By using the iterative method in functional theory, an analytic expression of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PB eq.), which describes the distribution of the potential of electrical double layer of a spherical micell...By using the iterative method in functional theory, an analytic expression of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PB eq.), which describes the distribution of the potential of electrical double layer of a spherical micelle, has been carried out under the general potential condition for the first time. The method also can give the radius, the surface potential, and the thickness of the layer.展开更多
The Michael addition reactions of Z and E benzaldoximes with propene were investigated theoretically by DFT method at B3LYP/6-31G^* level. The calculation results show that both addition reactions are concerted proce...The Michael addition reactions of Z and E benzaldoximes with propene were investigated theoretically by DFT method at B3LYP/6-31G^* level. The calculation results show that both addition reactions are concerted processes accompanied by the migration of hydrogen from the atom oxygen to carbon. Both products Z and E nitrones have dipolar charge distributions and activities. Z isomer is more favorable in the reaction due to the barrier is lower.展开更多
The partial potential energy surface was constructed by ab initio method [QCISD(T)/6- 311++G(2df,2pd)]for F+CH4→HF+CH3 reaction system. It not only explained the reaction mechanism brought forward by Diego Tr...The partial potential energy surface was constructed by ab initio method [QCISD(T)/6- 311++G(2df,2pd)]for F+CH4→HF+CH3 reaction system. It not only explained the reaction mechanism brought forward by Diego Troya by means of quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) but also successfully validated Kopin Liu's experimental phenomena about the existence of the reactive resonance. The lifetime of the scattering resonance state was about 0.07 ps. All these were in agreement with the experiments.展开更多
The ONIOM quantum mechanics method is used to study the reaction of one-carbon unit transfer from an imidazolidine to 6- aminouracil model with the participation of water molecules.The computation results show that in...The ONIOM quantum mechanics method is used to study the reaction of one-carbon unit transfer from an imidazolidine to 6- aminouracil model with the participation of water molecules.The computation results show that in this reaction the participation of H_2O molecule makes the energy barrier lower because of the H-bond interaction.展开更多
The mechanisms about the water’s and methanol’s effects on the alcoholysis of N-benzyl-3-oxo-β-sultam together with their differences have been studied by using density func- tional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G* leve...The mechanisms about the water’s and methanol’s effects on the alcoholysis of N-benzyl-3-oxo-β-sultam together with their differences have been studied by using density func- tional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. The results, in comparison with a previous study on the relative reaction without the assistance of water and methanol, show that the added water or methanol can remarkably reduce the energy barrier of alcoholysis reaction of N-benzyl-3-oxo- β-sultam and the most favorite pathway is the breaking of C–N bond instead of S–N. It is also found that the reaction energy barrier of methanol-assisted alcoholysis is a little higher than that of the water-assisted one.展开更多
With the aid of high-level B3LYP and MP2 calculations, three new neutral structures of glycine (iin, ivn and vn, see Fig. 2) were obtained and validated by frequency calculations. The structural and energetic analys...With the aid of high-level B3LYP and MP2 calculations, three new neutral structures of glycine (iin, ivn and vn, see Fig. 2) were obtained and validated by frequency calculations. The structural and energetic analyses showed that iin, ivn and vn are enantiomers to the previous IIn, IVn and Vn (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 9568.), respectively. Owing to the presence of these novel conformers, a redistribution of the populations of glycine conformers is resulted in and causes the remarkable decrease of the most stabilized Ip (from 48% to 38%). It indicated that the simple glycine molecule can show chirality under certain conditions. The interacting modes of glycine enantiomeric pairs (e.g., ivn and IVn) with PG showed large differences (Fig. 4); in addition, their interaction energies corrected with basis set superposition errors (BSSE) were calculated to be --66.81 and -46.99 kJ tool^-1, respectively. Accordingly, the glycine enantiomers can be potentially applied to the chiral recognition in biological and pharmaceutical areas.展开更多
With the help of the method of separation of variables and the Debye-Hüchel approximation, the Poisson-Boltzmann equation that describes the distribution of the potential in the electrical double layer of a cylin...With the help of the method of separation of variables and the Debye-Hüchel approximation, the Poisson-Boltzmann equation that describes the distribution of the potential in the electrical double layer of a cylindrical particle with a limited length has been firstly solved under a very low potential condition. Then with the help of the functional analysis theory this equation has been further analytically solved under general potential conditions and consequently, the corresponding surface charge densities have been obtained. Both the potential and the surface charge densities cointide with those results obtained from the Debye-Hüchel approximation when the very low potential of zeψ〈〈kT is introduced.展开更多
