Effect of gastrin on protein kinase C and its subtype in human colon cancer cell line SW480

INTRODUCTIONGastrin is atrophic gastrointestinal hormone whichis secreted by G cell.Gastrin has long beenconsidered a growth stimulatory hormone formucosa of the gastrointestinal tract.The growthresponses of certain colorectal cancer cells,andxenografts,can be stimulated by endogenousgastrin.Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family ofisozymes that plays a crucial role in transducingsignals of many hormones,growth peptides,

Influence of Intensive Insulin Therapy on Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Patients with Severe Trauma

The influence of early-stage intensive insulin therapy on the plasma levels of vascular en- dothelial growth factor （VEGF） and the related parameters in patients with severe trauma and the clini- cal implication were investigated. Sixty-four cases of severe trauma （injury severity score 〉20） with stress hyperglycemia （blood glucose 〉9 mmol/L） were randomly divided into intensive insulin therapy group and conventional therapy group. ELISA method, radioimmunoassay and density gradient grada- tion one-step process were used to determine plasma VEGF, endothelin-1 （ET-1）, and the number of circulating endothelial cells （CECs） at the day of 0, 2, 3, 5 and 7 after admission. Simultaneously, the changes of CRP concentration in plasma were monitored to evaluate inflammatory response. The results showed that plasma levels of observational indexes in patients receiving early-stage intensive insulin therapy were all significantly lower than those in conventional therapy groups 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after admission [for VEGF （ng/L）, 122.2±23.8 vs. 135.9±26.5, 109.6±27.3 vs. 129.0±18.4, 88.7±18.2 vs. 102.6±27.3, 54.2±26.4 vs. 85.7±35.2, P〈0.05, 0.01, 0.05, 0.05 respectively; for ET-1 （ng/L）, 162.8±23.5 vs. 173.7±13.2, 128.6±17.5 vs. 148.8±22.4, 96.5±14.8 vs. 125.7±14.8, 90.7±16.9 vs. 104.9±22.5, P〈0.05, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01 respectively; for CRP （mg/L）, 23.2±13.8 vs. 31.9±16.5, 13.6±17.3 vs. 23.5±18.4, 8.7±10.2 vs. 15.6±13.3, 5.2±9.4 vs. 10.7±11.2, all P〈0.05; for CECs （/0.9 μL）, 10.9±5.6 vs. 13.9±6.2, 8.5±4.9 vs. 11.3±5.3, 6.3±6.4 vs. 9.4±5.7, 4.8±7.1 vs. 7.8±4.8, all P〈0.05]. It was concluded that intensive insulin therapy could antagonize the endothelium injury after trauma and reduce inflammation response quickly, which was one of important mechanisms by which intensive insulin therapy improves the prognosis of trauma patients.

Effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone and electroacupuncture on formalin-induced NOS-positiTe neurons in the spinal cord of rats

AIM:To study the effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) and electroacupuncture (EA) on formalin-induced nitric oxide synthetase (NOS)-positive neurons increases in the spinal cord or rats.METHODS:ACTH was administered by intrathecal injection (i.t.)and EA stimulation on “jiaji” point was performed by 1 mA 50Hz,5mA 5Hz and 1mA 5Hz respectively.The NOS-positive neurons were assayed by NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry.RESULTS:The results showed that both ACTH(0.5u,i.t.)and EA stimulation (1mA 50Hz,5mA 5Hz,1mA 5Hz) on “jiaji” point 30min significantly reduced the formalin-induced NOS-ositive neurons in the rat dorsal horn.The combinative use of ACTH (0.5u,i.t.) and EA(1mA 5Hz) caused a more marked reduction of the numbers of NOS positive neurons than that of the single ACTH or EA.Those effects were partially reversed by pretreatment with either the substrate of NOS,L-arginine (10nmol,i.t.)or opioid antagonist naloxone(10g,i.t.).CONCLUSION:These results suggests that both ACTH and EA might inhibit the formalin-induced NOS-positive neurons increases and have a synergic effect acting via a different pathway.

