The characterization of digestive enzymes presents in fish and their potential biotechnological uses is a well-developed and studied field.However,there has not been a systematic review that analyzes the state of know...The characterization of digestive enzymes presents in fish and their potential biotechnological uses is a well-developed and studied field.However,there has not been a systematic review that analyzes the state of knowledge of these enzymes at a global level.Therefore,a systematic literature search on three platforms was carried out to review and analyze existing knowledge about digestive enzymes of marine fishes from fisheries and aquaculture and their potential application in industrial processes.Using the PRISMA method for selecting journal manuscripts,we found 112 scientific articles published between 1984 and 2020 studying different digestive enzymes from 87 fish species.Most studies were carried out in Tunisia and Mexico and only 6 articles were published in South American countries.The most studied digestive enzymes were alkaline proteases,mainly trypsin,and the proposed uses for these enzymes were mainly as additives in commercial detergents.There is a vacancy in the characterization of other digestive enzymes as pepsins,lipases and amylases and the study of species that are distributed in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean.It is necessary to expand the knowledge about other digestive enzymes and to carry out new studies in regions with an important fishery development.展开更多
Animal habitat-use patterns cannot be isolated from scale issues. Consequently, multi-scale studies provide a complete characterization of ecological patterns that can further explain the observed variation. Liolaemus...Animal habitat-use patterns cannot be isolated from scale issues. Consequently, multi-scale studies provide a complete characterization of ecological patterns that can further explain the observed variation. Liolaemus constitutes the world＇s second most speciose lizard genus. In this study, we assessed the relationships between home range size and environmental variables at 3 different spatial scales. The study at a local and regional scale was focused on the habitat specialist Liolaemus multimaculatus. The lizard＇s home range was calculated using the minimum convex polygon method in populations from grassland sites of the coastal sand dunes of the Argentinean Pampas under 2 different conditions, with or without forestations of Acacia Iongifolia. On the other hand, at a geographical scale we considered the evolutionary implications of 20 species of Liolaemus. Home range size, phylogeny, ecological, environmental, and climatic data were ob- tained from the literature and remote sensing. L. multimaculatus home range varied from 12.66 to 570.00 m. Regionally, this species had smaller home ranges in forested habitats （X： 94.02 m2） com- pared with the non-forested sites （X： 219.78m2）. Habitat structure, vegetation types, and food availability would explain the space use at finer scales. When the 20 species of Liolaernus were considered, high mean air temperature and broad thermal amplitudes showed an inverse relationship with home range size. Neither net primary productivity nor phylogeny was good predictors for home range variation at geographical scale. This study highlights the scale dependence of the explicative capability of a set of environmental and intrinsic variables on home range patterns.展开更多
Physiological performance in lizards may be affected by climate across latitudinal or altitudinal gradients.In the coastal dune barriers in central-eastern Argentina,the annual maximum environmental temperature decrea...Physiological performance in lizards may be affected by climate across latitudinal or altitudinal gradients.In the coastal dune barriers in central-eastern Argentina,the annual maximum environmental temperature decreases up to 2℃ from low to high latitudes,while the mean relative humidity of the air decreases from 50%to 25%.Liolaemus multimaculatus,a lizard in the family Liolaemidae,is restricted to these coastal dunes.We investigated the locomotor performance of the species at 6 different sites distributed throughout its range in these dune barriers.We inquired whether locomotor performance metrics were sensitive to the thermal regime attributable to latitude.The thermal performance breadth increased from 7%to 82%with latitude,due to a decrease in its critical thermal minimum of up to 5℃ at higher latitudes.Lizards from high latitude sites showed a thermal optimum,that is,the body temperature at which maximum speed is achieved,up to 4℃lower than that of lizards from the low latitude.At relatively low temperatures,the maximum running speed of high-latitude individuals was faster than that of low-latitude ones.Thermal parameters of locomotor performance were labile,decreasing as a function of latitude.These results show populations of L.multimaculatus adjust thermal physiology to cope with local climatic variations.This suggests that thermal sensitivity responds to the magnitude of latitudinal fluctuations in environmental temperature.展开更多
基金supported by UNMDP-Argentina under Grant (EXA-979-20)CONICET (PIP 1093-20)MINCyT (PICT 1851-20).
