Clinical Epidemiology,Illness Profiles,and the Implication of COVID-19 Before and After the Nationwide Omicron Outbreak During the Winter of 2022

China.In this study,we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in the Beijing region.Methods:In this retrospective study,we enrolled inpatients admitted for COVID-19 in the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing between November 10,2022,and January 30,2023.Demographic and clinical features and treatment outcomeswere comprehensively analyzed.We used logistic regression and linear regression analyses to explore the risk factors associated with disease severity and time of nucleic acid conversion,respectively.Results:A total of 1010 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were enrolled.The median age was 43.0 years(interquartile range,28.0–63.0),and patients aged<60 years and≥60 years comprised 71.2%and 28.8%of total included patients,respectively.The clinical classification of mild(74.6%,753/1010),moderate(21.0%,212/1010),severe(2.7%,27/1010),and unidentified(1.8%,18/1010)was separately recorded;1005 patients were discharged,and 5 patients died in the hospital.The outbreak of the emerging epidemic witnessed an evident increase in the proportion of moderate(42.9%vs.16.4%)and severe(10.3%vs.1.1%)cases after December 7,2022.Patients with a moderate/severe classification had higher levels of procalcitonin,IL-6,serum ferritin,C-reactive protein,lactic dehydrogenase,serum urea nitrogen,and D-dimer and lower counts of CD4+T,CD8+T,and B cells(all P<0.001).Multivariable regression analysis revealed that increased odds of disease severity were associated with the following factors:age≥60 years,IL-6>7 pg/mL,lactic dehydrogenase level>245 U/L,cough,and fever at admission.Age≥80 years and chronic lung diseasewere independent risk factors in the nonmild group in elderly patients.In addition,the duration for nucleic acid to turn negativewas approximately 5.0 d(interquartile range,3.0–7.0).Prolonged time of nucleic acid conversion was associated with age≥60 years,serum urea nitrogen level>8.2 mmol/L,neutrophil count>7×10^(9)/L,and the presence of a chronic lung disease or carcinoma.Finally,unvaccinated patients accounted for 37.3%of enrolled patients;children and the elder people accounted for approximately half of that.The univariable analysis found that booster doses reduced disease severity and shortened the time of nucleic acid conversion in elderly patients.Conclusions:The outbreak ofOmicron rapidly increased the number of patientswith COVID-19 in Beijing.In elderly patients,booster doses may reduce disease severity and shorten the time of nucleic acid conversion.Healthcare systems should be optimized before an emerging epidemic outbreak.

The role of neutrophils in the development of liver diseases

肝疾病包含许多肝条件，包括肝失败，肝肝硬化和尖锐、长期的肝炎的一个系列，例如酒鬼，丰满，药，病毒、长期的肝炎。肝损害是在肝疾病的一个主要原因的因素；通常，这些因素包括直接的肝损坏和调停免疫者的肝损害。Neutrophils (也作为 neutrophilic granulocytes 或 polymorphonuclear 白血球(PMN ) 知道) 是在人的最丰富的传播的白血房间类型，并且 PMN 是一个主要天生的有免疫力的房间子集。到微脉管系统的 neutrophils 的不恰当的激活和 homing 贡献肝疾病的许多类型的病理学的表明。这评论总结基于临床的电流和动物模型研究的嗜中性调停肝损害的新奇概念。

Mechanism of C5a-induced immunologic derangement in sepsis

Sepsis is a life-threatening medical condition that triggers an uncontrolled inflammatory reaction and is caused by the entry of various microorganisms into the human bloodstream.Sepsis is mainly encountered in intensive care units(ICUs)due to the reduced immunological defenses of ICU patients.Approximately 1.5 million patients develop sepsis annually in industrialized countries.

Complement 5a receptor-mediated neutrophil dysfunction is associated with a poor outcome in sepsis

补充 5a (C5a ) 被导致 neutrophils 的功能的缺陷在败血的致病含有；然而， C5a 受体的用途(C5aRs；C5aR 和 C5L2 ) 因为为败血的管理的 biomarkers 是不明确的。这研究在嗜中性的功能上在 neutrophils 和他们的效果上调查了 C5aR 和 C5L2 的动态表示。我们发现败血病人与健康、全身的煽动性的反应相比在 neutrophils 上显示了 C5aR 和 C5L2 的低表示层次症候群(先生) 题目，和这个表示模式与疾病严厉被相关。另外， C5aR 和 C5L2 的表示层次与败血病人的幸存被联系。在 vitro， C5a 的增加显著地从败血病人在 neutrophils 减少了 C5aR 和 C5L2 表示层次和 IL-8 生产。那些调查结果建议 C5aRs 的减少的表示为败血病人与 neutrophils 和差的预后的功能的缺陷被联系。总的来说，这些调查结果可以帮助作为早标记建立 C5aRs 表示层次预言败血的严厉。