Application of Oral Fluid in Measles IgG Antibody Detection for Medical Staff

Measles is an acute,highly contagious,and severe respiratory disease caused by the measles virus.Infected patients can develop fever,maculopapular rashes,pneumonia,encephalitis,and other complications,including death;.A measles epidemic has persisted in China for years.Crosscontamination can easily occur in hospitals,and medical staff is at high risk for cross-infection.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Parainfluenza Viruses Infections-China,2019-2023

Introduction:A retrospective study based on sentinel surveillance was conducted in 10 provinciallevel administrative divisions(PLADs)in China to enhance the understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of human parainfluenza viruses(HPIVs).Methods:From January 2019 to June 2023,respiratory specimens were collected from individuals with acute respiratory infections(ARIs)and screened for four HPIVs serotypes and other common respiratory viruses using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR).This study analyzed the association of HPIVs infections with seasonal patterns,geographical distribution,demographic profiles,clinical features,and co-infection status.Results:During the study period,a total of 12,866 ARIs were included.The overall detection rate of HPIVs was 6.15%,varying from 5.04%in 2022 to 9.70%in 2020.The median age of HPIVs-infected patients was 3 years.HPIV2 was more prevalent among individuals aged 5–17 years(42.57%),while HPIV4 was more common in those over 65 years(12.24%).HPIV3(54.16%)and HPIV1(27.18%)were the predominant serotypes,and their prevalence exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations postcoronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.The peak of HPIV3 shifted three months later in 2020 compared to 2019 and returned to a summer peak thereafter.Two peaks of HPIV1 were observed in 2021 following the peak of HPIV3.Additionally,coinfections were frequent in HPIVs cases(overall rate:22.12%),with human rhinovirus being the most common co-infecting virus.Conclusions:The prevalence of HPIVs in China was predominantly due to HPIV3 and HPIV1,and their seasonal patterns were altered by pandemic restrictions.Hence,continuous surveillance of HPIVs is essential.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Oral Fluid Using a Magnetic Particle-Based Chemiluminescence Immunoassay-Beijing Municipality,China,2021

Introduction:Oral fluids(OFs)have been broadly used as non-invasive samples for evaluating protective IgG antibodies from natural infection or vaccination,especially in pediatric populations.Methods:Paired OF and serum were collected from both individuals who received a booster dose of the inactive coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine as well as those who did not have a history of COVID-19 vaccination and infection(as the control group).The total human IgG antibody(HIgG)content was evaluated as a marker of OF sampling quality.An in-house adapted magnetic particle-based chemiluminescence immunoassay was used for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)IgG antibody detection in the OF.The SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in the serum samples was detected using a commercial immunoassay.Results:In total,579 paired OF and serum samples were collected.An additional 172 OF samples were collected from preschool children.The results indicated that the HIgG concentration in qualified OF samples should be higher than 0.3μg/mL.Compared to the serum assay,the in-house OF immunoassay for detecting IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 had 95.06%accuracy,95.03%sensitivity,and 100%specificity.Conclusions:Overall,the in-house immunoassay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in OF showed high potential for application towards serological surveillance and immunization effect assessment after large-scale,inactive COVID-19 vaccination in China.