CD8^＋ natural killer T （NKT） cells from EBV-associated tumour patients are quantitatively and functionally impaired. EBV-induced CD8^＋ NKT cells drive syngeneic T cells into a Thl-bias response to suppress EBV-ass...CD8^＋ natural killer T （NKT） cells from EBV-associated tumour patients are quantitatively and functionally impaired. EBV-induced CD8^＋ NKT cells drive syngeneic T cells into a Thl-bias response to suppress EBV-associated malignancies. IL-4-biased CD4^＋ NKT cells do not affect either syngeneic T cell cytotoxicity or Th cytokine secretion. Circulating mDC1 cells from patients with EBV-associated malignancies impair the production of IFN-T by CD8^＋ NKT cells. In this study, we have established a human-thymus-SCID chimaera model to further investigate the underlying mechanism of EBV-induced CD8^＋ NKT cells in suppressing EBV-associated malignancies. In the human-thymus-SCID chimera, EBV-induced CD8^＋ NKT cells suppress EBV-associated malignancies in a manner dependent on the Thl-bias response and syngeneic CD3^＋ T cells. However, adoptive transfer with CD4^＋ NKT cells alone inhibits T cell immunity. Interestingly, CD4^＋ NKT cells themselves secrete high levels of IL-2, enhancing the persistence of adoptively transferred CD8^＋ NKT cells and T cells, thereby leading to a more pronounced T cell anti-tumour response in chimaeras co-transferred with CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ NKT cells. Thus, immune reconstitution with EBV-induced CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ NKT cells synergistically enhances T cell tumour immunity, providing a potential prophylactic and therapeutic treatment for EBV-associated malignancies.展开更多
Cell cycle is required by both unicellular and multi-cellular organisms to transmit their genetic informa- tion. It is well known that the major regulatory mechanism of eukaryotic cell cycle is determined by cyclin-de...Cell cycle is required by both unicellular and multi-cellular organisms to transmit their genetic informa- tion. It is well known that the major regulatory mechanism of eukaryotic cell cycle is determined by cyclin-dependent kinases （CDKs） and their cyclin part- ners. On the other hand, an increasing number of studies have shown that the regulation of cell cycle is quite subtle involving many factors. Research papers in this issue provide new insights into the re.~ulation of cell cycle.展开更多
The nervous system is one of the most compli- cated parts of animals involved in either the process of development or the regulation of their behaviors. Owing to the advances of technologies, neuroscience has become a...The nervous system is one of the most compli- cated parts of animals involved in either the process of development or the regulation of their behaviors. Owing to the advances of technologies, neuroscience has become a frontier of life science that uncovers many secrets of the nervous system. In this issue, four research papers provide new insights into neurobiology involving development, physiological functions, and neurodegenerative diseases.展开更多
Neuroscience is one of the most advanced areas in life science. The progresses reported in this issue might provide new clues for further understanding the complexity of the neural system, in both health and disease, ...Neuroscience is one of the most advanced areas in life science. The progresses reported in this issue might provide new clues for further understanding the complexity of the neural system, in both health and disease, as well as discovering new therapeutic targets for neural-related disorders.展开更多
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30730054, 30572119, 30670937, 30971279, 30901363）, the Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China from Ministry of Science and Technology （2007AA02Z120）, the Ministry of Education （20060486008）, National Innovation Experiment Program for College Students （WU2007061）, Provincial Departrnent of Science and Technology of Hubei （2007ABC010）, China, and Chang Jiang Scholars Program from Ministry of Education, China and Li Ka Shing Foundation, Hong Kong, China （Chang Jiang Scholar T.J.）.
文摘CD8^＋ natural killer T （NKT） cells from EBV-associated tumour patients are quantitatively and functionally impaired. EBV-induced CD8^＋ NKT cells drive syngeneic T cells into a Thl-bias response to suppress EBV-associated malignancies. IL-4-biased CD4^＋ NKT cells do not affect either syngeneic T cell cytotoxicity or Th cytokine secretion. Circulating mDC1 cells from patients with EBV-associated malignancies impair the production of IFN-T by CD8^＋ NKT cells. In this study, we have established a human-thymus-SCID chimaera model to further investigate the underlying mechanism of EBV-induced CD8^＋ NKT cells in suppressing EBV-associated malignancies. In the human-thymus-SCID chimera, EBV-induced CD8^＋ NKT cells suppress EBV-associated malignancies in a manner dependent on the Thl-bias response and syngeneic CD3^＋ T cells. However, adoptive transfer with CD4^＋ NKT cells alone inhibits T cell immunity. Interestingly, CD4^＋ NKT cells themselves secrete high levels of IL-2, enhancing the persistence of adoptively transferred CD8^＋ NKT cells and T cells, thereby leading to a more pronounced T cell anti-tumour response in chimaeras co-transferred with CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ NKT cells. Thus, immune reconstitution with EBV-induced CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ NKT cells synergistically enhances T cell tumour immunity, providing a potential prophylactic and therapeutic treatment for EBV-associated malignancies.
文摘Cell cycle is required by both unicellular and multi-cellular organisms to transmit their genetic informa- tion. It is well known that the major regulatory mechanism of eukaryotic cell cycle is determined by cyclin-dependent kinases （CDKs） and their cyclin part- ners. On the other hand, an increasing number of studies have shown that the regulation of cell cycle is quite subtle involving many factors. Research papers in this issue provide new insights into the re.~ulation of cell cycle.
文摘The nervous system is one of the most compli- cated parts of animals involved in either the process of development or the regulation of their behaviors. Owing to the advances of technologies, neuroscience has become a frontier of life science that uncovers many secrets of the nervous system. In this issue, four research papers provide new insights into neurobiology involving development, physiological functions, and neurodegenerative diseases.
文摘Neuroscience is one of the most advanced areas in life science. The progresses reported in this issue might provide new clues for further understanding the complexity of the neural system, in both health and disease, as well as discovering new therapeutic targets for neural-related disorders.