Effects of ambient pressure on the severity of blast injury in rats

The effects of different ambient pressures of 53.99,61.33 and 96.60 kPa on theseverity of blast injury were observed in rats.It was found that when the incident shock wavewas 190.40 kPa in its peak pressure and 10 ms in its duration, both the mortality and the severityof lung injury were progressively increased along with the decrease of the ambient pressure.Themortality rate of the rats in the 6th hour after exposure was 0%,25% and 36.8% and the hem-orrhagic area on the lungs was 63.75+69.01,313.50+357.25 and 653.21+652.25 squaremilimeters when the ambient pressure was 96.60,61.33 and 53.99 kPa respectively.In addi-tion, the lung/body index was 0.93+0.21%,1.31+0.65% and 1.50+0.77% respectively.Itis believed that the decrease of the ambient pressure might decrease the tolerance of the rat to theimpact of blast waves to result in higher mortality and more extensive hemorrhage on the lungs.

Effect of nerve growth factor on angiogenesis in a rat model of sciatic nerve regeneration

BACKGROUND： It remains to be determined whether nerve growth factor （NGF） can promote angiogenesis in regenerating peripheral nerves during repairing peripheral nerve injury. OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effects of NGF on angiogenesis, and to analyze the influencing mechanisms of NGF, according to the expression patterns of CD34, von Willebrand factor （vWF）, vascular endothelial cell growth factor （VEGF）, and the NGF receptor TrkA in proliferating vascular endothelial cells from a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized, controlled study performed at the Research Institute of Field Surgery, Daping Hospital affiliated to the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, between October 2003 and July 2005. MATERIALS： Forty-five healthy, adult, Wistar rats underwent sciatic nerve injury. The rats were randomly divided into four groups： NGF ＋ chitosan （n = 15）, NGF ＋ chitosan ＋ anti-VEGF （n = 10）, chitosan （n = 10）, and physiological saline （n = 10）. METHODS： A 1 -cm defected sciatic nerve was bridged with a silica gel conduit. NGF ＋ chitosan group： 100 μ L chitosan and 5 μ L NGF （20 mg/L） were injected into the silica gel conduit; NGF ＋ chitosan ＋ anti-VEGF group： an additional 5μ L anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody （1 g/L） was injected into the silica gel conduit; chitosan group： 100μL chitosan and 5 μL physiological saline were injected into the silica gel conduit; physiological saline group： only 5μL physiological saline was injected into the silica gel conduit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： CD34 and vWf were used to label blood capillaries and large-diameter blood vessels in the regenerating peripheral nerves, respectively. At day 14 following surgery, immunohistochemistry was used to detect and semi-quantitatively analyze expressions of CD34, vWf, VEGF, and TrkA in proliferating vascular endothelial cells in the regenerating sciatic nerve. A confocal laser microscope was used to determine co-expression. RESULTS： Expressions of TrkA, CD34, vWf, and VEGF in the NGF ＋ chitosan group were significantly greater than the physiological saline and chitosan groups （P 〈 0.05-0.01）. Expressions of CD34 and VEGF in the NGF ＋ chitosan ＋ anti-VEGF group were completely inhibited, while expressions of vWf and TrkA gradually decreased, compared with the NGF ＋ chitosan group （P 〈 0.01）. Confocal microscopy revealed strong co-expression of VEGF and CD34 in the regenerating sciatic nerve, and CD34 expression positively correlated with VEGF expression. In addition, VEGF expression was greater than CD34 expression, and coexpression of VEGF and vWf was also strong. CONCLUSION： VEGF was expressed in blood capillaries and large-diameter blood vessels, while exogenous NGF promoted VEGF expression in regenerating sciatic nerves, thereby increasing angiogenesis.

Changes of Lipid Peroxides and Superoxide Dismutase in Visceral Tissues during Endotoxic Shock in Rats

As compared with the control,the malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in the cardi-ac,pulmonary,and intestinal tissues were elevated(P【0.05),and the superoxide dismu-tase activities in the cardiac,pulmonary,and intestinal tissues increased(P【0.05)at the30th min after endotoxic shock;the former in the cardiac,hepatic,renal,pulmonary,andintestinal tissues were elevated(P【0.05～0.001)and the latter in the cardiac,pulmona-ry,and intestinal tissues decreased in the 2nd h after shock;and the former were marke-dly elevated(P【0.01～0.001)and the latter severely decreased(P【【0.05～0.001)in allthe visceral tissues tested in the 4th h after shock.These data showed that lipid peroxid-ation mediated through oxygen-derived free radicals brought about tissue damage of theviscera listed above,which occurred earlier in the heart,the lungs and the intestines thanin the liver and the kidneys,and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was suppressed inthe late stage of endotoxic shock.