The ring opening of β-sultam v/a an H2O-assisted ammonolysis process was studied by using Density Functional Theory(DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-31G level as a further step in the theoretical investigation of the amm...The ring opening of β-sultam v/a an H2O-assisted ammonolysis process was studied by using Density Functional Theory(DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-31G level as a further step in the theoretical investigation of the ammonolysis reaction of β-sultams. The calculated pathways are analogous to those previously described for the non-assisted ammonolysis reaction. Solvent effects were assessed by using the polarized continuum model(PCM) method. The results show that mode 1 and pathway a in channel Ⅱ are the most favorable ones in both the cases. The energy barrier of the cleavage of C-S bonds producing P1 is the highest among all the energy barriers. The presence of a solvent in the continuum model disfavors the reaction, whereas the participation of water in the ammonolysis reaction plays a positive role and reduces the active energy greatly. The relative energies of all the transition states in the assisted ammonolysis are 20-80 kJ/mol lower than those for the non-assisted reaction.展开更多
A simple model, i.e. sodium di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) represented by one-head and two-tail beads tied together by a harmonic spring and water or isooctane by one bead, was put forward via Dissipative Parti...A simple model, i.e. sodium di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) represented by one-head and two-tail beads tied together by a harmonic spring and water or isooctane by one bead, was put forward via Dissipative Particles Dynamics (DPD) simulation method. Using the changes of interfacial tension between water and oil phase, a ternary phase diagram of AOT/water/isooctane system was drawn. From the simulation, one conclusion is shown that DPD simulation can be considered as an adjunct to experiments.展开更多
The partial potential energy surface of the I + HI →IH + I reaction involving the translational and vibrational motions has been constructed at the QCISD( T )//MP4SDQ level with the pseudo potential method that i...The partial potential energy surface of the I + HI →IH + I reaction involving the translational and vibrational motions has been constructed at the QCISD( T )//MP4SDQ level with the pseudo potential method that is helpful to interpreting the scattering resonance states. The lifetimes of the scattering resonance states in the title reaction obtained from the partial potential energy surface are about 90-120 fs, which agrees with the result of high-resolved threshold photodetachment spectroscopy of anion IHI^- measured by Neumark.展开更多
The potential energy surface and reaction mechanism corresponding to the reaction of ytterbium monocation with fluoromethane, which represents a prototype of the activation of C-F bond in fluorohydrocarbons by bare la...The potential energy surface and reaction mechanism corresponding to the reaction of ytterbium monocation with fluoromethane, which represents a prototype of the activation of C-F bond in fluorohydrocarbons by bare lanthanide cations, have been investigated for the first time by using density functional theory. A direct fluorine abstraction mechanism was revealed, and the related thermochemistry data were determined. The electron-transfer reactivity of the reaction was analyzed using the two-state model, and a strongly avoided crossing behavior on the transition state region was shown. The present results support the reaction mechanism inferred from early experimental data and the related thermochemistry data can provide a guide for further experimental researches.展开更多
In the stratosphere, CF3Cl( CFC 13 ) can either photodecompose or react directly with atomic oxygen to generate ozone-depleting agents such as Cl and ClO in the gas phase. Since the 1970s, attention has been focused...In the stratosphere, CF3Cl( CFC 13 ) can either photodecompose or react directly with atomic oxygen to generate ozone-depleting agents such as Cl and ClO in the gas phase. Since the 1970s, attention has been focused on the effects of these compounds on the destruction of ozone in the stratosphere and on global warming. Takahashi and coworkers detected ClO radicals and measured the product branching ratios of the title reaction system via the technique of vacuum ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence. Yu and coworkers studied the mechanisms of the title reaction induced by the photolysis of the CF3Cl-O3 system at 253.7 nm.展开更多
The second-order nonlinear optical properties of thiophene S,S -dioxides derivatives were studied by using the ZINDO-SOS method. The computed results show that the thiophene S,S -dioxide derivatives exhibit larger sec...The second-order nonlinear optical properties of thiophene S,S -dioxides derivatives were studied by using the ZINDO-SOS method. The computed results show that the thiophene S,S -dioxide derivatives exhibit larger second-order polarizabilities than their thiophene precursors. In order to clarify the origin of the different NLO responses among these chromophores, their electron properties and frontier orbital properties were investigated as well. These thiophene S,S -dioxides derivatives are good candidates for their application in electro-optical device due to their high nonlinearities, good thermal and photo stabilities.展开更多
