance,Q_(max),and the higher electron affinities,A_Q,as simple functions of the firstelectron affinity,A_1,and the ionization energy,I,of the"ancestor"system.Thus,the maximum electron acceptance is Q_(max,calc)=1+12A_1/7(I-A_1).The ground-state parabola model of the conceptual DFT yields approximately half of this value,and it is termed Q_(max,GS)=?+A_1/(I-A_1).A large variety of molecules are evaluated including fullerenes,metal clusters,super-pnictogens,super-halogens(OF_3),super-alkali species(OLi_3),and neutral or charged transition-metal complexes,AB_(m )L_n^(0/+/-).The calculated second electron affinity A_(2,calc)=A_1-(7/12)(I-A_1)is linearly correlated to the literature references A_(2,lit) with a correlation coefficient R=0.998.A_2 or A_3 values are predicted for further 24 species.The appearance sizes,n_(ap)^(3-),of triply charged anionic clusters and fullerenes are calculated in agreement with the literature.
基金This cooperation project between the Institute of Hydrobiology,Acadcmia Sinica,Wuhan,P.R. China and Institut fur Okologische Chemic der Gesellschafi fur Strahlen und Umweltforschung,F.R.Germany.was supported by the Natural Science Foundation P.R.China an
文摘LAS degradation rate in Donghu Lake water under aerobic was much faster than under anaerobic condition . The half life of LAS in aerobic and anaerobic environment was 3.2 days and 57 days, respectively . The degradation rate at 25-27℃was approximately 20 times higher than that at 1.5-3.5℃.In a laboratory model aquatic ecosystem, two stages of bioconcentration in fish , daphnia and snail were observed . The first stage , on second day exposure , resulted from accumulation of intact LAS , and the second stage , on 16th day exposure , was due to metabolites . The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of LAS was extremely low in the muscle of hybrid carp (0.64), but rather high (2485) in the gall bladder .
基金Chongqing University under the Program of the Foundation of 100 Young,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2018CDQYHG0009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21703021 and No.U1931104)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.cstc2017jcyjAX0068 and No.cstc2018jcyjAX0050)Venture&Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Oversea Returns(No.cx2018064).Juan Wang also thanks the China Scholarship Council(CSC)for the financial support.The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG)and the Land Niedersachsen aided the work in Hannover.
文摘The molecular structures of three ethylanilines,ortho-,meta-and para-ethylaniline,have been obtained by means of Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy.Rotational spectra of all three molecules display the nuclear quadrupole hyperfine structures arising from the 14N nucleus.Comparison of the determined structures allows a direct study of the influence of the position of the ethyl substituent on the structure of the amino group communicated through the phenyl ring.
基金the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a fellowship
文摘La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ (LSM) perovskite was synthesized using different methods, such as solid state reaction, soft-chemical and sol-gel methods for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for use as a cathode material. The pristine material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction results show that the pure phase of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ (LSM) perovskite was formed at 1250oC. Scanning electron microscopy characterization shows that a highly porous material can be obtained using a soft-chemical method with different 3,3’,3”-nitrilotripropionic acid ( NTP) to metal-ion ratio R.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 50802103.
文摘Homogeneous monolith of A1PO4 gel doped with rhodamine 6G （Rh6G） at different dye loadings is prepared by a one-step process with sol-gel method using the precursors A1（lact）3 and H3PO4. The optical properties of A1PO4 gel doped with Rh6G are characterized by UV-Visible absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra. Rh6G molecular J-dimers and H-dimers even multimers are analyzed by excitation spectra based on exciton theory. The A1PO4 gel doped with Rh6G dye with molar ratio of Rh6G/A1（lact）3 of 1 × 10-4 has excellent optical properties without obvious aggregates.
基金This research work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20031010)the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.013202)+1 种基金the Key Project of Guangdong Province(Grant No.C31401)a Fellowship of Alexander yon Humboldt-Stiftung of Germany.
文摘The effects of temperature and multifunctional sodium carboxylate additives on the phase composition and morphology of calcium oxalate (CaOxa) crystals grown in silica gel sys-tem were systematically investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR). The sodium carboxylates in-vestigated include: monocarboxylate sodium acetate (NaAc), disodium tartrate (Na2tart), triso-dium citrate (Na3cit), and the disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na2edta). The temperature range was from 7℃ to 67℃. The crystallization temperature affects the phase compositions, the growth rate, and the morphology of CaOxa. First, the logarithm of the per-centage of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) formed at a certain temperature (T) is proportional to the reciprocal of temperature (1/T). Second, the weight of CaOxa crystals decreases as de-creasing the temperature. At a given temperature, the ability of the sodium carboxylates to in-duce COD follows the order: Na2edta > Na3cit > Na2tart >> NaAc. Third, the multicarboxylates can decrease the surface area of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM). It makes the edges and tips of COM crystals blunt and oval. All the three changes, an increase of the content of COD, a decrease of the weight of CaOxa crystals, and a decrease of the surface area of COM crystals, can inhibit the formation of CaOxa stones. These results support the clinical use of citrates and may be helpful in elucidating the mechanisms of the formation of CaOxa calculus.