Effect of high cholesterol diet on spatial learning and memory in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease

BACKGROUND： Recently study indicates a potentially important link between cholesterol, Aβ deposit, and clinicopathological manifestation of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. OBJECTIVE： To study the effect of high cholesterol diet on cognitive function and neuronal loss of hippocampal dentate gyrus in AD model rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized controlled animal study, which was performed in the Laboratory of Stem Cells, Department of Pathology, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from February 2006 to March 2007. MATERIALS： Twenty healthy, male, Wistar rats, aged 3-4 months and weighing （300 ± 20） g, were selected for this study. A β 1- 40 was provided by Sigma Company, USA. Standard diet and high cholesterol diet mixed with cholesterol （5%）, sodium hypocholic acid （1%）, lard （10%）, and ordinary rat food （84%） were provided by Experimental Animal Center, Institute of Field Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. METHODS： Rats were fed on high cholesterol diet or standard diet for eight successive weeks. Then, rats were randomly divided into cholesterol diet ＋A β, high cholesterol diet ＋ phosphate buffered saline（PBS）, standard diet ＋ A β, and standard diet ＋ PBS group, with five rats in each group. AD rat models were established by local injection of A β 1-40 solution （10 μ L） into the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Rats in the control group were injected with the same volume of PBS. After injection, rat were fed for two weeks MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Neuronal cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus were detected by Nissl staining; spatial navigation and spatial probe were detected by Morris water maze to reflect learning and memory. RESULTS： Twenty rats were included in the final analysis, without any loss. （1） Neuronal numbers： neuronal loss in the high cholesterol diet ＋ A β and standard diet ＋ A β groups was significantly higher than in the PBS groups （P 〈 0.01）. In particular, loss of pyramidal cells in the high cholesterol diet ＋ A β group was significantly higher than in the standard diet ＋ A β group （P 〈 0.01）. （2） Average escape latency： average escape latency was ranked as follows： cholesterol diet ＋ A β group 〉 standard diet ＋ A β group 〉 high cholesterol diet ＋ PBS group 〉 standard diet ＋ PBS group. Moreover, the number of occasions on which the platform was passed--as well as percentage of swimming distance between two quadrants within two minutes--negatively correlated with average escape latency. CONCLUSION： High cholesterol diet may accelerate neuronal loss in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and aggravate cognitive impairment in AD rats.

Expression change of nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) in androgen independence prostate cancer and its clinical significance

Objective：To explore the expression of nuclear receptor corepressor （NCoR） in androgen independence prostate cancer （AIPC） and its clinical significance. Methods：The expression of NCoR and androgen receptor （AR） in prostatie tissues, from 15 cases with AIPC, 20 cases with androgen dependence prostate cancer （ADPC） and 20 cases with benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH）, was detected by immunohistoehemistry respectively. Results：The expression of NCoR was observed mainly in the nucleus and slightly in the nucleus. The positive cell percentage of NCoR in AIPC was significantly lower than that in ADPC and BPH （P〈0. 01）. The NCoR expression was significantly lower in low differentiation prostate cancer （Pca） than that in high differentiation Pca （P〈0. 05）. The rate of NCoR expression was significantly higher in low stage Pca than that in high stage Pca （P〈0. 05）. AR, expressing in the nucleus, was found to be negative in one case of AIPC, while was strongly expressed in other cases of AIPC, and all eases of ADPC and BPH. Conclusion： The transition to AIPC of Pea may be correlated with the decrease of NCoR protein.

