Energy Storage Systems Technologies, Evolution and Applications

Energy in its varied forms and applications has become the main driver of today’s modern society. However, recent changes in power demand and climatic changes (decarbonization policy) has awakened the need to rethink through the current energy generating and distribution system. This led to the exploration of other energy sources of which renewable energy (like thermal, solar and wind energy) is fast becoming an integral part of most energy system. However, this innovative and promising energy source is highly unreliable in maintaining a constant peak power that matches demand. Energy storage systems have thus been highlighted as a solution in managing such imbalances and maintaining the stability of supply. Energy storage technologies absorb and store energy, and release it on demand. This includes gravitational potential energy (pumped hydroelectric), chemical energy (batteries), kinetic energy (flywheels or compressed air), and energy in the form of electrical (capacitors) and magnetic fields. This paper provides a detailed and comprehensive overview of some of the state-of-the-art energy storage technologies, its evolution, classification, and comparison along with various area of applications. Also highlighted in this paper is a plethora of power electronic Interface technologies that plays a significant role in enabling optimum performance and utilization of energy storage systems in different areas of application.

Real-time calculation of fragment velocity for cylindrical warheads

To simulate explosion fragments, it is necessary to predict many variables such as fragment velocity, size distribution and projection angle. For active protection systems these predictions need to be made very quickly, before the weapon hits the target. Fast predictions also need to be made in real time simulations when the impact of many different computer models need to be assessed. The research presented in this paper focuses on creating a fast and accurate estimate of one of these variables - the initial fragment velocity. The Gurney equation was the first equation to calculate initial fragment velocity. This equation, sometimes with modifications, is still used today where finite element analysis or complex mathematical approaches are considered too computationally expensive. This paper enhances and improves Breech’s two-dimensional Gurney equation using available empirical data and the principals of conservation of momentum and energy. The results are computationally quick, providing improved accuracy for estimating initial fragment velocity. This will allow the developed model to be available for real-time simulation and fast computation, with improved accuracy when compared to existing approaches.

Similarity Analytic Solutions of a 3D-Fractal Nanofluid Uncoupled System Optimized by a Fractal Symmetric Tangent Function

The science of strategy(game theory)is known as the optimal decision-making of autonomous and challenging players in a strategic background.There are different strategies to complete the optimal decision.One of these strategies is the similarity technique.Similarity technique is a generalization of the symmetric strategy,which depends only on the other approaches employed,which can be formulated by altering diversities.One of these methods is the fractal theory.In this investigation,we present a new method studying the similarity analytic solution(SAS)of a 3D-fractal nanofluid system(FNFS).The dynamic evolution is completely given by the concept of differential subordination and majorization.Subordination andmajorization relationships are the sets of observable individualities.Game theory can simplify the conditions under which particular sets combine.We offer an explicit construction for the complex possible velocity,energy and thermal functions of two-dimensional fluid flow(the complex variable is suggested in the open unit disk,where the disk is selected at a constant temperature and concentration with uniform velocity).We establish that whenever the 3D-fractal nanofluid systemis approximated by a fractal function,the solution has the same property,so a class of fractal tangent function gives SAS.Finally,we demonstrate some simulations and examples that give the consequences of this methodology.

Pixel’s Quantum Image Enhancement Using Quantum Calculus

The current study provides a quantum calculus-based medical image enhancement technique that dynamically chooses the spatial distribution of image pixel intensity values.The technique focuses on boosting the edges and texture of an image while leaving the smooth areas alone.The brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)scans are used to visualize the tumors that have spread throughout the brain in order to gain a better understanding of the stage of brain cancer.Accurately detecting brain cancer is a complex challenge that the medical system faces when diagnosing the disease.To solve this issue,this research offers a quantum calculus-based MRI image enhancement as a pre-processing step for brain cancer diagnosis.The proposed image enhancement approach improves images with low gray level changes by estimating the pixel’s quantum probability.The suggested image enhancement technique is demonstrated to be robust and resistant to major quality changes on a variety ofMRIscan datasets of variable quality.ForMRI scans,the BRISQUE“blind/referenceless image spatial quality evaluator”and the NIQE“natural image quality evaluator”measures were 39.38 and 3.58,respectively.The proposed image enhancement model,according to the data,produces the best image quality ratings,and it may be able to aid medical experts in the diagnosis process.The experimental results were achieved using a publicly available collection of MRI scans.

