Attention Drawing of Movie Trailers Revealed by Electroencephography Using Sample Entropy

A movie trailer is a common advertising tool in the entertainment industry. Detection of a viewer’s brain responses to a movie trailer can help film producers to tailor a more appealing trailer of a movie. In this study, we acquired electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from subjects when they watched movie trailers (labeled as Movie session), and compared with their resting state session (labeled as Resting session) or when they watch nature scenes (labeled as Nature session). We used Sample Entropy (SampEn) to analyze the EEG signals between different sessions. Results showed that the complexity ratios at Fp1, Fp2 and Fz channels derived from Movie session were significantly lower than that in Resting state or when subjects watched Nature session (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that the brain status can affect the complexity of their EEG. Further, the attraction of attention of a movie trailer can be observed from the change of EEG.

Sunlight loss for femtosecond microstructured silicon with two impurity bands

Black silicon, produced by irradiating the surface of a silicon wafer with femtosecond laser pulses in the presence of a sulfur-bearing gas, is widely believed to be a potential material for efficient multi-intermediate-band silicon solar cells. Taking chalcogen as an example, we analyse the loss of sunlight for silicon with two impurity bands and we find that loss of the sunlight can be minimized to 0.332 when Te^0（0.307 eV） and Te＋（0.411 eV） are doped into microstructured silicon. Finally, problems needed to be resolved in analysing the relationship between conversion efficiency of the ideal four-band silicon solar cell and the position of the introduced two intermediated bands in silicon according to detailed balance theory are pointed out with great emphasis.

Data Classification with Modified Density Weighted Distance Measure for Diffusion Maps

Clinical data analysis is of fundamental importance, as classifications and detailed characterizations of diseases help physicians decide suitable management for patients, individually. In our study, we adopt diffusion maps to embed the data into corresponding lower dimensional representation, which integrate the information of potentially nonlinear progressions of the diseases. To deal with nonuniformaity of the data, we also consider an alternative distance measure based on the estimated local density. Performance of this modification is assessed using artificially generated data. Another clinical dataset that comprises metabolite concentrations measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy was also classified. The algorithm shows improved results compared with conventional Euclidean distance measure.

Hydration of Fingernail Investigated by Optical Coherence Tomography

Optical coherence tomography(OCT) is used to investigate the microstructure changes of human fingernail induced by hydration.Images of nail plate are obtained to display the morphology of fingernail and to disclose the keratinization of basal cells of nail plate.Combined with digital vernier caliper,this imaging technology is used to evaluate thicknesses and changes of nail in vitro after immersion with time.OCT images of nails show that the dorsal and ventral layers of nails have similar thicknesses which are much thinner than intermediate layer.The total thickness of fingernail exponentially increases with immersion time,and the saturating phenomenon appears at about 12 min.Three layers show different contributions to the total increase of the thickness of 17.4%.Microstructure changes in vivo are similar to the results in vitro.The changes of optical path length also could be evaluated by this method.OCT is capable of reflecting precise microstructure changes,and it has the potential to provide physician with a modern and objective diagnostic standard for nail inspection(NI) and to monitor disorders in Chinese traditional medicine(CTM) clinical practice and research.

Monitoring cellular metabolism of 3T3 upon wild type E. coli infection by mapping NADH with FLIM

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy （FLIM） has gained popularity as a sensitive technique to monitor the functional/conformational states of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide （NADH）, one of the main compounds of oxidative phosphorylation. In this letter, we apply the technique to characterize the metabolic changes in mouse embryonic fibroblast 3T3 cells upon bacterial infection. A gradual shortening of the decaying time constants in both the short and the long lifetime components of NADH＇s autofluorescence is detected. The ratio of the short and the long lifetime components＇ relative contributions, however, shows a rapid increase, indicating the rise of cellular metabolic activity over the course of infection.