Research on Influence of Clopidogrel on Life Quality in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack and its Influencing Factors

Purpose:To analyze the basic situation and health related quality of life(HRQOL)results of patients with transient ischemic attack(TIA),and to study the influencing factors of health related quality of life in patients receiving clopidogrel.Method:Divide the TIA patients into clopidogrel group,aspirin group and untreated group.Measure HRQOL scores of TIA patients using the short form 36 questionnaire(SF-36)scale and analyze influencing factors of HRQOL with one-way ANOVA and multivariate stepwise linear regression statistical methods.Results:The differences of HRQOL scores among three groups are of statistical significance(F=4.29,P=0.00).There is no difference in HRQOL score between clopidogrel group and aspirin group(t=5.35,P=0.00),but HRQOL scores of clopidogrel group and aspirin group are higher than those of the untreated group(t=6.14,P=0.00;t=5.16,P=0.00).The HRQOL scores of clopidogrel group are positively correlated with diet,exercise,gender and family harmony(P<0.05),but negatively correlated with diabetes,hypertension,smoking,drinking,hyperlipidemia,age,career and ABCD2 score(P<0.05).Conclusion:TIA patients who received secondary prevention with clopidogrel and aspirin show better life quality results than those who did not.There were many factors influencing clopidogrel's treatment effect.Paying attention to middle-aged and elderly,the obese,mental workers and female TIA patients,teach TIA patients to quit smoking,drinking and eating low-salt and low-fat food,actively treating their hypertension,hyperlipidemia and diabetes and laying emphasis on psychological counseling and exercise can significantly improve the treatment effect of clopidogrel.

Clinical Observation on Effect of Yangxue Qingnao Granule(养血清脑颗粒剂)in Treating Patients with Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

Objective:To observe the efficacy of Yangxue Qingnao granule (YXQNG,养血清脑颗粒剂) in treating cerebral arteriosclerosis and to explore its mechanisms. Methods: One hundred and sixty-seven patients with arteriosclerosis were randomly divided into the treated group treated with conventional medical treatment plus YXQNG and the control group treated with conventional medical treatment alone, to observe the changes before and after treatment in scores of chief symptoms, mean velocity of cerebral blood flow (VM), plasma nitric oxide (NO), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and endothelin (ET) levels. Results: (1)After treatment in the treated group, the scores of chief symptoms such as vertigo, headache and tinnitus were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01) ; (2) NO and CGRP level in the treated group after treatment obviously elevated, and ET and VM markedly reduced ( P < 0. 01), while no evident change of these parameters was found in the control group (P<0. 01). Conclusion: The efficacy of YXQNG in treating cerebral arteriosclerosis is definite, modulating the level of vasoactive factors was its important mechanism.Original article on CJITWM (Chin) 2004 ;24 (3): 202

胸部撞击后肺组织细胞凋亡的变化及其意义

目的 探讨胸部撞击后肺损伤特点、肺组织细胞凋亡分布特征及其在肺损伤发生中的作用。方法 建立大鼠重度肺撞击伤模型，采用流式细胞术、免疫组化和形态学方法观察肺病理变化和细胞凋亡情况。结果 撞击侧肺（右肺）发生明显的出血、充血、水肿，光镜下可见肺组织较广泛的出血和结构破坏。对侧肺（左肺）伤情明显轻于右肺。伤后24 h双侧肺组织中细胞凋亡率均显著高于伤前水平（P<0.05）。右肺伤后48 h迅速升高，72 h达峰值，之后逐渐下降，伤后1周接近伤前水平。左肺组织细胞凋亡率显著低于右肺（P<0.05），在伤后48 h达高峰，72 h明显降低并接近伤前水平。右肺伤后24 h细胞凋亡以支气管、血管内皮和肺泡上皮为主，72 h以炎性细胞为主。结论 支气管、血管内皮和肺泡上皮是应力波作用的主要部位，该区域发生的细胞凋亡是肺水肿及继发性肺损伤的发生的重要原因之一。

颌面部爆炸伤后外形修复实验研究(英文)

Objective To study the characteristics and the way of reconstruction in maxillofacial explosive wound.Methods30dogs were randomly divided into 6groups and th e maxillofacial region were wounded by smoothbore barrels combined with detonators.Histological changes of soft tissue at different distance from wound track were observed after injury.At 72h post injury,5dogs in o ne group were re-debrided and reconstructed.Results At 72h after wound,the soft tissue in jury was the most serious.Muscles at 0～0.8cm distant to the wound track we re completely necrotized.The vibration area spread beyond 1.6cm.The wounds were well healed.Conclusions The explosive injury of max-illofacial region was characterize d by wide range of injury and heavily c ontamination.The reconstruction o f soft tissue defect by vascularized gracilis flaps was effective.