Both a molecule dynamic study and a combined quantum mechanics and mole-cule mechanics(QM/MM) study on the acetylating deactivation mechanism of isoniazid were presented.This type of reaction was catalyzed by arylam...Both a molecule dynamic study and a combined quantum mechanics and mole-cule mechanics(QM/MM) study on the acetylating deactivation mechanism of isoniazid were presented.This type of reaction was catalyzed by arylamine N-acetyltransferases(NATs) and the results strongly support a direct acetyl group transfer process rather than a stepwise one.The isoniazid was strictly restrained in proper relative position to accept the acetyl group by a Hydrogen-bond network formed by the residues at the active center.The residues,His110 and Cys70,would be functioned as 'general base' rather than 'general acid'.If all the residues(including H2O molecules) were removed from the system,the activation energy will be increased from 145.1 to 243.3 kJ/mol.The calculations met the experimental data with good agreement.展开更多
The activities of neutral,anionic,and cationic Au(111),Au(100),and Au(310) surfaces,as well as an Au adatom on Au(111) surface towards NO adsorption have been studied by performing density functional theory calculatio...The activities of neutral,anionic,and cationic Au(111),Au(100),and Au(310) surfaces,as well as an Au adatom on Au(111) surface towards NO adsorption have been studied by performing density functional theory calculations.It was found that the activity of gold increases as the coordination number of the gold atoms decreases,and that the cationic surfaces are generally more active than the neutral and anionic surfaces.The activity of Au surfaces towards NO adsorption is attributable to the presence of low coordinated gold atoms and the concentration of positive charges on the surface.The results may enrich the understanding of NO adsorption on Au surfaces.展开更多
For the purpose of eliminating restriction, the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation, which represents the potential of the electrical double layer of spherical micelles, can be solved analytically only under the lower pot...For the purpose of eliminating restriction, the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation, which represents the potential of the electrical double layer of spherical micelles, can be solved analytically only under the lower potential condi-tion, a kind of iterative method in functional analysis theory has been used. The radius of the spherical particle can be obtained from the diagram of the second iterative solution of the potential versus the distance from the center of the particle. The influences of the concentration of the ions, the charge number of ions, the aggregation number of the particle, the dielectric constant of solvent and the temperature of system on the radius also have been studied.展开更多
Triatomic molecular potential energy surfaces (PES) are obtained by using coherent state to take the classical limits of algebraic Hamiltonian. The algebraic Hamiltonian for bent tria-tomic molecules can be obtained u...Triatomic molecular potential energy surfaces (PES) are obtained by using coherent state to take the classical limits of algebraic Hamiltonian. The algebraic Hamiltonian for bent tria-tomic molecules can be obtained using Lie algebraic method (the expansion coefficients are obtained by fitting spectroscopic data). This PES is applied to H2O molecule, and good results are obtained.展开更多
The vibrational excitations of bent triatomic molecules are studied by using Lie algebra. The RMS error of fitting 30 spectroscopic data is 1.66 cm-1 for SO2. The results show that the expansion of a molecular algebra...The vibrational excitations of bent triatomic molecules are studied by using Lie algebra. The RMS error of fitting 30 spectroscopic data is 1.66 cm-1 for SO2. The results show that the expansion of a molecular algebraic Hamiltonian can well describe the experimental data. And the total vibrational levels can be calculated using this Hamiltonian. At the same time, the potential energy surface can also be obtained with the algebraic Hamiltonian.展开更多
基金We wish to thank to the National Natural Science Foundation of China(to grant No,29903006 and 29973023)the Visiting Scholar Foundation of Key Laboratory in University of China for financial suppor.
文摘By using the iterative method in functional theory, an analytic expression of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PB eq.), which describes the distribution of the potential of electrical double layer of a spherical micelle, has been carried out under the general potential condition for the first time. The method also can give the radius, the surface potential, and the thickness of the layer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20373033).
文摘The Michael addition reactions of Z and E benzaldoximes with propene were investigated theoretically by DFT method at B3LYP/6-31G^* level. The calculation results show that both addition reactions are concerted processes accompanied by the migration of hydrogen from the atom oxygen to carbon. Both products Z and E nitrones have dipolar charge distributions and activities. Z isomer is more favorable in the reaction due to the barrier is lower.
基金Ⅴ. ACKN0WLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20573064) and Ph.D. Special Research Foundation of Chinese Education Department.
基金the support of the Grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China No.20573064 Ph.D.Special Research Foundation of Chinese Education Department.
