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Polyphenols-gut microbiota interplay and brain neuromodulation 被引量:9
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作者 Stefania Filosa Francesco Di Meo Stefania Crispi 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第12期2055-2059,共5页
Increasing evidence suggests that food ingested polyphenols can have beneficial effects in neuronal protection acting against oxidative stress and inflammatory injury. Moreover, polyphenols have been reported to promo... Increasing evidence suggests that food ingested polyphenols can have beneficial effects in neuronal protection acting against oxidative stress and inflammatory injury. Moreover, polyphenols have been reported to promote cognitive functions. Biotransformation of polyphenols is needed to obtain metabolites active in brain and it occurs through their processing by gut microbiota. Polyphenols metabolites could directly act as neurotransmitters crossing the blood-brain barrier or indirectly by modulating the cerebrovascular system. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is considered a neuroendocrine system that acts bidirectionally and plays an important role in stress responses. The metabolites produced by microbiota metabolism can modulate gut bacterial composition and brain biochemistry acting as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Gut microbiota composition can be influenced by dietary ingestion of natural bioactive molecules such as probiotics, prebiotics and polyphenol. Microbiota composition can be altered by dietary changes and gastrointestinal dysfunctions are observed in neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, several pieces of evidence support the idea that alterations in gut microbiota and enteric neuroimmune system could contribute to onset and progression of these age-related disorders. The impact of polyphenols on microbiota composition strengthens the idea that maintaining a healthy microbiome by modulating diet is essential for having a healthy brain across the lifespan. Moreover, it is emerging that they could be used as novel therapeutics to prevent brain from neurodegeneration. 展开更多
关键词 polyphenols gut-microbiota gut-brain axis METAGENOMIC neurodegeneration NEUROTRANSMITTERS PREBIOTICS probiotics
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Transcriptome reprogramming,epigenetic modifications and alternative splicing orchestrate the tomato root response to the beneficial fungus Trichoderma harzianum 被引量:3
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作者 Monica De Palma Maria Salzano +7 位作者 Clizia Villano Riccardo Aversano Matteo Lorito Michelina Ruocco Teresa Docimo Anna Lisa Piccinelli Nunzio D’Agostino Marina Tucci 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE 2019年第1期1792-1806,共15页
Beneficial interactions of rhizosphere microorganisms are widely exploited for plant biofertilization and mitigation of biotic and abiotic constraints.To provide new insights into the onset of the roots–beneficial mi... Beneficial interactions of rhizosphere microorganisms are widely exploited for plant biofertilization and mitigation of biotic and abiotic constraints.To provide new insights into the onset of the roots–beneficial microorganisms interplay,we characterised the transcriptomes expressed in tomato roots at 24,48 and 72 h post inoculation with the beneficial fungus Trichoderma harzianum T22 and analysed the epigenetic and post-trascriptional regulation mechanisms.We detected 1243 tomato transcripts that were differentially expressed between Trichoderma-interacting and control roots and 83 T.harzianum transcripts that were differentially expressed between the three experimental time points.Interaction with Trichoderma triggered a transcriptional response mainly ascribable to signal recognition and transduction,stress response,transcriptional regulation and transport.In tomato roots,salicylic acid,and not jasmonate,appears to have a prominent role in orchestrating the interplay with this beneficial strain.Differential regulation of many nutrient transporter genes indicated a strong effect on plant nutrition processes,which,together with the possible modifications in root architecture triggered by ethylene/indole-3-acetic acid signalling at 72 h post inoculation may concur to the well-described growth-promotion ability of this strain.Alongside,T.harzianum-induced defence priming and stress tolerance may be mediated by the induction of reactive oxygen species,detoxification and defence genes.A deeper insight into gene expression and regulation control provided first evidences for the involvement of cytosine methylation and alternative splicing mechanisms in the plant–Trichoderma interaction.A model is proposed that integrates the plant transcriptomic responses in the roots,where interaction between the plant and beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms occurs. 展开更多
关键词 ROOTS programming promotion
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Tomato genomic prediction for good performance under high-temperature and identification of loci involved in thermotolerance response 被引量:2
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作者 Elisa Cappetta Giuseppe Andolfo +4 位作者 Anna Guadagno Antonio Di Matteo Amalia Barone Luigi Frusciante Maria Raffaella Ercolano 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE 2021年第1期2985-3000,共16页
