Automatic Rule Discovery for Data Transformation Using Fusion of Diversified Feature Formats

This article presents an innovative approach to automatic rule discovery for data transformation tasks leveraging XGBoost,a machine learning algorithm renowned for its efficiency and performance.The framework proposed herein utilizes the fusion of diversified feature formats,specifically,metadata,textual,and pattern features.The goal is to enhance the system’s ability to discern and generalize transformation rules fromsource to destination formats in varied contexts.Firstly,the article delves into the methodology for extracting these distinct features from raw data and the pre-processing steps undertaken to prepare the data for the model.Subsequent sections expound on the mechanism of feature optimization using Recursive Feature Elimination(RFE)with linear regression,aiming to retain the most contributive features and eliminate redundant or less significant ones.The core of the research revolves around the deployment of the XGBoostmodel for training,using the prepared and optimized feature sets.The article presents a detailed overview of the mathematical model and algorithmic steps behind this procedure.Finally,the process of rule discovery(prediction phase)by the trained XGBoost model is explained,underscoring its role in real-time,automated data transformations.By employingmachine learning and particularly,the XGBoost model in the context of Business Rule Engine(BRE)data transformation,the article underscores a paradigm shift towardsmore scalable,efficient,and less human-dependent data transformation systems.This research opens doors for further exploration into automated rule discovery systems and their applications in various sectors.

Light gradient boosting machine with optimized hyperparameters for identification of malicious access in IoT network

In this paper,an advanced and optimized Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LGBM)technique is proposed to identify the intrusive activities in the Internet of Things(IoT)network.The followings are the major contributions:i)An optimized LGBM model has been developed for the identification of malicious IoT activities in the IoT network;ii)An efficient evolutionary optimization approach has been adopted for finding the optimal set of hyper-parameters of LGBM for the projected problem.Here,a Genetic Algorithm(GA)with k-way tournament selection and uniform crossover operation is used for efficient exploration of hyper-parameter search space;iii)Finally,the performance of the proposed model is evaluated using state-of-the-art ensemble learning and machine learning-based model to achieve overall generalized performance and efficiency.Simulation outcomes reveal that the proposed approach is superior to other considered methods and proves to be a robust approach to intrusion detection in an IoT environment.

Optimized Resource Allocation and Queue Management for Traffic Control in MANET

A set of mobile devices that employs wireless transmission for communication is termed Mobile Ad hoc Networks(MANETs).Offering better communication services among the users in a centralized organization is the primary objective of the MANET.Due to the features of MANET,this can directly End-to-End Delay(EED)the Quality of Service(QoS).Hence,the implementation of resource management becomes an essential issue in MANETs.This paper focuses on the efficient Resource Allocation(RA)for many types of Traffic Flows(TF)in MANET.In Mobile Ad hoc Networks environments,the main objective of Resource Allocation(RA)is to process consistently available resources among terminals required to address the service requirements of the users.These three categories improve performance metrics by varying transmission rates and simulation time.For solving that problem,the proposed work is divided into Queue Management(QM),Admission Control(AC)and RA.For effective QM,this paper develops a QM model for elastic(EL)and inelastic(IEL)Traffic Flows.This research paper presents an AC mechanism for multiple TF for effective AC.This work presents a Resource Allocation Using Tokens(RAUT)for various priority TF for effective RA.Here,nodes have three cycles which are:Non-Critical Section(NCS),Entry Section(ES)and Critical Section(CS).When a node requires any resources,it sends Resource Request Message(RRM)to the ES.Elastic and inelastic TF priority is determined using Fuzzy Logic(FL).The token holder selects the node from the inelastic queue with high priority for allocating the resources.Using Network Simulator-2(NS-2),simulations demonstrate that the proposed design increases Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR),decrease Packet Loss Ratio(PLR),minimise the Fairness and reduce the EED.

Fault Tree Analysis of the Reliability of Electric Vehicles in India

Innovations for electric vehicles have advanced quickly in latest decades. Large-scale business use of these vehicles is still constrained by reliability-related issues. By utilising fault tree (FT) and Monte Carlo simulation, a mathematical prototype is created that includes the reliability traits of all major electrical parts of the vehicle system, including the battery, motor, drive, controllers. The research demonstrates that by raising the component restoration rates, the vehicle’s survivability can be raised. A thorough discussion of this paradigm is provided, along with a presentation and analysis of the reliability estimations based on an electric vehicle. This research on the reliability design and maintenance of an electric vehicle can be supported by the ideas that are outlined in the paper. Additionally, the findings of this study may be helpful to those who build electric vehicle, especially when upgrading the components efficiency and planning for reliability increase.