Research on Patch Near-field Acoustic Holography Based on HELS Algorithm

A Patch NAH method based on HELS( helmholtz equation least-squares) algorithm is proposed for the measurement requirement of underwater large structures. This method chooses HELS algorithm to approximate the sound field completely,and calculates the sound field data outside the measurement region to enlarge the measurement aperture. It can reconstruct the sound field by the measurement data and the extrapolation data,through the reconstruction result it can be researched for the minimum measurement surface and the range of the extrapolation data in application. The paper analyzes the effect from the different measurement surfaces and different extrapolation ranges to the extrapolation data by simulations,and compares these reconstructed results with the conventional algorithm results. The simulation results indicate that the method can simplify the holographic measuring system,save the cost of the project and improve the accuracy of the sound field reconstruction,which can be effectively used for measuring and analyzing the underwater large structures.

Image Encryption Algorithm Based on New Fractional Beta Chaotic Maps

In this study,a new algorithm of fractional beta chaotic maps is proposed to generate chaotic sequences for image encryption.The proposed technique generates multi random sequences by shuffling the image pixel position.This technique is used to blur the pixels connecting the input and encrypted images and to increase the attack resistance.The proposed algorithm makes the encryption process sophisticated by using fractional chaotic maps,which hold the properties of pseudo-randomness.The fractional beta sequences are utilized to alter the image pixels to decryption attacks.The experimental results proved that the proposed image encryption algorithm successfully encrypted and decrypted the images with the same keys.The output findings indicate that our proposed algorithm has good entropy and low correlation coefficients.This translates to enhanced security against different attacks.A MATLAB programming tool was used to implement and assess the image quality measures.A comparison with other image encryption techniques regarding the visual inspection and signal-to-noise ratio is provided.

巨型计算机软件

本文认为美国必须加速先进科学计算能力的开发,保证美国在巨型机领域中继续占优势。巨型机软件不仅对美国巨型机工业界市场的地位有重要意义,而且对依靠或逐渐依靠巨型机来设计竞争性产品的工业部门及美国国防战略都有重要意义。随着巨型机市场的扩大,出现了一些新的要求高质量软件的用户。所以应从全局观点,长远观点来考虑巨型机软件的开发工作。

Mineral Medicine: Chinese Medical Stone

A simple experiment of rat gastric ulcer was carried out to study the medical effect of Chinese Medical Stone which is a kind of Mineral Medicine of mines in China on gastric ulcer in rats.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the Chinese Medical Stone on the prevention and treatment of experimental gastrointestinal disease,especially gastric ulcer.

The Proposed Fuzzy_IAMR Approach

In this paper we present a fuzzy_IAMR Intelligent Autonomous Mobile Robot navigation approach of Autonomous Mobile Robot. The robot has to find a collision-free trajectory between the starting configuration and the goal configuration in a static unknown environment containing some obstacles. To deal with autonomy requirements and to present a real intelligent task, the use of the Fuzzy Logic FL has an advantage of adaptivity such that this approach works perfectly even if an environment is unknown. In this context, we present a software implementation Fuzzy Logic FL path planning in a terrain. Fuzzy logic allows a continuum of control variables such as heading angles and speeds to be considered, as opposed to the discrete numbers used in crisp behaviors. Artificial intelligence, including Fuzzy logic has been actively studied and applied to domains such as automatically control of complex systems like robot. In f act, recognition, learning, decision-making, and action constitute the principal obstacle avoidance problems, so it is interesting to replace the classical approaches by technical approaches based on intelligent computing technologies. This technology FL is becoming useful as alternate approach to the classical techniques one. Also, fuzzy logic can be viewed as an attempt to bring together conventional precise mathematics and humanlike decision-making concepts. Fuzzy logic can be a valid approach solving control problem in a wide range of applications. To deal with the principle, the robot moves within the unknown environment by sensing and avoiding the obstacles coming across its way towards the unknown target. This algorithm provides the robot the possibility to move from the initial position to the final position (target) without collisions where the main factors of moving are included such as learning, deciding, acting, cognition, perception, and thinking. The robot succeeds to reach the target without collisions. The results gotten of the FL on randomly generated terrains are very satisfactory and promising. The extension of the FL for solving both paths planning and trajectory planning.