Unusual carbonaceous matter, termed here chiemite, composed of more than 90% C from the Alpine Foreland at Lake Chiemsee in Bavaria, southeastern Germany has been investigated using optical and atomic force microscopy...Unusual carbonaceous matter, termed here chiemite, composed of more than 90% C from the Alpine Foreland at Lake Chiemsee in Bavaria, southeastern Germany has been investigated using optical and atomic force microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis, as well as by δ13 C and 14 C radiocarbon isotopic data analysis. In the pumice-like fragments, poorly ordered carbon matter co-exists with high-ordering monocrystalline α-carbyne, and contains submicrometersized inclusions of complex composition. Diamond and carbyne add to the peculiar mix of matter. The required very high temperatures and pressures for carbyne formation point to a shock event probably from the recently proposed Holocene Chiemgau meteorite impact. The carbon material is suggested to have largely formed from heavily shocked coal, vegetation like wood, and peat from the impact target area. The carbonization/coalification high PT process may be attributed to a strong shock that instantaneously caused the complete evaporation and loss of volatile matter and water, which nevertheless preserved the original cellular structure seen fossilized in many fragments. Relatively fresh wood encapsulated in the purported strongly shocked matter point to quenched carbon melt components possibly important for the discussion of survival of organic matter in meteorite impacts, implying an astrobiological relationship.展开更多
Studies of carbon nanomaterials(CNM)synthesized from lignocellulosic biomass,and natural and technical lignins were carried out.For the first time,we suggested using stems of Sosnovsky hogweed,one of the most aggressi...Studies of carbon nanomaterials(CNM)synthesized from lignocellulosic biomass,and natural and technical lignins were carried out.For the first time,we suggested using stems of Sosnovsky hogweed,one of the most aggressive and poisonous invasive plant species,to produce CNM.The influence of the choice of raw materials and synthesis conditions on the sorption and surface-porous characteristics of the samples was evaluated.The main regularities of adsorption processes from aqueous media with a low concentration(0.625μg/ml)of uranium were established.We found that strong retention of uranium characterizes carbonized biopolymers(CBP)samples,a significant amount of which(67-70%)is not desorbed either by water or aqueous solutions of CH3COONH4 and HCI(1 M).In addition,we found out that the carbon nanomaterials we synthesized can adsorb mycotoxin T-2.The obtained results indicated a high innovative potential of CNM.展开更多
基金supported for the Russian team members by the RFBR, Project # 17-05-00516
文摘Unusual carbonaceous matter, termed here chiemite, composed of more than 90% C from the Alpine Foreland at Lake Chiemsee in Bavaria, southeastern Germany has been investigated using optical and atomic force microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis, as well as by δ13 C and 14 C radiocarbon isotopic data analysis. In the pumice-like fragments, poorly ordered carbon matter co-exists with high-ordering monocrystalline α-carbyne, and contains submicrometersized inclusions of complex composition. Diamond and carbyne add to the peculiar mix of matter. The required very high temperatures and pressures for carbyne formation point to a shock event probably from the recently proposed Holocene Chiemgau meteorite impact. The carbon material is suggested to have largely formed from heavily shocked coal, vegetation like wood, and peat from the impact target area. The carbonization/coalification high PT process may be attributed to a strong shock that instantaneously caused the complete evaporation and loss of volatile matter and water, which nevertheless preserved the original cellular structure seen fossilized in many fragments. Relatively fresh wood encapsulated in the purported strongly shocked matter point to quenched carbon melt components possibly important for the discussion of survival of organic matter in meteorite impacts, implying an astrobiological relationship.
基金The study was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation No 22-13-00196,https://rscf.ru/en/project/22-13-00196/.
文摘Studies of carbon nanomaterials(CNM)synthesized from lignocellulosic biomass,and natural and technical lignins were carried out.For the first time,we suggested using stems of Sosnovsky hogweed,one of the most aggressive and poisonous invasive plant species,to produce CNM.The influence of the choice of raw materials and synthesis conditions on the sorption and surface-porous characteristics of the samples was evaluated.The main regularities of adsorption processes from aqueous media with a low concentration(0.625μg/ml)of uranium were established.We found that strong retention of uranium characterizes carbonized biopolymers(CBP)samples,a significant amount of which(67-70%)is not desorbed either by water or aqueous solutions of CH3COONH4 and HCI(1 M).In addition,we found out that the carbon nanomaterials we synthesized can adsorb mycotoxin T-2.The obtained results indicated a high innovative potential of CNM.