Hybrid force control of astronaut rehabilitative training robot under active loading mode

In order to mitigate the effects of space adaptation syndrome(SAS) and improve the training efficiency of the astronauts, a novel astronaut rehabilitative training robot(ART) was proposed. ART can help the astronauts to carry out the bench press training in the microgravity environment. Firstly, a dynamic model of cable driven unit(CDU) was established whose accuracy was verified through the model identification. Secondly, to improve the accuracy and the speed of the active loading, an active loading hybrid force controller was proposed on the basis of the dynamic model of the CDU. Finally, the actual effect of the hybrid force controller was tested by simulations and experiments. The results suggest that the hybrid force controller can significantly improve the precision and the dynamic performance of the active loading with the maximum phase lag of the active loading being 9° and the maximum amplitude error being 2% at the frequency range of 10 Hz. The controller can meet the design requirements.

Bioavailability enhancers of herbal origin:An overview

Recently,the use of herbal medicines has been increased all over the world due to their therapeutic effects and fewer adverse effects as compared to the modern medicines.However,many herbal drugs and herbal extracts despite of their impressive in-vitro findings demonstrates less or negligible in-vivo activity due to their poor lipid solubility or improper molecular size,resulting in poor absorption and hence poor bioavailability.Nowadays with the advancement in the technology,novel drug delivery systems open the door towards the development of enhancing bioavailability of herbal drug delivery systems.For last one decade many novel carriers such as liposomes,microspheres,nanoparticles,transferosomes,ethosomes,lipid based systems etc.have been reported for successful modified delivery of various herbal drugs.Many herbal compounds including quercetin,genistein,naringin,sinomenine,pipeline,glycvrrhizin and nitrile glycoside have demonstrated capability to enhance the bioavailability.The objective of this review is to summarize various available novel drug delivery technologies which have been developed for delivery of drugs(herbal),and to achieve better therapeutic response.An attempt has also been made to compile a profile on bioavailability enhancers of herbal origin with the mechanism of action(wherever reported)and studies on improvement in drug bioavailability,exhibited particularly by natural compounds.

Investigation of dry sliding wear properties of multi-directional forged Mg-Zn alloys

Effect of multi-directional forging(MDF)on wear properties of Mg-Zn alloys(with 2,4,and 6wt%Zn)is investigated.Dry sliding wear test was performed using pin on disk machine on MDF processed and homogenized samples.Wear behavior of samples was analyzed at loads of ION and 20 N,with sliding distances of 2000m and 4000m,at a sliding velocity of 3m/s.Microstructures of worn samples were observed under scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),and x-ray diffraction(XRD)and the results were analyzed.Mechanical properties were evaluated using microhardness test.After 5 passes of MDF,the average grain size was found to be 30±4p m,22±3 pm,and 18±3 pm,in Mg-2%Zn,Mg-4%Zn,and Mg-6%Zn alloys,respectively,with significant improvement in hardness in all cases.Wear resistance was improved after MDF processing,as well as,with increment in Zn content in Mg alloy.However,it decreased when the load and the sliding distance increased.Worn surface exhibited ploughing,delamination,plastic deformation,and wear debris along sliding direction,and abrasive wear was found to be the main mechanism.

Distribution Behaviour of Dimethoate in Tea Leaf

A study was undertaken to assess the distribution behaviour of Dimethoate in tea leaf. Tea bushes were subjected to Dimethoate spray at recommended dose and double the recommended doses. The extraction of pesticide was done using chloroform and the analysis was done using a Hewlett-Packard 5890 series II gas chromatograph with Nitrogen Phosphorus Detector (NPD). The penetration behaviour of Dimethoate was studied in dry and wet seasons. Variations in penetration were observed in dry and wet seasons which was attributed to climatic factors like temperature, humidity, rainfall, sunlight and physicochemical properties of the residue like water solubility, partition coefficient and formulation type. Residues observed in the cell wall and tissues confirm its good penetrating ability inspite of its hydrophilic nature. Higher penetration in wet season as indicated can be attributed to the route through the stomatal pores.

Reflection of Plane Waves from Free Surface of an Initially Stressed Rotating Orthotropic Dissipative Solid Half-Space

The governing equations of an initially stressed rotating orthotropic dissipative medium are solved analytically to obtain the velocity equation which indicates the existence of two quasi-planar waves. The appropriate particular solutions in the half-space satisfy the required boundary conditions at the stress-free surface to obtain the expressions of the reflec-tion coefficients of the reflected quasi-P (qP) and reflected quasi-SV (qSV) waves in closed form for the incidence of qP and qSV waves. A particular model is chosen for numerical computation of these reflection coefficients for a certain range of the angle of incidence. The numerical values of these reflection coefficients are shown graphically against the angle of incidence for different values of initial stress parameter and rotation parameter. The impact of initial stress and rotation parameters on the reflection coefficients is observed significantly.