An underpressure generator and its application

A generator to induce simulated underpressure of blast waves has been designed andapplied for the study of underpressure injuries in animals.The generator consists of a vacuumchamber,a vacuum pump,an experimental chamber,a membrane-rupturing device,and apressure-measuring system.When the pressure in the vacuum chamber is reduced with the suc-tion of the vacuum pump to a given level,the membrane separating the vacuum chamber andthe experimental chamber,in which the experimental animal is fixed,is ruptured instantly by asharp pointer.Underpressure occurs in the experimental chamber as soon as its pressure is re-duced rapidly.The physical parameters of the simulated underpressure of blast waves rangefrom-13 to-90 kPa for the peak level,1 to 90 ms for the decreasing time and 14 to 2000 msfor the duration.Animal experimentation with the generator verified that underpressure can in-flict injuries on living bodies as well.

Operative treatment via anterior approaches for cervicothoracic vertebrae tumors:surgical techniques and primary outcome

Objective： To sum up 7 patients with cervicothoracic vertebrae tumors （Cr to T3） from March 1999 and May 2002, who underwent operative treatment via anterior approaches. Methods ：The anterior approaches included low anterior cervical approach and high transthoracic approach. In 5 cases of segments of T1 and above involved, the low anterior cervical approaches were adopted, otherwise the high transthoracic approaches were used（2 cases）. Excision of tumor was carried out according to demands of the Weinstein-Boriani-Biagini （WBB） staging system. Spine stability was reconstructed by bone autografting and instrumentation. There were 4 cases of primary tumor and 3 of metastases. Their mean age was 45. 1 years （23 to 66）. The mean follow-up was 18.9 months （3 to 45）. Results were evaluated by occurrence of complications, improvement of symptoms, local recurrence and mortality. Results： All patients stood surgery well. No significant complications occurred during and after operation. Local pain was significantly alleviated and neurological deficit was improved at least one Frankel grade. Three patients died. Local tumor control was obtained in 6 patients （85.7 % ） until the end of follow-up. Conclusion.-Our experience showed that via low anterior cervical approach and high transthoracic approach, the cervicothoracic vertebrae tumor could be excised safely and adequately. Moreover, excision of tumor according to the WBB surgical staging system and reconstruction of spine stability have made great contribution to local tumor control and the neurological function improvement.

A comparison of retroperitoneoscopic and open surgical renal pedicle lymphatic disconnection for the treatment of serious filarial chyluria

Currently the most effective clinical management for serious intractable chyluria is renal pedicle lymphatic disconnection, which generally consists of nephrolympholysis, renal hilar lymphatic vessel stripping and ureterolympholysis. In most conventional open surgical procedures, a lumbar incision is used and perinephrium and adipose capsule of kidney cut open, resulting in a heavy injury and long interval of postoperative recovery. The laparoscopic technique, with minimal invasion, less complications and rapid postoperative recovery, is being utilized more and more as the alternative surgical technique for urological disease.

Comparative study on effects of burn-blast combined injury and burn-firearm combined injury complicated with seawater immersion on vascular endothelial cells

Objective: To comparatively study the effects and mechanisms of burn-blast combined injury and burn-firearm combined injury complicated with seawater immersion on vascular endothelial cells. Methods: A total of 40 healthy adult hybrid dogs of both sexes, weighing 12-15 kg, were used in this study. Randomly-selected 20 dogs were established as models of burn-blast combined injury (the burn-blast injury group) and the other 20 dogs as models of burn-firearm combined injury (the burn-firearm injury group). Then the wounds of all the dogs were immediately immersed in seawater for 4 hours, and then they were taken out from the seawater. Blood samples were withdrawn from the central vein of the dogs before injury, and at 4, 7, 10, 20, and 28 hours after injury to measure the circulating endothelial cells and the von Willebrand factor. Results: Circulating endothelial cells increased significantly at 4 hours after injury in all the dogs. But they reached peak at 7 hours after injury in the burn-blast injury group and at 28 hours after injury in the burn-firearm injury group. The changes of circulating endothelial cells in the burn-blast injury group were significantly different from those in the burn-firearm injury group at 4, 7, 20, and 28 hours after injury (P<(0.01)). The von Willebrand factor reached peak at 4 hours after injury in the burn-blast injury group and at 28 hours in the burn-firearm injury group. The changes of von Willebrand factor in the burn-blast injury group were significantly different from those in the burn-firearm injury group at 4, 20, and 28 hours after injury (P<(0.01)). Conclusions: In burn-blast injury combined with seawater immersion, the vascular endothelial cells changed most significantly at 4 hours or 7 hours after injury, while burn-firearm injury combined with seawater immersion have the same at 20 hours or 28 hours after injury.

