Simple bone cysts of the proximal humerus presented with limb length discrepancy:A case report

BACKGROUND Simple bone cysts(SBC)are benign tumor-like bone lesions typically identified in children.While SBC may lead to growth disturbances or growth arrest,such cases are uncommon.The mechanisms behind these observations remain unclear.Additionally,research on the etiology of SBC remains inconclusive,and there has been no consensus on the appropriate timing and methodology for treatment.CASE SUMMARY Here,we present our experience in the successful surgical management of a 10-year-old girl with SBC,who presented with a pathological fracture complicated by malunion of the displaced fracture,varus deformity,and limb length discrepancy.We hypothesized two possible etiologies for the patient’s growth arrest and subsequent humerus varus deformity:(1)Direct disruption of the physis by fluid from the cyst itself;and(2)damage to the epiphysis due to repetitive pathological fractures associated with SBC.In addressing this case,surgical intervention was undertaken to correct the proximal humerus varus deformity.This approach offered the advantages of simultaneously correcting angular abnormalities,achieving mild limb lengthening,providing definitive SBC treatment,and reducing the overall treatment duration.CONCLUSION As per current literature,acute correction of acute angular deformity in proximal humeral SBC is not well comprehended.However,in this specific case,acute correction was considered an optimal solution.

Synthesis and Characterization of Thermoplastic Poly(Ester Amide)s Elastomer (TPEaE) Obtained from Recycled PET

A series of thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) and thermoplastic poly(ester amide)s elastomer (TPEaE)copolymers were obtained by depolymerizing PET (polyethylene terephthalate) by which the waste PET canbe efficiently recovered and recycled into value-added products from a practical and economical point of view.The structure of TPEE and TPEaE was identified using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data showed that the melting temperature(Tm) decreased with the amide content increased. The glass transition temperature (Tg) was increased as introducingthe amide group, and the formation of amide-ester and amide-amide hydrogen bonds increased the intermolecularchain force. The intrinsic viscosity (η) showed the tendency of increment from TPEE (0.53 dL g^(−1)) to TPEaE-5%(0.72 dL g^(−1)) due to the reinforcement of hydrogen bond and chain entanglement.

Degumming of Silk Fibers by CO₂Supercritical Fluid

This paper is to study a new method to remove sericin from raw silk fiber. This new process is done using an organic acid as a pretreatment and then using CO2 supercritical fluid to remove sericin from silk fiber. This method would be a huge break from the traditional environmentally unsustainable methods used today. This new processing method keeps the removed sericin in a clean state that can be used as a highly marketable silk protein in the medical and cosmetic industries.

Study on NH₃Plasma-Treated Polyimide/MWNT Composites on Electrical and Surface Properties

We studied the surface modification of polyimide/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composites resulting from plasma treatment. After NH3 plasma treatment, the surface properties of polyimide containing MWNT (U-CNT) or acid modified MWNTs (M-CNTs) were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), contact angle and electrical measurements. The surface of polyimide/MWNT composites became more hydrophilic after the NH3 plasma treatment, which improved the surface electrical conductivity of polyimide/MWNT composites. The XRD results indicate that the formation of a MWNT network structure in the polyimide matrix impeded the motion of polyimide molecules.

Recent advances in memristors based on two-dimensional ferroelectric materials

In this big data era, the explosive growth of information puts ultra-high demands on the data storage/computing, such as high computing power, low energy consumption, and excellent stability. However, facing this challenge, the traditional von Neumann architecture-based computing system is out of its depth owing to the separated memory and data processing unit architecture. One of the most effective ways to solve this challenge is building brain inspired computing system with in-memory computing and parallel processing ability based on neuromorphic devices. Therefore, there is a research trend toward the memristors, that can be applied to build neuromorphic computing systems due to their large switching ratio, high storage density, low power consumption, and high stability. Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric materials, as novel types of functional materials, show great potential in the preparations of memristors because of the atomic scale thickness, high carrier mobility, mechanical flexibility, and thermal stability. 2D ferroelectric materials can realize resistive switching (RS) because of the presence of natural dipoles whose direction can be flipped with the change of the applied electric field thus producing different polarizations, therefore, making them powerful candidates for future data storage and computing. In this review article, we introduce the physical mechanisms, characterizations, and synthetic methods of 2D ferroelectric materials, and then summarize the applications of 2D ferroelectric materials in memristors for memory and synaptic devices. At last, we deliberate the advantages and future challenges of 2D ferroelectric materials in the application of memristors devices.

Triboelectric nanogenerator for neuromorphic electronics

Building the brain-inspired neural network computing system based neuromorphic electronics is an effective approach to break the von Neumann bottleneck on the hardware level and realize the information processing with high efficiency and low energy consumption in this big data explosion age.Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)has two functions of sensing and energy conversion,which promote the application as sensor and/or power supply in self-powered neuromorphic electronics for data storage and biological synapse/neuron behaviors mimicking.This article highlights the relevant works of TENGs for memory devices,artificial synapses and artificial neurons,performs a systematic comparison,and puts forward the future research possibilities and challenges,with the hope of attracting more researchers into this field and promoting the development of TENG based neuromorphic electronics.