Herein, we demonstrate a simple and inexpensive one-pot green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) functionalised with a combination of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca) and grape (Vitis vinifera) fruit extracts. T...Herein, we demonstrate a simple and inexpensive one-pot green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) functionalised with a combination of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca) and grape (Vitis vinifera) fruit extracts. The reaction mixture of aqueous silver nitrate, banana peel and grapefruit extracts revealed a dark brown colour after a reaction time of 18 minutes, which indicates the presence and the successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The optical and structural properties of the green synthesised nanoparticles were analysed using UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) which confirmed an absorption band at 440 nm. The polydispersity nature and the AgNPs sizes of 30 nm were revealed using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) studies revealed the structure of these nanoparticles which included carbonyl groups, primary amine groups, OH groups and other stabilizing functional groups characteristic of the properties of combined extracts. A simple, quick, less time-consuming surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and electrochemical method in the form of optical and electrochemical sensors have been developed for the detection of Escherichia coli 0157:H7. The obtained limit of detection (LOD) values for SPR and GBPE-Ag-NPs/GCE-based sensor systems were found to be 1 × 102 CFU/mL and 3.5 × 101 CFU/mL, respectively. The obtained values fall within the range for E. coli 0157:H7 in seawater.展开更多
Energy is a vital input to the economic growth and development of any economic sector.One of the best-known and longest-used sources of renewable energy is biomass.Generating energy from forest resources opens the opp...Energy is a vital input to the economic growth and development of any economic sector.One of the best-known and longest-used sources of renewable energy is biomass.Generating energy from forest resources opens the opportunity for woodlands and other tree areas that can offer natural,environmentally-friendly energy to meet the needs of distant regions that would help protect forest resources.On the other hand,the increases in wastewater for brewery treatment plants could result in a large amount of brewery wastewater sludge(BWWS)generation,which requires proper management before disposal.This research aimed to characterize and produce briquette fuel from the combination of sawdust and BWWS brewery using molasses as a binder.The Composite Briquitte was produced by varying the mixing ratio of sawdust to BWWS 100:0,90:10,80:20,70:30,and 60:40,using 0 to 10%molasses as a binding agent.The proximate,ultimate and calorific value analyses of all composite briquettes were performed according to the American Society Testing of Material standard.It was observed that moisture content increased from 6.2%to 10.2%,fixed carbon decreased from 64.5%to 50.9%,and the caloric value decreased from 24.8 MJ/kg to 14.8 MJ/kg as the proportion of BWWS mixture in composite briquette increased.The binder ratio,hold time,and pressure effects and their interaction on the density and durability index of briquettes were investigated.The findings showed that the optimum density and durability indexes were 1019.99 kg/m^(3)and 97.274%,respectively,for the binder of 10%,hold time of 4.126 min and pressure of 6.076 MPa.It was concluded that the composite briquettes produced from 10%–20%BWWS proportion sawdust and the sawdust alone have high calorific values ranging from 20.9 MJ/kg to 24.8 MJ/kg,fixed carbon is from 61.18%to 64.5%,ash content is from 4.65%to 10.1%,volatile matter is from 20%to 24.85%,and moisture content is from 6.2%to 8.32%,which is guaranteed to be used for household cooking.展开更多
文摘Herein, we demonstrate a simple and inexpensive one-pot green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) functionalised with a combination of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca) and grape (Vitis vinifera) fruit extracts. The reaction mixture of aqueous silver nitrate, banana peel and grapefruit extracts revealed a dark brown colour after a reaction time of 18 minutes, which indicates the presence and the successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The optical and structural properties of the green synthesised nanoparticles were analysed using UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) which confirmed an absorption band at 440 nm. The polydispersity nature and the AgNPs sizes of 30 nm were revealed using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) studies revealed the structure of these nanoparticles which included carbonyl groups, primary amine groups, OH groups and other stabilizing functional groups characteristic of the properties of combined extracts. A simple, quick, less time-consuming surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and electrochemical method in the form of optical and electrochemical sensors have been developed for the detection of Escherichia coli 0157:H7. The obtained limit of detection (LOD) values for SPR and GBPE-Ag-NPs/GCE-based sensor systems were found to be 1 × 102 CFU/mL and 3.5 × 101 CFU/mL, respectively. The obtained values fall within the range for E. coli 0157:H7 in seawater.
文摘Energy is a vital input to the economic growth and development of any economic sector.One of the best-known and longest-used sources of renewable energy is biomass.Generating energy from forest resources opens the opportunity for woodlands and other tree areas that can offer natural,environmentally-friendly energy to meet the needs of distant regions that would help protect forest resources.On the other hand,the increases in wastewater for brewery treatment plants could result in a large amount of brewery wastewater sludge(BWWS)generation,which requires proper management before disposal.This research aimed to characterize and produce briquette fuel from the combination of sawdust and BWWS brewery using molasses as a binder.The Composite Briquitte was produced by varying the mixing ratio of sawdust to BWWS 100:0,90:10,80:20,70:30,and 60:40,using 0 to 10%molasses as a binding agent.The proximate,ultimate and calorific value analyses of all composite briquettes were performed according to the American Society Testing of Material standard.It was observed that moisture content increased from 6.2%to 10.2%,fixed carbon decreased from 64.5%to 50.9%,and the caloric value decreased from 24.8 MJ/kg to 14.8 MJ/kg as the proportion of BWWS mixture in composite briquette increased.The binder ratio,hold time,and pressure effects and their interaction on the density and durability index of briquettes were investigated.The findings showed that the optimum density and durability indexes were 1019.99 kg/m^(3)and 97.274%,respectively,for the binder of 10%,hold time of 4.126 min and pressure of 6.076 MPa.It was concluded that the composite briquettes produced from 10%–20%BWWS proportion sawdust and the sawdust alone have high calorific values ranging from 20.9 MJ/kg to 24.8 MJ/kg,fixed carbon is from 61.18%to 64.5%,ash content is from 4.65%to 10.1%,volatile matter is from 20%to 24.85%,and moisture content is from 6.2%to 8.32%,which is guaranteed to be used for household cooking.
