In Vitro Assessment of Irritation Potential of an Anti-Melanogenic Agent,PF3758309,in a Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model

Purpose:This study was designed to determine whether a novel anti-melanogenic agent,PF3758309,has the potential to cause acute cutaneous irritation using a human skin equivalent model (HSEM).Methods:Human skin equivalent was constructed through incubation of normal human derived epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs)on collagen matrix insert with proliferation media.Using constructed human skin equivalent,the irritation potential of PF3758309 were investigated whether the viability of this agent-treated HESM is under 50%(irritant)or not (non-irritant)using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)assay after applying the agent to the epidermal surface of the HSEM.Also,the PF3758309-mediated anti-pigmentation effects were analyzed using Fontana-Masson staining in the HSEM.Results:The integrity of the constructed HSEM was confirmed using immunohistochemical staining with differentiation markers of epidermis,and observed that Keratin 5,Keratin I and Involucrin were stained in basal,supra-basal and granular layers,respectively.In vitro irritation assay showed that the mean viabilities of the PF3758309 was 83.6%,78.8%and 77.8%at the treatment doses of 0.2,0.5 and I mg,respectively;however,the mean viability of the positive control (5%sodium dodecyl sulfate)-treated HESM was 2.8%.Also,in vitro corrosion assay showed that the mean viabilities of the PF3758309 was 95.3%,95.0%and 94.2% at the treatment doses of 0.2,0.5 and 1 mg,respectively.Furthermore,using a Fontana-Masson staining assay,the melanin levels in the PF3758309-treated HSEM was significantly decreased compared with the levels in control HSEM.Conclusion: The anti-melanogenic agent,PF3758309,has no skin irritation potential under the conditions used in this study.

青少年阴囊坏疽性血管炎:坏疽性脓皮病的一种变异型?

Juvenile gangrenous vasculitis of the scrotum was described by Piňol et al in 1974 as a unique variant of scrotal gangrene of unknown origin, occurring exclusively in young individuals. It was characterized by an acute onset of skin ulcers undergoing complete resolution after appropriate therapy, with no relapses. We present a typical case of this extremely rare disease affecting a 16-year-old boy in whom the scrotal ulcerations were preceded by an episode of pharyngitis with fever. The condition promptly regressed after administration of intramuscular betamethasone in combination with oral ciprofloxacin. According to Piňol et al, juvenile gangrenous vasculitis of the scrotum, although poorly known to dermatologists, should be regarded as a distinctive entity within the wide group of scrotal gangrenes. On the other hand, the hypothesis that this condition may well represent a variant of pyoderma gangrenosum is discussed.

眼睑象皮肿

We describe a male patient with rosacea who had a 2-year history of persistent bilateral oedema of the eyelids, leading to an elephantoid condition with blepharoptosis.An upper eyelid blepharoplasty was performed, but swelling progressively recurred over a few months.Based on the case history, clinical appearance and histological findings, rosaceous lymphoedema was considered to be the diagnosis.The latter is a bilateral, solid oedema of the mid-third of the face, regarded as a rare complication of rosacea.It is thought to occur as a result of chronic inflammation and lymphatic stasis, but its exact aethiopathogenesis remains elusive.Predominant eyelid involvement, causing severe visual impairment as in our patient, is unique.

兄妹共患网状红斑黏蛋白病

Reticular erythematous mucinosis(REM)is a rare,primary cutaneous mucinosis clinically characterized by a persistent reticular erythema on the mid chest and mid-upper back,and histologically by a mononuclear cell infiltrate and deposits of mucin in the dermis.To our knowledge,the present report of REM occurring in a Caucasian man and his sister is the first reported case of familial REM.Since a host-specific immune response to unknown antigens may be involved in the pathogenesis of this entity,human leukocyte antigen typing was determined and compared to those reported in autoimmune diseases.

耳部皮肤癌的放疗:108患者中115处皮损研究

Background:The possibility of treating skin carcinomas of the pinna with radiotherapy is somewhat under discussion and scarcely known.Therefore the aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of dermatologic radiotherapy in a series of patients affected by basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the pinna. Methods:A retrospective study was performed on 108 patients affected by 115 carcinomas of the pinna (99 basal cell carcinomas, 16 squamous cell carcinomas) without involvement of the external auditory canal. Radiotherapy was performed with kilovoltage techniques (55-120 kV) and the total doses administered ranged from 45 to 70 Gy (105 Gy in one case only), with different fractionations. Results:The mean follow-up was 28.80 months. Complete remission was obtained in 111 lesions (96.52%) and partial remission in one (0.87%), as evaluated 1 month after the end of radiotherapy. No response was observed in two lesions (1.74%). The response was not evaluable in one lesion (0.87%). During follow up a relapse was observed in 12 lesions (all basal cell carcinomas):nine central and three marginal to the irradiation field. The 5-year cure-rate from the end of radiotherapy was 78%. The cosmeticresultswereevaluatedasgoodoracceptablein88.28%of lesions. No complications nor sequelae to the treatment were observed. Conclusions:The results obtained confirm the possibility of treating epithelial skin neoplasms of the pinna with dermatologic radiotherapy, which can afford high-remission percentages without damaging cartilaginous tissue.

他扎罗汀短期外用治疗寻常型银屑病

Background: We present the results of a multicentre, not controlled, clinical study on the tolerability and efficacy of tazarotene gel, used as short contact therapy (SCT), in psoriasis vulgaris. Objective: To evaluate whether irritant contact dermatitis caused by tazarotene was less frequent and/or less severe with SCT than with traditional therapy, and whether SCT with tazarotene was as effective as traditional therapy. Methods: Forty-three patients with plaque psoriasis were treated by SCT with 0.1% tazarotene gel (once daily application for 20 min, followed by washing with water). Treatment duration was 45 days. Results: Irritant contact dermatitis caused by tazarotene used as SCT was much less frequent and severe than traditional treatment with the same drug. SCT with tazarotene was effective in the treatment of plaque psoriasis. Conclusion: Tazarotene, used as SCT, was better tolerated than the same drug used as traditional treatment. Furthermore, SCT appeared to be as effective as traditional therapy with the same drug.

成人与儿童Wells综合征:19例病例报道

Background: Wells syndrome, an uncommon inflammatory dermatosis, is characterized by protean cutaneous manifestations, suggestive but not specific histopathologic findings, and usually a recurrent course. Because of its original description as a distinct entity, it has come to be regarded as an abnormal eosinophilic response to a number of causative agents. Observations: The medical records of 19 patients (12 adults and 7 children) with Wells syndrome referred to the Institute of Dermatological Sciences from 1990 to 2005 were evaluated for the type and prevalence of skin lesions, clinical course and response to treatment, and possibly associated systemic symptoms, as well as histologic, laboratory, and immunofluorescence findings. The classic plaque-type variant proved to be the most common presentation in children but not in adults, who more frequently had the annular granuloma-like variant. Unilesional forms were found to occur more frequently in children. The course was recurrent, although slowly progressing, with amean duration of disease of 5 years for adults and 3 years for children. Conclusions: We emphasize the concept that the diagnosis of Wells syndrome is a clinicopathologic diagnosis. Although it should be classified within a spectrum that includes multisystem eosinophilic disorders, such as Churg-Strauss and hypereosinophilic syndromes, Wells syndrome, which has 7 variants, is a distinct cutaneous disease lacking systemic involvement.