Rapid Quantitative Determination of Isoprene Monomer in Living Taraxacum kok-saghyz by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Taraxacum kok-saghyz(TKS)is rich in natural rubber(NR),a natural organic macromolecular compound composed of cis-1,4-polyisoprene,and may become the second NR-bearing plant for biochemical engineering development.In this paper,a rapid and quantitative ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLCMS/MS)method was established for determination of macromolecular biosynthesis substrate(dimethylallyl pyrophosphate,DMAPP)and initiator(farnesyl pyrophosphate,FPP)contained in TKS.A Kromasil C18 chromatographic column was used for separation,and the multi-reaction monitoring mode(MRM)of triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was used for detection.Quantification was performed by external calibration method.The results showed that the limit of detection(LOD)and the limit of quantitation(LOQ)of DMAPP were 2.42μg/L and 7.26μg/L,respectively,and the LOQ and the LOD of FPP were 1.02μg/L and 3.05μg/L,respectively.At a concentration of 1—1000μg/L,both analytes had good determination coefficients(>0.999)of calibration curve.The recoveries of DMAPP and FPP were between 99.0%and 117.1%.In real samples detection,the contents of DMAPP and FPP in TKS samples were between 23.32—82.77μg/L and 12.03—85.67μg/L,respectively.Thus,this approach is a reliable method to quantify DMAPP and FPP in TKS.

Plasmonic rhenium trioxide self-assembled microtubes for highly sensitive, stable and reproducible surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy detection

Compared with noble metals, improving the sensitivity of semiconducting surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) substrates is of great significance to their fundamental research and practical application of Raman spectroscopy. Herein, a simple chemical method is developed to synthesize a rhenium trioxide(ReO_(3)) microtubes assembled with highly crystalline nanoparticles. The ReO_(3) microtubes show a strong and well-defined surface plasmon resonance(SPR) behavior in visible region, which is rare for non-noble metals. As a low-cost SERS substrate, the plasmonic ReO_(3) microtubes exhibit a Raman enhancement factor of 8.9×10^(5) and a lowest detection limit of 1.0×10^(-9) mol/L for phenolic pollutants. Moreover, these ReO_(3) microtubule SERS substrates show excellent chemical stability and can resist the corrosion of strong acids and bases.

Determine the position of nanoparticles in cells by using surfaceenhanced Raman three-dimensional imaging

The development of efficient three-dimensional cell imaging technology is a necessary means to study cell composition and structure,especially to track and monitor the phagocytosis process of nanoparticles by cells.Herein,we prepared a MoO_(2)hollow nanosphere with a strong surface plasmon resonance effect in the visible light region,which exhibited an excellent surface enhanced Raman scattering effect.When the 4-mercaptobenzoic acid(4-MBA)molecules are modified,it can be efficiently used as Raman probe molecules to perform clear three-dimensional cell imaging.No matter when the nanoparticles are located inside the cell,outside the cell or partly inside the cell,they all can be clearly presented by this enhanced Raman probe molecule.These results provide a rapid and accurate method for three-dimensional imaging of cells,especially for tracking the phagocytosis of nanoparticles.

Smart design of high‐performance surface‐enhanced Raman scattering substrates

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)spectroscopy has renowned its fame for the ultra‐high sensitivity and single‐molecule detection ability,and listed as a fingerprint spectrum representative in various trace detection fields.Considerable efforts have been made by researchers to design high‐sensitive SERS‐active substrates ranging from noble metals to semiconductors.This review summarizes the fundamental theories for SERS technique,that is,the electromagnetic enhancement mechanism and chemical enhancement mechanism and the state‐of‐the‐art design strategies for noble metal and semiconductor substrates.It also sheds light on the effective approaches to improve the SERS activity for noble metal substrates,that is,tuning the localized surface plasmon resonance position,the assembling of hot spots,and precise controlling of nanogaps.Although charge transfer is considered as the main reason for the enhancement mechanism for semiconductors at the present stage,the underlying theoretical basis remains mysterious.This review summarized the critical points for SERS‐active substrates design and prospected the future development direction of SERS technology.

高度结晶Ti3C2单层纳米片的表面增强拉曼散射

表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)作为一种优秀的免标记无损检测技术,已被广泛应用于环境污染物检测、生物组织传感及指纹级分子分析等领域.与以贵金属和半导体为代表的传统SERS基底不同,本文报道了一种新型的高灵敏SERS基底材料,即无核二维电子气(2DEG)结构的Ti3C2单层纳米片,其具有高稳定性、生物相容性和低成本等优点.我们通过一种化学剥离和微波加热相结合的方法合成了具有洁净表面的、高度结晶的单层Ti3C2纳米片.Ti3C2单层无核2DEG的独特电子结构提供了理想的无核散射传输通道,使单层Ti3C2纳米片的拉曼增强因子达到了3.82×108,其对典型污染物的检出限高达10-11mol L-1.初步的毒理学实验表明,该物质的细胞毒性非常低.考虑到碳化物纳米片合成简单、良好的生物相容性、低成本以及高的化学稳定性,Ti3C2单层对于设计和制造具有超高灵敏度的柔性SERS衬底具有很好的应用前景.