Effects of seawater immersion on the functions of mitochondria of myocardium and hepatocyte in hemorrhagic shock rats

Objective: To investigate the effects of seawater immersion on the function of myocardium and hepatocyte mitochondria in experimental hemorrhagic shock rats. Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n=8 in each group): control group, HSL group (hemorrhagic shock group on land) and HSS group (hemorrhagic shock group in seawater). The hemodynamic parameters, activities of H+-ATPase (adenosinetriphosphatase), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and Ca 2+-Mg 2+-ATPase, the calcium contents in myocardium and hepatocyte mitochondria were measured and the changes of proton translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane were analyzed. Results: The hemodynamic indexes and the activities of H+-ATPase, SDH, Ca 2+-Mg 2+-ATPase in HSS group were significantly lower than those in control group and HSL group (P< 0.05). In HSS group the calcium levels in tissue and mitochondria of myocardium and hepatocyte were elevated significantly compared with control group and HSL group(P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in proton translocation among three groups. Conclusions: This investigation demonstrates that seawater immersion can aggravate the conditions of hemorrhagic shock rats.

Application of injury severity score to multiple injuries headed by spinal cord injury

Objective： To evaluate the application of injury severity score （ISS） to multiple injuries headed by spinal cord injury. Methods： The data of 55 cases （40 males and 15 females, aged 17-69 years, mean = 41 years） of multiple injuries headed by spinal cord injury treated in our hospital from January 2000 to December 2004 were reviewed and analyzed with ISS （Version of AIS-2005 ） to explore their relationship. Results ： The ISS values increased with the number of injured regions, so did the complications. The recovery rate was negatively related to ISS values. During the period of immunity observation, the patients with ISS 〉 25 could undergo planned operations safely. Conclusions： Treatment for multiple injuries headed by spinal cord injury closely depends on the general and local conditions of the patients. ISS may provide useful data for the choice of treatment methods.

Pathological study of rabbits' femoral arteries subjected to gunshot wounds combining with seawater immersion

Objective: To investigate pathological characteristics of gunshot wounds concomitant seawater immersion in rabbits’ femoral arteries. Methods: Thirty rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: simple gunshot-wound group (Group I, n=10), gunshot wound with seawater immersion for 30 mins (Group II, n=10), and 60 mins group (Group III, n=10). Femoral arteries were impacted by (0.38 g) steel spheres fired with a (7.62 mm) rifle. After being wounded, rabbits in Groups II and III were immersed in seawater for 30 or 60 mins, but those in Group I were not. At 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 hours following injury, a 40 mm segment of the artery on each side of the gunshot point were excised and observed by light and electron microscopy. Results: The patterns of arterial injuries were mainly contusion and transection. Completely transected artery was classified as primary-wound-tract area, contused area and shocked area. Compared with those in Group I, the primary-wound-tract and contused areas in Group II manifested obvious swelling in the arterial wall especially at the outside 2/3 of the media. Vacuolar structures were often seen in smooth muscle cells of the media. Intercellular space among the smooth muscle cells were filled with homogeneous acidophilic substances. Deep rugae among endothelial cells flattened or rugal folds lost their longitudinal orientation, and marked fibrin and platelet deposition were noticed. No significant difference was detected between Group II and III. The pathological changes in the shocked area were similar in 3 groups. Conclusions: For gunshot wounds concomitant seawater immersion in rabbits’ femoral arteries, there was a marked swelling of cells and intercellular space in primary-wound-tract area and contusion area. The influence of these pathological changes on surgical reparation deservers further study.