Many studies showed that few degrees above tomato optimum growth temperature threshold can lead to serious loss in production.Therefore,the development of innovative strategies to obtain tomato cultivars with improved... Many studies showed that few degrees above tomato optimum growth temperature threshold can lead to serious loss in production.Therefore,the development of innovative strategies to obtain tomato cultivars with improved yield under high temperature conditions is a main goal both for basic genetic studies and breeding activities.In this paper,a F4 segregating population was phenotypically evaluated for quantitative and qualitative traits under heat stress conditions.Moreover,a genotyping by sequencing(GBS)approach has been employed for building up genomic selection(GS)models both for yield and soluble solid content(SCC).Several parameters,including training population size,composition and marker quality were tested to predict genotype performance under heat stress conditions.A good prediction accuracy for the two analyzed traits(0.729 for yield production and 0.715 for SCC)was obtained.The predicted models improved the genetic gain of selection in the next breeding cycles,suggesting that GS approach is a promising strategy to accelerate breeding for heat tolerance in tomato.Finally,the annotation of SNPs located in gene body regions combined with QTL analysis allowed the identification of five candidates putatively involved in high temperatures response,and the building up of a GS model based on calibrated panel of SNP markers. 展开更多
关键词 BREEDING CULTIVAR PREDICTION
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Almond diversity and homozygosity define structure, kinship, inbreeding, and linkage disequilibrium in cultivated germplasm, and reveal genomic associations with nut and seed weight 被引量:3
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作者 Stefano Pavan Chiara Delvento +8 位作者 Rosa Mazzeo Francesca Ricciardi Pasquale Losciale Liliana Gaeta Nunzio D’Agostino Francesca Taranto Raquel Sanchez-Perez Luigi Ricciardi Concetta Lotti 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE 2021年第1期223-234,共12页
Almond[Prunus dulcis Miller(D.A.Webb)]is the main tree nut species worldwide.Here,genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS)was applied to 149 almond cultivars from the ex situ collections of the Italian Council for Agricultural R... Almond[Prunus dulcis Miller(D.A.Webb)]is the main tree nut species worldwide.Here,genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS)was applied to 149 almond cultivars from the ex situ collections of the Italian Council for Agricultural Research(CREA)and the Spanish National Research Council(CSIC),leading to the detection of 93,119 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).The study of population structure outlined four distinct genetic groups and highlighted diversification between the Mediterranean and Californian gene pools.Data on SNP diversity and runs of homozygosity(ROHs)allowed the definition of kinship,inbreeding,and linkage disequilibrium(LD)decay in almond cultivated germplasm.Four-year phenotypic observations,gathered on 98 cultivars of the CREA collection,were used to perform a genome-wide association study(GWAS)and,for the first time in a crop species,homozygosity mapping(HM),resulting in the identification of genomic associations with nut,shell,and seed weight.Both GWAS and HM suggested that loci controlling nut and seed weight are mostly independent.Overall,this study provides insights on the almond cultivation history and delivers information of major interest for almond genetics and breeding.In a broader perspective,our results encourage the use of ROHs in crop science to estimate inbreeding,choose parental combinations minimizing the risk of inbreeding depression,and identify genomic footprints of selection for specific traits. 展开更多
关键词 linkage structure Italian
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Functional conservation of the grapevine candidate gene INNER NO OUTER for ovule development and seed formation 被引量:4
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作者 Valentina di Rienzo Zahra Imanifard +8 位作者 Isabella Mascio Charles SGasser Debra JSkinner Ciro Leonardo Pierri Martina Marini Valentina Fanelli Wilma Sabetta Cinzia Montemurro Diana Bellin 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE 2021年第1期279-291,共13页
Seedlessness represents a highly appreciated trait in table grapes.Based on an interesting case of seedless fruit production described in the crop species Annona squamosa,we focused on the Vitis vinifera INNER NO OUTE... Seedlessness represents a highly appreciated trait in table grapes.Based on an interesting case of seedless fruit production described in the crop species Annona squamosa,we focused on the Vitis vinifera INNER NO OUTER(INO)gene as a candidate.This gene encodes a transcription factor belonging to the YABBY family involved in the determination of abaxial identity in several organs.In Arabidopsis thaliana,this gene was shown to be essential for the formation and asymmetric growth of the ovule outer integument and its mutation leads to a phenotypic defect of ovules and failure in seed formation.In this study,we identified in silico the V.vinifera orthologue and investigated its phylogenetic relationship to INO genes from other species and its expression in different organs in seeded and seedless varieties.Applying cross-species complementation,we have tested its functionality in the Arabidopsis ino-1 mutant.We show that the V.vinifera INO successfully rescues the ovule outer integument growth and seeds set and also partially complements the outer integument asymmetric growth in the Arabidopsis mutant,differently from orthologues from other species.These data demonstrate that VviINO retains similar activity and protein targets in grapevine as in Arabidopsis.Potential implications for grapevine breeding are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 ARABIDOPSIS ORGANS outer
