Lumin^(TM)光二极管荧光装置、荧光显微镜、萋-尼法诊断抗酸杆菌的比较

设计:在俄罗斯(样本量为502)及马其顿(样本量为205)开展跨地区研究。将荧光染色的痰涂片分别用以下显微镜观察:(1)由普通光学显微镜改装而成的Lumin^(TM)发光二极管显微镜(以下简称LED);(2)各实验室现有的传统荧光显微镜(CFM)。将相同的涂片用萋-尼法(ZN)进行复染,普通光学显微镜读片,比较2种荧光法与萋-尼法的结果。因为ZN复染结果不理想,为比较其敏感性及特异性,俄罗斯实验室回顾性地分析了前阶段实验室登记的直接ZN法涂片(n=791)。结果:马其顿实验室的数据表明,LED及CFM的敏感性为87.8%,而ZN复染传统显微镜镜检的敏感性为78.0%;在俄罗斯,所得到的敏感性分别为LED 72.8%,CFM 52.5%,ZN复染28.5%,直接ZN 55.6%。结论:相比于传统涂片镜检法,荧光法更敏感。普通光学显微镜改造后的LED诊断效果优于或等同于CFM。马其顿实验数据显示,LED与CFM的阳性发现率比ZN复染高出12%,这与其他报道的统计分析相符。俄罗斯实验室因未知原因导致ZN复染的诊断结果欠佳,而回顾性分析说明:相比于LED 72.8%的敏感性,直接ZN为55.6%,这与其他文献报道的荧光显微镜有优越性的观点一致。

Current opinion on the importance of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation （PR） is a .widely accepted non-pharmacological treatment method that tries to improve exercise tolerance and quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） and non-COPD patients, together with reduction in medical services use.1 The aim of PR is to help respiratory patients to reach and keep a maximal functioning and independence level within community^2 The patients severely affected by other pulmonary diseases than COPD are benefiting of intensive PR and the degree of improvement is similar to that obtained in COPD^3

Uncommon pulmonary infection with recurrent hemoptysis

Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare, uncommon pulmonary infection. The word ＂actinomycosis＂ is derived from Greek terms aktino, which refers to the radiating appearance of a sulphur granule and mykos, which labels the condition a mycotic disease.