Improved Modelling of Soil Loss in El Badalah Basin: Comparing the Performance of the Universal Soil Loss Equation, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation and Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation Models by Using the Magnetic and Gravimetric Prospection Outcomes

Water erosion is a natural fact in the cycle of shaping the earth’s landforms and the most evident form of land degradation on a planetary scale (Roose & De Noni, 2004; Dautrebande & Sohier, 2006; Toumi et al., 2013; Azaiez, 2020a). Its effects have largely affected the rural landscape. Although it is the result of an ancient and primeval climatic and tectonic forcing, man’s footprint in its intensification remains a reality. A real awareness of this problem on the part of scientists is reflected in the many studies on understanding the risks. Experiments have been carried out, equations and models have been developed with the aim of preserving the soil. The watershed of wadi El Badalah, the subject of this study, is not excluded from this risk. The present research is a new comparative contribution to the quantification of soil loss based on four empirical models (Universal Soil Loss Equation USLE, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation RUSLE, Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation MUSLE and the adjusted model). The main objective of this research project is to test several empirical models of quantification of soil loss, extensively tested on a global scale, to discuss the potential of each model in order to choose the most appropriate for the El Badalah basin. The method is based on geotechnical and geophysical investigations. It consists of determining the anomalies of the subsoil based on the difference in density and the resistivity of the heterogeneous constituents of the subsoil. This is in order to look for sectors potentially favorable to infiltration at the expense of runoff.

Classical Chinese Novels in Hungarian Translation

社会主义时期(1957-1989)的匈牙利迎来了翻译的黄金时代:不以盈利为目的的国有出版社能够赞助长期的翻译项目,并因拥有可靠的编辑人员和众多优秀的译者而生产佳作。在此期间,《金瓶梅》和中国古典小说四大名著中的三部被译为匈牙利语,不过,其中只有《水浒传》(1961)和《西游记》(1969)是由一位杰出的汉学家直接从中文译入的,而《红楼梦》(1959)和《金瓶梅》(1964)均转译自德文删简版。然而,那些转译的作品却更受欢迎,不断再版。究其原因,也许是原作的异国因素在经过转译后,更易引起匈牙利读者的共鸣,但也可能是因为家族题材的小说与西方小说更为相类,更易为本土读者所接受。1989年之后匈牙利对中国文学的翻译急剧减少,此种状况今后或许会有改善。

Literature and National Identity

在19世纪,欧洲文学成为宣扬民族认同和忠诚的一种有力手段。而文学史作为一门学科被建立起来,其目的即是要有利于构建某种国族身份。然而,欧洲遭受了民族主义的一系列灾难性后果;文学研究却在小心翼翼地尝试着重申其在构建民族国家中的任务。本文最后将讨论一些国际性的、以多种语言编辑的学术杂志。这些杂志在一定程度上暗示了文学研究中反传统因素的存在。这种反传统将在全球化的时代为非民族主义方法奠定基础。