Ethnobotanical and phytopharmacological review of Scindapsus officinalis(“Gajapippali”)

Scindapsus of ficinalis(S. officinalis) holds a reputed position in Ayurvedic system of medicine. It has been ethanobotanically used to treat diarrhea("atisara"), worm infestation("krmiroga"), and as antipyretic. Literature survey on S. officinalis was carried out via electronic search in Pub Med, Sci Finder, Scirus, Google Scholar, Agricola and Web of Science and a library search. Results revealed that a very specific botanical description of the plant is still not available. The plant is mistaken within the hybrids and other plants of genus Scindapsus and family Araceae. Since ethnobotanically the plant is of much importance, chemistry of the plant yet needs to be fully explored. Thus the need of the hour is to comprehend the fragmented information available on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of S. officinalis which could help in the correct identification of the sample and avoid adulteration due to mistaken identity.

Study of the Dielectric Behaviour of Cr-Doped Zinc Nano Ferrites Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method

The series of Cr-Zn nano ferrites having the general composition CrxZnFe2-xO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) have been synthesized successfully in the nanocrystalline form using the sol-gel method. The samples were sintered at 900°C for 3 hours. The effect of chromium substitution on dielectric properties of Zn-ferrites is reported in this paper. The analysis of XRD patterns revealed the formation of single phase cubic spinel structure for all the Cr-Zn ferrite samples. The FTIR spectra show two strong absorption bands in the range of 400 - 600 cm-1, which corroborate the spinel structure of the samples. The average grain size was found to be in the nanometer range and of the order of 43 - 63 nm obtained using TEM images. The lattice parameter and crystallite size decrease with increase in Cr concentration (x). The investigation on dielectric constant (ε'), dissipation factor (D) and ac conductivity (σac) was carried out at a fixed frequency 1 kHz and in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz at room temperature using LCR meter. The plots of dielectric constant (ε') versus frequency show the normal dielectric behavior of spinel ferrites. The value of ac conductivity (σac) increases with increase in frequency for all the compositions. The appearance of the peak for each composition in the dissipation factor versus frequency curve suggests the presence of relaxing dipoles in the Cr-Zn nano ferrite samples. It is also found that the shifting of the relaxation peak towards lower frequency side with an increase in chromium content (x) is due to the strengthening of dipole-dipole interactions. The composition and frequency dependence of the dielectric constant, dielectric loss and ac-conductivity are explained based on the Koop’s two-layer model, Maxwell-Wagner polarization process, and Debye relaxation theory.

Finite element solution of heat and mass transfer flow with Hall current,heat source,and viscous dissipation

The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of heat and mass transfer on the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic free convective flow with Hall current, heat source, and viscous dissipation. The problem is governed by the system of coupled non-linear partial differential equations whose exact solution is difficult to obtain. Therefore, the problem is solved by using the Galerkin finite element method. The effects of the various parameters like Hall current, Eckert number, heat source parameter, Prandtl number, and Schmidt number on the velocity components, the temperature, and the concentration are also examined through graphs.

Fusion of Medical Images in Wavelet Domain:A Hybrid Implementation

This paper presents a low intricate,profoundly energy effective MRI Images combination intended for remote visual sensor frameworks which leads to improved understanding and implementation of treatment;especially for radiology.This is done by combining the original picture which leads to a significant reduction in the computation time and frequency.The proposed technique conquers the calculation and energy impediment of low power tools and is examined as far as picture quality and energy is concerned.Reenactments are performed utilizing MATLAB 2018a,to quantify the resultant vitality investment funds and the reproduction results show that the proposed calculation is very quick and devours just around 1%of vitality decomposition by the hybrid combination plans.Likewise,the effortlessness of our proposed strategy makes it increasingly suitable for continuous applications.

Performance analysis of cow dung as an eco-friendly additive material for sustainable moulding and casting

In the present work,an attempt is made to partially replace high cost silica sand with sustainable eco-friendly cow-dung.The practical utility of cow dung as an additive material that facilitates binding in sand moulds has been tested.The Taguchi method is used to plan and conduct nine experiments with three replicates each.Pareto analysis of variance study is performed to understand the practical significance of moulding sand variables,that is,percentage of cow dung,clay,water,and degree of ramming on sand mould properties.The conflicting multiple objective functions(maximize mould hardness,and minimize collapsibility and gas evolution)are optimized by utilizing the Data Envelopment Analysis Ranking(DEAR)method.The optimal parameters i.e.6%of clay,4%of water,5%of cow-dung and 4 numbers of ramming strokes are obtained by applying a hybrid Taguchi-DEAR method.These parameters show the best moulding properties are:mould hardness 55,gas evolution 5.9 ml·g-1,and collapsibility 470 g·cm-2.Thereafter,a Lovejoy coupling made of aluminium is cast in the sand mould prepared with cow dung and without cow dung,with the optimum set of parameters.The mechanical properties,surface finish,and microstructure of the casting cast with cow-dung are better than that without cowdung.