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Genetic diversity in old populations of sessile oak from Calabria assessed by nuclear and chloroplast SSR
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作者 Antonio LUPINI Meriem Miyassa ACI +5 位作者 Antonio MAUCERI Giuseppe LUZZI Silvio BAGNATO Giuliano MENGUZZATO Francesco MERCATI Francesco SUNSERI 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2019年第5期1111-1120,共10页
In the framework of forest resources conservation, this study aims to understand the dynamic and the genetic structure of sessile oak forests in Calabria, Italy. Two old populations of sessile oak(Quercus petraea(Matt... In the framework of forest resources conservation, this study aims to understand the dynamic and the genetic structure of sessile oak forests in Calabria, Italy. Two old populations of sessile oak(Quercus petraea(Mattuschka) Liebl.) from two areas of Sila and Aspromonte massifs in Calabria were analyzed for genetic diversity and population structure based on 6 nuclear simple sequence repeat(nSSR) and 4 chloroplastic SSR(cpSSR) loci. The populations displayed high amount of genetic diversity, which was toughly structured according to their geographical origins. Number of alleles at SSR loci ranged from 11 to 20 with an average of 13.5 per locus. Gene diversity(expected heterozygosity, He) estimates ranged from 0.575 to 0.834 with a mean of 0.749. The observed heterozygosity(Ho) was on average 0.458 ranging from 0.150 to 0.682. Polymorphism information content(PIC) values ranged from 0.625 to 0.865 with an average of 0.787. The analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) highlighted a significant higher estimated variance within populations compared to among populations. Finally, the analysis of haplotypes by using cpSSR suggested a higher diversification in the population from Sila. Hierarchical clustering analysis grouped the genotypes into two major clusters, which agreed with the geographic origin of populations, and was confirmed by the Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components(DAPC). The first cluster included plants/population from Sila massif, while the second encompassed mostly plants/population sampled in Aspromonte massif. Finally, model-based clustering by STRUCTURE analysis also supported the presence of clear genetic structuring in the collection with two major populations(K=2) supported to PCoA analysis as well. Finally, our data indicated the Aspromonte population as a marginal forest with fragmented distribution suggesting different strategies of preservation than in Sila massif. 展开更多
关键词 Aspromonte and Sila massifs Genetic structure QUERCUS spp Population genetics Simple sequence repeat(SSR)
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Collecting Landraces of Vegetable Crop Species in the South-West Romania
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作者 Sarli Giulio Tigan Eugenia +4 位作者 Bitonte Domenico Montemurro Francesco Montesano Vincenz Laghetti Gaetano Hammer Karl 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)》 2016年第1期17-25,共9页
A collecting mission was carried out in south-west Romania in October 2013 with the aims: (1) to collect autochthonous crop genetic resources which still present in the south-west of Romania; (2) to assess the pr... A collecting mission was carried out in south-west Romania in October 2013 with the aims: (1) to collect autochthonous crop genetic resources which still present in the south-west of Romania; (2) to assess the presence of on farm of plant genetic resources; (3) to determine the species and the amount of genetic diversity still cultivated and (4) to obtain information from germplasm owners to be used to evaluate the feasibility of an on farm conservation program. Out of 24 explored towns, in 8, landraces were grown and in all, instances seeds could be obtained. Fifty-three accessions from different crop species were collected in 17 sites, belonging to 10 botanical families, of which solanaceae was the most represented (32%), followed by fabaceae (17%), cueurbitaceae (11%) and alliaceae and brassicaceae (9%). As expected, vegetable crops were the most collected, reaching a value as 58.5%, spices 20.8%, while pulses 15.1% and cereals 5.7% of the total. This collecting mission showed that in internal areas of Romania, germplasm of old landraces of many vegetable and crop species still survive, and indicated the urgency to continue also in other agricultural districts of Romania. 展开更多
关键词 Germplasm collecting LANDRACES on farm conservation Romania.
