Social movements have multiplied in Latin America since the 1990s. Like the parties and governments of the Left, these movements aim to resist neo-liberal reform. Their support comes from the indigenous populations, l...Social movements have multiplied in Latin America since the 1990s. Like the parties and governments of the Left, these movements aim to resist neo-liberal reform. Their support comes from the indigenous populations, landless peasants, unemployed workers, and public sector employees. They function by means of participatory democracy and don't seek to take state power. International contacts and cooperation are growing rapidly. Such movements have had an important impact upon the region. However, they are facing new problems in the years ahead.展开更多
The left has dominated the political landscape of Latin America since the beginning of the 21st century.With the election of Hugo Chávez as President of Venezuela in late 1998,the cycle of“Pink Tide”began...The left has dominated the political landscape of Latin America since the beginning of the 21st century.With the election of Hugo Chávez as President of Venezuela in late 1998,the cycle of“Pink Tide”began and lasted until around 2016.Since then,there has been a situation featuring the retreat of the left and the advance of the right in Latin America,which lasted only for about three years.Starting in 2018,and with Fernández,the candidate of the left-wing coalition Front for All elected President of Argentine in 2019,there was a clear swing back to the left in the Latin American political landscape.展开更多
As the international order dominated by the US hegemony is being challenged,the United States has been making great efforts to strategically suppress China in the Asia-Pacific region,attempting to build a regional ord...As the international order dominated by the US hegemony is being challenged,the United States has been making great efforts to strategically suppress China in the Asia-Pacific region,attempting to build a regional order framework underpinned by camp-based bloc politics,exclusive economic clubs,and Western-centered values-based alliances.展开更多
This paper,starting from examining the current situation for the social insurance service system,analyses the problems of the system and provides three reform suggestions.First,staffi ng levels of social insurance sho...This paper,starting from examining the current situation for the social insurance service system,analyses the problems of the system and provides three reform suggestions.First,staffi ng levels of social insurance should bring about a dynamical ratio mechanism,which links staff number to the insured clients to avoid work overload or low service quality.Second,all of the expenditures of the service system should be a part of social insurance funds to completely avoid budget shortage.Third,in order to divide administration and service management and to separate supervision and operation functions,a national social insurance administration should be instituted,and a vertical system should be set up with agencies at all levels.The social insurance service system should be characterized as"special public institutions".and reforming the institutions will promote the development of urbanization;lastly,lengthening the use periods of farmland is good for the coordinative development of urbanization for its"guarantee effect",but a perfect mechanism of land transfer should be taken for the premise.展开更多
文摘Social movements have multiplied in Latin America since the 1990s. Like the parties and governments of the Left, these movements aim to resist neo-liberal reform. Their support comes from the indigenous populations, landless peasants, unemployed workers, and public sector employees. They function by means of participatory democracy and don't seek to take state power. International contacts and cooperation are growing rapidly. Such movements have had an important impact upon the region. However, they are facing new problems in the years ahead.
文摘The left has dominated the political landscape of Latin America since the beginning of the 21st century.With the election of Hugo Chávez as President of Venezuela in late 1998,the cycle of“Pink Tide”began and lasted until around 2016.Since then,there has been a situation featuring the retreat of the left and the advance of the right in Latin America,which lasted only for about three years.Starting in 2018,and with Fernández,the candidate of the left-wing coalition Front for All elected President of Argentine in 2019,there was a clear swing back to the left in the Latin American political landscape.
文摘As the international order dominated by the US hegemony is being challenged,the United States has been making great efforts to strategically suppress China in the Asia-Pacific region,attempting to build a regional order framework underpinned by camp-based bloc politics,exclusive economic clubs,and Western-centered values-based alliances.
文摘This paper,starting from examining the current situation for the social insurance service system,analyses the problems of the system and provides three reform suggestions.First,staffi ng levels of social insurance should bring about a dynamical ratio mechanism,which links staff number to the insured clients to avoid work overload or low service quality.Second,all of the expenditures of the service system should be a part of social insurance funds to completely avoid budget shortage.Third,in order to divide administration and service management and to separate supervision and operation functions,a national social insurance administration should be instituted,and a vertical system should be set up with agencies at all levels.The social insurance service system should be characterized as"special public institutions".and reforming the institutions will promote the development of urbanization;lastly,lengthening the use periods of farmland is good for the coordinative development of urbanization for its"guarantee effect",but a perfect mechanism of land transfer should be taken for the premise.
