Results Sixty-one cancer survivors and 183 matched non-cancer patients were screened from 2,828 COVID-19 infected patients admitted to 4 hospitals in Wuhan,China.The median ages of the cancer survivor cohort and non-c...Results Sixty-one cancer survivors and 183 matched non-cancer patients were screened from 2,828 COVID-19 infected patients admitted to 4 hospitals in Wuhan,China.The median ages of the cancer survivor cohort and non-cancer patient cohort were 64.0(55.0–73.0)and 64.0(54.0–73.5),respectively(P=0.909).Cancer survivors reported a higher incidence of symptom onset than non-cancer patients.Fever(80.3%vs.65.0%;P=0.026)was the most prevalent symptom,followed by cough(65.6%vs.37.7%;P<0.001),myalgia,and fatigue(45.9%vs.13.6%;P<0.001).The risks of the development of severe events(adjusted hazard ratio[AHR]=1.25;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.76–2.06;P=0.378)and mortality(relative risk[RR]=0.90,95%CI:0.79–1.04;P=0.416)in the cancer survivor cohort were comparable to those of the matched non-cancer patient cohort.However,the cancer survivor cohort showed a higher incidence of secondary infection(52.5%vs.30.1%;RR=1.47,95%CI:1.11–1.95;P=0.002)and a prolonged viral RNA shedding duration(32 days[IQR 26.0–46.0]vs.24.0 days[IQR 18.0–33.0];AHR=0.54;95%CI:0.38–0.80;P<0.05).Conclusion Compared to non-cancer patients,cancer survivors with COVID-19 exhibited a higher incidence of secondary infection,a prolonged period of viral shedding,but comparable risks of the development of severe events and mortality.It is helpful for clinicians to take tailored measures to treat cancer survivors with COVID-19.展开更多
Objective:Osteosarcoma is one of the most common types of bone sarcoma with a poor prognosis.However,identifying the predictive factors that contribute to the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains a significant...Objective:Osteosarcoma is one of the most common types of bone sarcoma with a poor prognosis.However,identifying the predictive factors that contribute to the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains a significant challenge.Methods:A public data series(GSE87437)was downloaded to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and differentially expressed lncRNAs(DElncRNAs)between osteosarcoma patients that do and do not respond to preoperative chemotherapy.Subsequently,functional analysis of the transcriptome expression profile,regulatory networks of DEGs and DElncRNAs,competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNA)and protein-protein interaction networks were performed.Furthermore,the function,pathway,and survival analysis of hub genes was performed and drug and disease relationship prediction of DElncRNA was carried out.Results:A total of 626 DEGs,26 DElncRNAs,and 18 hub genes were identified.However,only one gene and two lncRNAs were found to be suitable as candidate gene and lncRNAs respectively.Conclusion:The DEGs,hub genes,candidate gene,and candidate lncRNAs screened out in this context were considered as potential biomarkers for the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy of osteosarcoma.展开更多
Tumor-associated macrophages have emerged as crucial factors for metastases.Microglia are indispensable components of the brain microenvironment and play vital roles in brain metastasis(BM).However,the underlying mech...Tumor-associated macrophages have emerged as crucial factors for metastases.Microglia are indispensable components of the brain microenvironment and play vital roles in brain metastasis(BM).However,the underlying mechanism of how activated microglia promote brain metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)remains elusive.展开更多
There is a very urgent need and clinical demand of robust biomarkers in cancer screening,especially in early hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)surveillance as outlined by various professional international associations as ...There is a very urgent need and clinical demand of robust biomarkers in cancer screening,especially in early hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)surveillance as outlined by various professional international associations as the European Association for the study of the Liver(EASL),or the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver(APASL)and national professional organisations as the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases(AASLD),besides others.Newest data on primarily HCC is still depicting this cancer entity as the sixth most frequently diagnosed cancer,with over 900,000 new cases and over 830,000 deaths worldwide(1).This type of cancer,therefore,remains at the forefront of malignant diseases.Thus,every element of patient management,including early diagnosis and prognosis of treatment response and survival,is a challenge.展开更多