文摘The partial potential energy surface was constructed by ab initio method [QCISD(T)/6- 311++G(2df,2pd)]for F+CH4→HF+CH3 reaction system. It not only explained the reaction mechanism brought forward by Diego Troya by means of quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) but also successfully validated Kopin Liu's experimental phenomena about the existence of the reactive resonance. The lifetime of the scattering resonance state was about 0.07 ps. All these were in agreement with the experiments.
文摘The ONIOM quantum mechanics method is used to study the reaction of one-carbon unit transfer from an imidazolidine to 6- aminouracil model with the participation of water molecules.The computation results show that in this reaction the participation of H_2O molecule makes the energy barrier lower because of the H-bond interaction.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20373034 and 20603030)Post-doctor Research Foundation of Shandong Province (No. 200601007)
文摘The mechanisms about the water’s and methanol’s effects on the alcoholysis of N-benzyl-3-oxo-β-sultam together with their differences have been studied by using density func- tional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. The results, in comparison with a previous study on the relative reaction without the assistance of water and methanol, show that the added water or methanol can remarkably reduce the energy barrier of alcoholysis reaction of N-benzyl-3-oxo- β-sultam and the most favorite pathway is the breaking of C–N bond instead of S–N. It is also found that the reaction energy barrier of methanol-assisted alcoholysis is a little higher than that of the water-assisted one.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Programs (No. 2004CB719902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20633060)the Talented Funds of Northeast Forestry University (No. 220-602042)
文摘With the aid of high-level B3LYP and MP2 calculations, three new neutral structures of glycine (iin, ivn and vn, see Fig. 2) were obtained and validated by frequency calculations. The structural and energetic analyses showed that iin, ivn and vn are enantiomers to the previous IIn, IVn and Vn (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 9568.), respectively. Owing to the presence of these novel conformers, a redistribution of the populations of glycine conformers is resulted in and causes the remarkable decrease of the most stabilized Ip (from 48% to 38%). It indicated that the simple glycine molecule can show chirality under certain conditions. The interacting modes of glycine enantiomeric pairs (e.g., ivn and IVn) with PG showed large differences (Fig. 4); in addition, their interaction energies corrected with basis set superposition errors (BSSE) were calculated to be --66.81 and -46.99 kJ tool^-1, respectively. Accordingly, the glycine enantiomers can be potentially applied to the chiral recognition in biological and pharmaceutical areas.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20473034) the Taihu Scholar Foundation of SouthernYangtze University(2003).
文摘With the help of the method of separation of variables and the Debye-Hüchel approximation, the Poisson-Boltzmann equation that describes the distribution of the potential in the electrical double layer of a cylindrical particle with a limited length has been firstly solved under a very low potential condition. Then with the help of the functional analysis theory this equation has been further analytically solved under general potential conditions and consequently, the corresponding surface charge densities have been obtained. Both the potential and the surface charge densities cointide with those results obtained from the Debye-Hüchel approximation when the very low potential of zeψ〈〈kT is introduced.
文摘The ring opening of β-sultam v/a an H2O-assisted ammonolysis process was studied by using Density Functional Theory(DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-31G level as a further step in the theoretical investigation of the ammonolysis reaction of β-sultams. The calculated pathways are analogous to those previously described for the non-assisted ammonolysis reaction. Solvent effects were assessed by using the polarized continuum model(PCM) method. The results show that mode 1 and pathway a in channel Ⅱ are the most favorable ones in both the cases. The energy barrier of the cleavage of C-S bonds producing P1 is the highest among all the energy barriers. The presence of a solvent in the continuum model disfavors the reaction, whereas the participation of water in the ammonolysis reaction plays a positive role and reduces the active energy greatly. The relative energies of all the transition states in the assisted ammonolysis are 20-80 kJ/mol lower than those for the non-assisted reaction.
文摘A simple model, i.e. sodium di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) represented by one-head and two-tail beads tied together by a harmonic spring and water or isooctane by one bead, was put forward via Dissipative Particles Dynamics (DPD) simulation method. Using the changes of interfacial tension between water and oil phase, a ternary phase diagram of AOT/water/isooctane system was drawn. From the simulation, one conclusion is shown that DPD simulation can be considered as an adjunct to experiments.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 20173032) Ph. D. Special Research Foundation ofMinistry of Education of China(No. 20020422027).
文摘The partial potential energy surface of the I + HI →IH + I reaction involving the translational and vibrational motions has been constructed at the QCISD( T )//MP4SDQ level with the pseudo potential method that is helpful to interpreting the scattering resonance states. The lifetimes of the scattering resonance states in the title reaction obtained from the partial potential energy surface are about 90-120 fs, which agrees with the result of high-resolved threshold photodetachment spectroscopy of anion IHI^- measured by Neumark.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.Z2000B02).