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Novel perspectives for neurodegeneration prevention: effects of bioactive polyphenols 被引量:1
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作者 Stefania Crispi Stefania Filosa 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第7期1411-1412,共2页
Neurodegenerative diseases are becoming a big challenge for modern society.Neurodegenerative disorders strongly impact on patient and their caregivers.Moreover, since the population is becoming older, these pathologie... Neurodegenerative diseases are becoming a big challenge for modern society.Neurodegenerative disorders strongly impact on patient and their caregivers.Moreover, since the population is becoming older, these pathologies will deeply influence medical and socio-economic conditions in the next years.Therefore, efforts are needed to find new strategies devoted to define new protocols and identify novel substances able to prevent neurodegeneration or to improve the quality of life of people affected by neurodegenerative diseases(Alzheimer's Disease International, 2019). 展开更多
关键词 PREVENTION DISEASES NEURODEGENERATION
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Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Insights into Salt Stress Response in Two Egyptian Rice Varieties with Different Tolerance Levels
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作者 Shehab MOHAMED Iovene MARINA +2 位作者 Ciancio AURELIO Colagiero MARIANTONIETTA Finetti-Sialer MARIELLA 《Rice science》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第6期499-502,共4页
The response of rice to salt stress(200 mmol/L NaCl)was investigated at the transcription level in Egyptian varieties Giza 177(salt sensitive variety)and Giza 178(salt tolerant variety).We applied a genome-wide RNA-Se... The response of rice to salt stress(200 mmol/L NaCl)was investigated at the transcription level in Egyptian varieties Giza 177(salt sensitive variety)and Giza 178(salt tolerant variety).We applied a genome-wide RNA-Seq transcriptome study at 21-day-old seedlings of both varieties,exposed or not to salt stress for 24 h. 展开更多
关键词 VARIETIES EGYPTIAN stress
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Staying alive on an active volcano:80 years population dynamics of Cytisus aeolicus(Fabaceae)from Stromboli(Aeolian Islands,Italy)
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作者 R.Zaia S.Pasta +5 位作者 F.Di Rita V.A.Laudicina P.Lo Cascio D.Magri A.Troia R.Guarino 《Ecological Processes》 SCIE EI 2020年第1期760-774,共15页
Cytisus aeolicus is a narrow endemic species restricted to the Aeolian archipelago(SE Tyrrhenian Sea,Italy)and it is one of the most evolutionarily isolated plants in the Mediterranean flora.Historical and literature ... Cytisus aeolicus is a narrow endemic species restricted to the Aeolian archipelago(SE Tyrrhenian Sea,Italy)and it is one of the most evolutionarily isolated plants in the Mediterranean flora.Historical and literature data suggest that both metapopulations and isolated individuals of C.aeolicus are gradually shrinking.Field investigations and drone images demonstrate that the C.aeolicus metapopulation from Stromboli experienced a strikingly fast increase during the last decades.As of 2019,more than 7000±3000 mature individuals occur on Stromboli,i.e.14 to 20 times more than those counted during the last census,25 years ago.The diachronic analysis of aerial photos concerning last 80 years and the analysis of the growth rings of some selected plants pointed out that the surface occupied,the demographic structure and the distribution pattern of the subpopulations of Stromboli has been highly fluctuating during last decades.Moreover,data issuing from field observations in permanent plots placed in a transect between two isolated mature individuals showed that,under natural conditions,the germination rate of the seedlings of C.aeolicus can be very high and their establishment rate may exceed 40%.By contrast,seedlings mortality is subject to strong annual fluctuations.Additionally,the pollen morphology of the Strombolian metapopulation of this rare and isolated species is studied here for the first time.Contrary to what is stated in recent literature,the C.aeolicus metapopulation from Stromboli is healthy and very dynamic,albeit frequently damaged by the volcanic activity.Regular and repeated field surveys carried out during 3 years(2017-2019)allowed improving our knowledge on the life cycle of C.aeolicus and a new extinction risk assessment of the species,according to IUCN criteria,is presented. 展开更多
关键词 Conservation Endemic species Pollen morphology Germination rate Growth rate IUCN risk assessment
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In Vivo Phenotyping for the Early Detection of Drought Stress in Tomato 被引量:2
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作者 Michela Janni Nicola Coppede +10 位作者 Manuele Bettelli Nunzio Briglia Angelo Petrozza Stephan Summerer Filippo Vurro Donatella Danzi Francesco Cellini Nelson Marmiroli Domenico Pignone Salvatore Iannotta Andrea Zappettini 《Plant Phenomics》 2019年第1期142-151,共10页
Drought stress imposes a major constraint over a crop yield and can be expected to grow in importance if the climate change predicted comes about.Improved methods are needed to facilitate crop management via the promp... Drought stress imposes a major constraint over a crop yield and can be expected to grow in importance if the climate change predicted comes about.Improved methods are needed to facilitate crop management via the prompt detection of the onset of stress.Here,we report the use of an in vivo OECT(organic electrochemical transistor)sensor,termed as bioristor,in the context of the drought response of the tomato plant.The device was integrated within the plant’s stem,thereby allowing for the continuous monitoring of the plant’s physiological status throughout its life cycle.Bioristor was able to detect changes of ion concentration in the sap upon drought,in particular,those dissolved and transported through the transpiration stream,thus efficiently detecting the occurrence of drought stress immediately after the priming of the defence responses.The bioristor’s acquired data were coupled with those obtained in a high-throughput phenotyping platform revealing the extreme complementarity of these methods to investigate the mechanisms triggered by the plant during the drought stress event. 展开更多
关键词 DROUGHT thereby PROMPT
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