The liver is an important immunological organ that controls systemic tolerance.The liver harbors professional and unconventional antigen-presenting cells that are crucial for tolerance induction and maintenance.Orches...The liver is an important immunological organ that controls systemic tolerance.The liver harbors professional and unconventional antigen-presenting cells that are crucial for tolerance induction and maintenance.Orchestrating the immune response in homeostasis depends on a healthy and well-toned immunological liver microenvironment,which Is maintained by the crosstalk of liver-resident antigen-presenting cells and intrahepatic and liver-infiltrating leukocytes.In response to pathogens or autoantigens,tolerance is disrupted by unknown mechanisms.Intrahepatic parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells exhibit unique antigen-presenting properties.The presentation of microbial and endogenous lipid-,metabolite-and peptide-derived antigens from the gut via conventional and nonconventional mechanisms can educate intrahepatic immune cells and elicit effector responses or tolerance.Perturbation of this balance results in autoimmune liver diseases,such as autoimmune hepatitis,primary biliary cholangitis,and primary sclerosing cholangitis.Although the exact etiologies of these autoimmune liver diseases are unknown,it is thought that the disruption of tolerance towards self-antigens and microbial metabolites and lipids,as well as alterations in bile acid composition,may result in changes in effector cell activation and polarization and may reduce or impair protective antiinflammatory regulatory T and B cell responses.Additionally,the canonical and noncanonical transmission of antigens and antigen:MHC complexes via trogocytosis or extracellular vesicles between different(non)immune cells in the liver may play a role in the induction of hepatic inflammation and tolerance.Here,we summarize emerging aspects of antigen presentation,autoantibody production,and the application of novel therapeutic approaches in the characterization and treatment of autoimmune liver diseases.展开更多
基金Supported by grants from the SGC’s Rapid Response Funding for Bilgateral Collaborative Emergence COVID-19 Project between China and Germany(No.C-0065)COVID-19 Emergency Project of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(No.2020kfyXGYJ062)Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer Grant,Hubei Chen Xiaoping Science and Technology Development Foundation(No.CXPJJH12000001-2020344).
文摘Results Sixty-one cancer survivors and 183 matched non-cancer patients were screened from 2,828 COVID-19 infected patients admitted to 4 hospitals in Wuhan,China.The median ages of the cancer survivor cohort and non-cancer patient cohort were 64.0(55.0–73.0)and 64.0(54.0–73.5),respectively(P=0.909).Cancer survivors reported a higher incidence of symptom onset than non-cancer patients.Fever(80.3%vs.65.0%;P=0.026)was the most prevalent symptom,followed by cough(65.6%vs.37.7%;P<0.001),myalgia,and fatigue(45.9%vs.13.6%;P<0.001).The risks of the development of severe events(adjusted hazard ratio[AHR]=1.25;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.76–2.06;P=0.378)and mortality(relative risk[RR]=0.90,95%CI:0.79–1.04;P=0.416)in the cancer survivor cohort were comparable to those of the matched non-cancer patient cohort.However,the cancer survivor cohort showed a higher incidence of secondary infection(52.5%vs.30.1%;RR=1.47,95%CI:1.11–1.95;P=0.002)and a prolonged viral RNA shedding duration(32 days[IQR 26.0–46.0]vs.24.0 days[IQR 18.0–33.0];AHR=0.54;95%CI:0.38–0.80;P<0.05).Conclusion Compared to non-cancer patients,cancer survivors with COVID-19 exhibited a higher incidence of secondary infection,a prolonged period of viral shedding,but comparable risks of the development of severe events and mortality.It is helpful for clinicians to take tailored measures to treat cancer survivors with COVID-19.
基金supported by the grant from the Research Foundation of Tongji Hospital(No.2019B17).