SYNCHRONIZATION OF SINGULAR MARKOVIAN JUMPING NEUTRAL COMPLEX DYNAMICAL NETWORKS WITH TIME-VARYING DELAYS VIA PINNING CONTROL

This article discusses the synchronization problem of singular neutral complex dynamical networks(SNCDN)with distributed delay and Markovian jump parameters via pinning control.Pinning control strategies are designed to make the singular neutral complex networks synchronized.Some delay-dependent synchronization criteria are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities based on a modified Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach.By applying the Lyapunov stability theory,Jensen's inequality,Schur complement,and linear matrix inequality technique,some new delay-dependent conditions are derived to guarantee the stability of the system.Finally,numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.

Empirical assessment of adaptation to climate change impacts of mountain households:development and application of an Adaptation Capability Index

The present study proposes an index to assess the potential for adaptation to climate change for households in the mountainous regions. The index provides a realistic approach to recognize social and natural factors which contribute to successful adaptation and addresses several household functions,such as social networking, livelihood strategy, adjustment strategies, resource availability and accessibility. The proposed Adaptation Capability Index(ACI) is analytically defined, mathematically formulated and field tested on mountainous households in urban and semi-urban regions of the Uttarakhand Himalaya in India. To gather data on the topic relevant to the ACI, a household scale questionnaire was developed and administered to 120 heads of households through face-to-face interviews. The results highlight higher adaptive capability of urban households and low adaptation capacity of rural households due to poor farm productivity, low accessibility and availability of resources and technological input. Future programs and policies must include and implement regulations to remedy attributive factors responsible for higher adaptation. This paper may be applicable to other mountainous regions and may provide insights for effective adaptation strategies to climate change.

The Development of Electricity Grid, Smart Grid and Renewable Energy in Taiwan

The grid has played a vital role in the evolution of the electricity market;from traditional to smart grids;from fossil fuel power generated electricity grid connections to the integration of other renewable energy forms such as solar and wind power;the grid has played a key role in each step in Taiwan’s move towards energy transition. This study includes Taiwan’s construction of its transmission and distribution network, the recently passed newly revised version of the Electricity Act with its revisions to its transmission and distribution related content, and policies promoting the smart grid as well as issues that the renewable energy grid has raised in both the technical and legal aspects. Taiwan’s electricity supply system is made up of the northern, central and southern systems. The Transmission and distribution grid have been defined as a common carrier, maintaining state-owned monopoly. The smart grid has 6 main facets to promote, including smart generation and dispatch, smart transmission, smart consumers, smart grid electricity grid industry and the establishment of a smart grid environment. Due to the possible effects of the integration of renewable energy generated electricity, there is a vital need for the regulation of the grid’s management and skills.

Comparative Study and Analysis of Performances among RNS, DBNS, TBNS and MNS for DSP Applications

This paper presents a comparative study of the performances of arithmetic units, based on different number systems like Residue Number System (RNS), Double Base Number System (DBNS), Triple Base Number System (TBNS) and Mixed Number System (MNS) for DSP applications. The performance analysis is carried out in terms of the hardware utilization, timing complexity and efficiency. The arithmetic units based on these number systems were employed in designing various modulation schemes like Binary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK) modulator/demodulator. The analysis of the performance of the proposed modulator on above mentioned number systems indicates the superiority of other number systems over binary number system.

Assessment of Cutting Parameters Influencing on Thrust Force and Torque during Drilling Particulate Filled Glass Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Drilling is indispensable process and it cannot be avoided for joining composite structures used in various engineering applications. In this research article, the influence of drilling parameters on thrust force and torque of silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) filled into glass fabric reinforced epoxy (G-E) composites are analyzed. Drilling experiments are conducted on these composite materials using BATLIBOI make radial drilling machine. Two different drill bits (HSS and cemented carbide) are used for the experimentation. The influence of drilling parameters like cutting speed and feed on thrust force and torque on drilling of particulate filled G-E composites has been carried out. The experimental results indicated that the thrust force and torque were increased with increasing feed and cutting speed for all the composites tested. Further, it is observed that the carbide drill performed better than HSS drill during drilling of particulate filled G-E composites. The drilled surfaces are examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and damage mechanisms are discussed.