Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato(H.heilmannii s.l.)is a group of gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species that are morphologically indistinguishable from each other.H.heilmannii s.l.infect the stomach of...Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato(H.heilmannii s.l.)is a group of gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species that are morphologically indistinguishable from each other.H.heilmannii s.l.infect the stomach of several animals and may have zoonotic potential.Although the prevalence of these infections in humans is low,they are associated with gastric pathology,including mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma,making them a significant health issue.Here,the taxonomy,epidemiology,microbiology,diagnosis,and treatment of these infections will be reviewed.The gastric pathology associated with H.heilmannii s.l.infections in humans will also be addressed.Finally,the features of the complete bacterial genomes available and studies on species-specific pathogenesis will be reviewed.The understanding of the mechanisms that underlie gastric disease development mediated by the different bacterial species that constitute H.heilmannii s.l.is essential for developing strategies for prevention and treatment of these infections.展开更多
Africa is the cradle of all human beings, and although it has been the focus of a number of genetic studies, there are many questions that remain unresolved. We have performed one of the largest and most comprehensive...Africa is the cradle of all human beings, and although it has been the focus of a number of genetic studies, there are many questions that remain unresolved. We have performed one of the largest and most comprehensive meta-analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages carried out in the African continent to date. We generated high-throughput mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data (230 SNPs) from 2024 Africans, where more than 500 of them were additionally genotyped for the control region. These data were analyzed together with over 12,700 control region profiles collected from the literature, representing more than 300 population samples from Africa. Insights into the African homeland of humans are discussed. Phylogeographic patterns for the African continent are shown at a high phylogeographic resolution as well as at the population and regional levels. The deepest branch of the mtDNA tree, haplogroup L0, shows the highest sub-haplogroup diversity in Southeast and East Africa, suggesting this region as the homeland for modem humans. Several demographic estimates point to the coast as a facilitator of human migration in Africa, but the data indicate complex patterns, perhaps mirroring the effect of recent continental-scaled demographic events in re-shaping African mtDNA variability.展开更多
Development of synthetic bone substitutes has arisen as a major research interest in the need to find an alternative to autologous bone grafts.Using an ovine model,the present pre-clinical study presents a synthetic b...Development of synthetic bone substitutes has arisen as a major research interest in the need to find an alternative to autologous bone grafts.Using an ovine model,the present pre-clinical study presents a synthetic bone graft(BonelikeVR)in combination with a cellular system as an alternative for the regeneration of non-critical defects.The association of biomaterials and cell-based therapies is a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)from human dental pulp have demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo to interact with diverse biomaterial systems and promote mineral deposition,aiming at the reconstruction of osseous defects.Moreover,these cells can be found and isolated from many species.Non-critical bone defects were treated with BonelikeVR with or without MSCs obtained from the human dental pulp.Results showed that BonelikeVR and MSCs treated defects showed improved bone regeneration compared with the defects treated with BonelikeVR alone.Also,it was observed that the biomaterial matrix was reabsorbed and gradually replaced by new bone during the healing process.We therefore propose this combination as an efficient binomial strategy that promotes bone growth and vascularization in non-critical bone defects.展开更多
文摘Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato(H.heilmannii s.l.)is a group of gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species that are morphologically indistinguishable from each other.H.heilmannii s.l.infect the stomach of several animals and may have zoonotic potential.Although the prevalence of these infections in humans is low,they are associated with gastric pathology,including mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma,making them a significant health issue.Here,the taxonomy,epidemiology,microbiology,diagnosis,and treatment of these infections will be reviewed.The gastric pathology associated with H.heilmannii s.l.infections in humans will also be addressed.Finally,the features of the complete bacterial genomes available and studies on species-specific pathogenesis will be reviewed.The understanding of the mechanisms that underlie gastric disease development mediated by the different bacterial species that constitute H.heilmannii s.l.is essential for developing strategies for prevention and treatment of these infections.
基金supported by fundings from the People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013/under REA grant agreement (No. 290344)the “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” (No. SAF2011-26983)+3 种基金the Plan Galego IDT (No. EM 2012/045)the Sistema Universitario Gallego e Modalidad REDES (No. 2012-PG226) from the Xunta de Galicia (to A.S.)the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (No. 13-37998SP505)the grant from “Fundación Barrié” (to M.C.)
文摘Africa is the cradle of all human beings, and although it has been the focus of a number of genetic studies, there are many questions that remain unresolved. We have performed one of the largest and most comprehensive meta-analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages carried out in the African continent to date. We generated high-throughput mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data (230 SNPs) from 2024 Africans, where more than 500 of them were additionally genotyped for the control region. These data were analyzed together with over 12,700 control region profiles collected from the literature, representing more than 300 population samples from Africa. Insights into the African homeland of humans are discussed. Phylogeographic patterns for the African continent are shown at a high phylogeographic resolution as well as at the population and regional levels. The deepest branch of the mtDNA tree, haplogroup L0, shows the highest sub-haplogroup diversity in Southeast and East Africa, suggesting this region as the homeland for modem humans. Several demographic estimates point to the coast as a facilitator of human migration in Africa, but the data indicate complex patterns, perhaps mirroring the effect of recent continental-scaled demographic events in re-shaping African mtDNA variability.
基金This research was supported by Programa Operacional Regional do Norte(ON.2–O Novo Norte),QREN,FEDER with the project‘iBone Therapies:Terapias inovadoras para a regenerac¸~ao o´ssea’,ref.NORTE-01-0247-FEDER-003262,and by the programme COMPETE–Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade,Projects PEst-OE/AGR/UI0211/2011 and PEst-C/EME/UI0285/2013 funding from FCT.This research was also supported by Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizac¸~ao(P2020),Fundos Europeus Estruturais e de Investimento(FEEI)and FCT with the project‘BioMate—A novel bio-manufacturing system to produce bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering’with reference PTDC/EMS-SIS/7032/2014 and by COMPETE 2020,from ANI—Projectos ID&T Empresas em Copromoc¸~ao,Programas Operacionais POCI,by the project‘insitu.Biomas-Reinvent biomanufacturing systems by using an usability approach for in situ clinic temporary implants fabrication’with the reference POCI-01-0247-FEDER-017771.The research was also supported by the research project‘BEPIM III–Microdispositivos me´dicos com capacidades osteintegradoras por micoPIM’,with the reference POCI-01-0247-FEDER-017935,from Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional(FEDER),by the Programa Operacional da Competitividade&Internacionalizac¸~ao.Ana Rita Caseiro(SFRH/BD/101174/2014)acknowledges FCT,for financial support.
文摘Development of synthetic bone substitutes has arisen as a major research interest in the need to find an alternative to autologous bone grafts.Using an ovine model,the present pre-clinical study presents a synthetic bone graft(BonelikeVR)in combination with a cellular system as an alternative for the regeneration of non-critical defects.The association of biomaterials and cell-based therapies is a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)from human dental pulp have demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo to interact with diverse biomaterial systems and promote mineral deposition,aiming at the reconstruction of osseous defects.Moreover,these cells can be found and isolated from many species.Non-critical bone defects were treated with BonelikeVR with or without MSCs obtained from the human dental pulp.Results showed that BonelikeVR and MSCs treated defects showed improved bone regeneration compared with the defects treated with BonelikeVR alone.Also,it was observed that the biomaterial matrix was reabsorbed and gradually replaced by new bone during the healing process.We therefore propose this combination as an efficient binomial strategy that promotes bone growth and vascularization in non-critical bone defects.