文摘Objective:Osteosarcoma is one of the most common types of bone sarcoma with a poor prognosis.However,identifying the predictive factors that contribute to the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains a significant challenge.Methods:A public data series(GSE87437)was downloaded to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and differentially expressed lncRNAs(DElncRNAs)between osteosarcoma patients that do and do not respond to preoperative chemotherapy.Subsequently,functional analysis of the transcriptome expression profile,regulatory networks of DEGs and DElncRNAs,competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNA)and protein-protein interaction networks were performed.Furthermore,the function,pathway,and survival analysis of hub genes was performed and drug and disease relationship prediction of DElncRNA was carried out.Results:A total of 626 DEGs,26 DElncRNAs,and 18 hub genes were identified.However,only one gene and two lncRNAs were found to be suitable as candidate gene and lncRNAs respectively.Conclusion:The DEGs,hub genes,candidate gene,and candidate lncRNAs screened out in this context were considered as potential biomarkers for the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy of osteosarcoma.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.81773360)the Engineering Research Center Innovation Capacity Building Project of Hubei(Grant no.2018-420114-35-03-071705)the National Independent Innovation Fund(Grant no.5003540112).
文摘Tumor-associated macrophages have emerged as crucial factors for metastases.Microglia are indispensable components of the brain microenvironment and play vital roles in brain metastasis(BM).However,the underlying mechanism of how activated microglia promote brain metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)remains elusive.
基金This publication was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation),grant number 410853455 to MTK and grant number 411345524 to VLK.
文摘There is a very urgent need and clinical demand of robust biomarkers in cancer screening,especially in early hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)surveillance as outlined by various professional international associations as the European Association for the study of the Liver(EASL),or the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver(APASL)and national professional organisations as the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases(AASLD),besides others.Newest data on primarily HCC is still depicting this cancer entity as the sixth most frequently diagnosed cancer,with over 900,000 new cases and over 830,000 deaths worldwide(1).This type of cancer,therefore,remains at the forefront of malignant diseases.Thus,every element of patient management,including early diagnosis and prognosis of treatment response and survival,is a challenge.
基金supported by funding from the German Research Foundation(DFG),Collaborative Research grants within the CRC841(SFB841:"Liver inflammation:Infection,immune regulation und consequences"),projects B01 to A.K.H.and G.T.,B09 to L.D.the Clinical Research Group KF0306("Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis"),project 04 to G.T.
文摘The liver is an important immunological organ that controls systemic tolerance.The liver harbors professional and unconventional antigen-presenting cells that are crucial for tolerance induction and maintenance.Orchestrating the immune response in homeostasis depends on a healthy and well-toned immunological liver microenvironment,which Is maintained by the crosstalk of liver-resident antigen-presenting cells and intrahepatic and liver-infiltrating leukocytes.In response to pathogens or autoantigens,tolerance is disrupted by unknown mechanisms.Intrahepatic parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells exhibit unique antigen-presenting properties.The presentation of microbial and endogenous lipid-,metabolite-and peptide-derived antigens from the gut via conventional and nonconventional mechanisms can educate intrahepatic immune cells and elicit effector responses or tolerance.Perturbation of this balance results in autoimmune liver diseases,such as autoimmune hepatitis,primary biliary cholangitis,and primary sclerosing cholangitis.Although the exact etiologies of these autoimmune liver diseases are unknown,it is thought that the disruption of tolerance towards self-antigens and microbial metabolites and lipids,as well as alterations in bile acid composition,may result in changes in effector cell activation and polarization and may reduce or impair protective antiinflammatory regulatory T and B cell responses.Additionally,the canonical and noncanonical transmission of antigens and antigen:MHC complexes via trogocytosis or extracellular vesicles between different(non)immune cells in the liver may play a role in the induction of hepatic inflammation and tolerance.Here,we summarize emerging aspects of antigen presentation,autoantibody production,and the application of novel therapeutic approaches in the characterization and treatment of autoimmune liver diseases.