文摘The characterization of digestive enzymes presents in fish and their potential biotechnological uses is a well-developed and studied field.However,there has not been a systematic review that analyzes the state of knowledge of these enzymes at a global level.Therefore,a systematic literature search on three platforms was carried out to review and analyze existing knowledge about digestive enzymes of marine fishes from fisheries and aquaculture and their potential application in industrial processes.Using the PRISMA method for selecting journal manuscripts,we found 112 scientific articles published between 1984 and 2020 studying different digestive enzymes from 87 fish species.Most studies were carried out in Tunisia and Mexico and only 6 articles were published in South American countries.The most studied digestive enzymes were alkaline proteases,mainly trypsin,and the proposed uses for these enzymes were mainly as additives in commercial detergents.There is a vacancy in the characterization of other digestive enzymes as pepsins,lipases and amylases and the study of species that are distributed in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean.It is necessary to expand the knowledge about other digestive enzymes and to carry out new studies in regions with an important fishery development.
文摘Animal habitat-use patterns cannot be isolated from scale issues. Consequently, multi-scale studies provide a complete characterization of ecological patterns that can further explain the observed variation. Liolaemus constitutes the world＇s second most speciose lizard genus. In this study, we assessed the relationships between home range size and environmental variables at 3 different spatial scales. The study at a local and regional scale was focused on the habitat specialist Liolaemus multimaculatus. The lizard＇s home range was calculated using the minimum convex polygon method in populations from grassland sites of the coastal sand dunes of the Argentinean Pampas under 2 different conditions, with or without forestations of Acacia Iongifolia. On the other hand, at a geographical scale we considered the evolutionary implications of 20 species of Liolaemus. Home range size, phylogeny, ecological, environmental, and climatic data were ob- tained from the literature and remote sensing. L. multimaculatus home range varied from 12.66 to 570.00 m. Regionally, this species had smaller home ranges in forested habitats （X： 94.02 m2） com- pared with the non-forested sites （X： 219.78m2）. Habitat structure, vegetation types, and food availability would explain the space use at finer scales. When the 20 species of Liolaernus were considered, high mean air temperature and broad thermal amplitudes showed an inverse relationship with home range size. Neither net primary productivity nor phylogeny was good predictors for home range variation at geographical scale. This study highlights the scale dependence of the explicative capability of a set of environmental and intrinsic variables on home range patterns.
基金This work was supported by the ANPCYT-FONCYT[PICT 2016-0677]the UNMdP[15E/695,EXA 745/15].
文摘Physiological performance in lizards may be affected by climate across latitudinal or altitudinal gradients.In the coastal dune barriers in central-eastern Argentina,the annual maximum environmental temperature decreases up to 2℃ from low to high latitudes,while the mean relative humidity of the air decreases from 50%to 25%.Liolaemus multimaculatus,a lizard in the family Liolaemidae,is restricted to these coastal dunes.We investigated the locomotor performance of the species at 6 different sites distributed throughout its range in these dune barriers.We inquired whether locomotor performance metrics were sensitive to the thermal regime attributable to latitude.The thermal performance breadth increased from 7%to 82%with latitude,due to a decrease in its critical thermal minimum of up to 5℃ at higher latitudes.Lizards from high latitude sites showed a thermal optimum,that is,the body temperature at which maximum speed is achieved,up to 4℃lower than that of lizards from the low latitude.At relatively low temperatures,the maximum running speed of high-latitude individuals was faster than that of low-latitude ones.Thermal parameters of locomotor performance were labile,decreasing as a function of latitude.These results show populations of L.multimaculatus adjust thermal physiology to cope with local climatic variations.This suggests that thermal sensitivity responds to the magnitude of latitudinal fluctuations in environmental temperature.