基金financially supported by SFB 765 and the Focus Area Nanoscale of Freie Universitat Berlinfinancial support from China Scholarship Councilsupported by the DFG and Dr. Pamela Winchester (Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany) for language polishing。
文摘Bacterial infection and osteogenic integration are the two main problems that cause severe complications after surgeries. In this study, the antibacterial and osteogenic properties were simultaneously introduced in biomaterials, where copper nanoparticles(Cu NPs) were generated by in situ reductions of Cu ions into a mussel-inspired hyperbranched polyglycerol(MI-h PG) coating via a simple dip-coating method.This hyperbranched polyglycerol with 10 % catechol groups’ modification presents excellent antifouling property, which could effectively reduce bacteria adhesion on the surface. In this work, polycaprolactone(PCL) electrospun fiber membrane was selected as the substrate, which is commonly used in biomedical implants in bone regeneration and cardiovascular stents because of its good biocompatibility and easy post-modification. The as-fabricated Cu NPs-incorporated PCL membrane [PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs]was confirmed with effective antibacterial performance via in vitro antibacterial tests against Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus), Escherichia coli(E. coli), and multi-resistant E. coli. In addition, the in vitro results demonstrated that osteogenic property of PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs was realized by upregulating the osteoblast-related gene expressions and protein activity. This study shows that antibacterial and osteogenic properties can be balanced in a surface coating by introducing Cu NPs.
文摘Multiple procedures of liver transplantation bring conditions producing cold ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury. During cold storage, the graft organ is subjected to cold ischemia, also known as hypoxia injury. After reperfusion, although hypoxic condition has been ameliorated, reoxygenation of the graft liver can produce not only reperfusion injury including generation of oxygen free radical, lipoperoxidation and calcium overload, but also aggravate the hypoxia damage,
基金supported by the Federal German Ministry of Education and Science (BMBF) (05KS4WWB/4)the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through CRC 1109 (“Molecular Insight into Metaloxide/Water Interfaces”)+4 种基金CRC 546 (“Structure and Reactivity of Transition Metal Oxides”)the DFG-NSFC joint project (Fr554/18-1, 21761132005)Cluster of Excellence “UniCat”the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie and TURBOMOLE GmbHfunding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (CRYVISIL-REP669179).
文摘The review presents an overview of studies in the surface science of oxide and related surfaces with an emphasis of the studies performed in the authors’ group. Novel instruments and technique developments, as well as their applications are reported, in an attempt to cover studies on model systems of increasing complexity, including some of the key ingredients of an industrially applied heterogeneous catalyst and its fabrication. The review is intended to demonstrate the power of model studies in understanding heterogeneous catalysis at the atomic level. The studies include those on supported nano-particles, both, prepared in vacuum and from solution, interaction of surfaces and the underlying bulk with molecules from the gas phase, strong metal support interaction, as well as the first attempt to include studies on reactions in confined spaces.
文摘Supramolecular polymerization properties have been studied for a series of perylene bisimide(PBI)dyes containing identical hydrogen-bonding amide groups in imide positions but variable number or size of alkoxy substituents in bay-positions.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(21825803)is gratefully acknowledged.We also thank the Program of Excellent Innovation Teams of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and the Project of Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)for support.M.S.thanks the European Research Council(ERC-CoG-2014,project 646742 INCANA)and the German Research Foundation(INST 190/164-1 FUGG)for funding.
文摘Thin polymer coatings covering on porous substrates are a common composite structure required in numerous applications,including membrane separation,and there is a strong need to push the coating thicknesses down to the nanometer scale to maximize the performances.However,producing such ultrathin polymer coatings in a facile and efficient way remains a big challenge.Here,uniform ultrathin polymer covering films(UPCFs)are realized by a facile and general approach based on rapid solvent evaporation.By fast evaporating dilute polymer solutions spread on the surface of porous substrates,we obtain ultrathin coatings(down to30 nm)exclusively on the top surface of porous substrates,forming UPCFs with a block copolymer of polystyrene-blockpoly(2-vinyl pyridine)at room temperature or a homopolymer of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)at elevated temperatures.Upon selective swelling of the block copolymer and crosslinking of PVA,we obtain highly permeable membranes delivering2–10 times higher permeance in ultrafiltration and pervaporation than state-of-the-art membranes with comparable selectivities.We have invented a very convenient but highly efficient process for the direct preparation of defective-free ultrathin coatings on porous substrates,which is extremely desired in different fields in addition to membrane separation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (91333122,51402106,51372082,51172069,50972032,61204064 and 51202067)Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20110036110006,20120036120006,20130036110012)+1 种基金Par-Eu Scholars Programthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘The interface between graphene and organic layers is a key factor responsible for the performance of graphene-based organic solar cells(OSCs). In this paper, we focus on coating PEDOT:PSS onto the surface of graphene. We demonstrate two approaches, applying UV/Ozone treatment on graphene and modifying PEDOT:PSS with Zonyl, to get a PEDOT:PSS well-coated graphene film. Our results prove that both methods can be effective to solve the interface issue between graphene and PEDOT: PSS. Thereby it shows a positive application of the composited graphene/PEDOT:PSS film on graphene-based OSCs.