文摘The potential energy surface and reaction mechanism corresponding to the reaction of ytterbium monocation with fluoromethane, which represents a prototype of the activation of C-F bond in fluorohydrocarbons by bare lanthanide cations, have been investigated for the first time by using density functional theory. A direct fluorine abstraction mechanism was revealed, and the related thermochemistry data were determined. The electron-transfer reactivity of the reaction was analyzed using the two-state model, and a strongly avoided crossing behavior on the transition state region was shown. The present results support the reaction mechanism inferred from early experimental data and the related thermochemistry data can provide a guide for further experimental researches.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 20573064, 20073024) and the Special PhD Foundationof Ministry of Education of P. R. China(No. 20020422027).
文摘In the stratosphere, CF3Cl( CFC 13 ) can either photodecompose or react directly with atomic oxygen to generate ozone-depleting agents such as Cl and ClO in the gas phase. Since the 1970s, attention has been focused on the effects of these compounds on the destruction of ozone in the stratosphere and on global warming. Takahashi and coworkers detected ClO radicals and measured the product branching ratios of the title reaction system via the technique of vacuum ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence. Yu and coworkers studied the mechanisms of the title reaction induced by the photolysis of the CF3Cl-O3 system at 253.7 nm.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 2 98730 2 5 )
文摘The second-order nonlinear optical properties of thiophene S,S -dioxides derivatives were studied by using the ZINDO-SOS method. The computed results show that the thiophene S,S -dioxide derivatives exhibit larger second-order polarizabilities than their thiophene precursors. In order to clarify the origin of the different NLO responses among these chromophores, their electron properties and frontier orbital properties were investigated as well. These thiophene S,S -dioxides derivatives are good candidates for their application in electro-optical device due to their high nonlinearities, good thermal and photo stabilities.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20603030 and No. 21103080)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2010BL023)
文摘Both a molecule dynamic study and a combined quantum mechanics and mole-cule mechanics(QM/MM) study on the acetylating deactivation mechanism of isoniazid were presented.This type of reaction was catalyzed by arylamine N-acetyltransferases(NATs) and the results strongly support a direct acetyl group transfer process rather than a stepwise one.The isoniazid was strictly restrained in proper relative position to accept the acetyl group by a Hydrogen-bond network formed by the residues at the active center.The residues,His110 and Cys70,would be functioned as 'general base' rather than 'general acid'.If all the residues(including H2O molecules) were removed from the system,the activation energy will be increased from 145.1 to 243.3 kJ/mol.The calculations met the experimental data with good agreement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20873076 and 20873075)
文摘The activities of neutral,anionic,and cationic Au(111),Au(100),and Au(310) surfaces,as well as an Au adatom on Au(111) surface towards NO adsorption have been studied by performing density functional theory calculations.It was found that the activity of gold increases as the coordination number of the gold atoms decreases,and that the cationic surfaces are generally more active than the neutral and anionic surfaces.The activity of Au surfaces towards NO adsorption is attributable to the presence of low coordinated gold atoms and the concentration of positive charges on the surface.The results may enrich the understanding of NO adsorption on Au surfaces.
文摘For the purpose of eliminating restriction, the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation, which represents the potential of the electrical double layer of spherical micelles, can be solved analytically only under the lower potential condi-tion, a kind of iterative method in functional analysis theory has been used. The radius of the spherical particle can be obtained from the diagram of the second iterative solution of the potential versus the distance from the center of the particle. The influences of the concentration of the ions, the charge number of ions, the aggregation number of the particle, the dielectric constant of solvent and the temperature of system on the radius also have been studied.
文摘Triatomic molecular potential energy surfaces (PES) are obtained by using coherent state to take the classical limits of algebraic Hamiltonian. The algebraic Hamiltonian for bent tria-tomic molecules can be obtained using Lie algebraic method (the expansion coefficients are obtained by fitting spectroscopic data). This PES is applied to H2O molecule, and good results are obtained.
文摘The vibrational excitations of bent triatomic molecules are studied by using Lie algebra. The RMS error of fitting 30 spectroscopic data is 1.66 cm-1 for SO2. The results show that the expansion of a molecular algebraic Hamiltonian can well describe the experimental data. And the total vibrational levels can be calculated using this Hamiltonian. At the same time, the potential energy surface can also be obtained with the algebraic Hamiltonian.