In this study, the relationship between the elementary masses and elementary charges of quarks and electrons is considered in connection to the strong nuclear force and the color charge. The relationship is further co...In this study, the relationship between the elementary masses and elementary charges of quarks and electrons is considered in connection to the strong nuclear force and the color charge. The relationship is further considered in connection with the matter-antimatter asymmetry problem, and the decay times for different particles. The results strongly suggest that the quarks can be expressed as charge equalization of the electron, and that the coincidence of the charges has no alternative way to be unified with the elementary masses. To solve these problems, a new standard model with a second group of antiparticles is proposed, and the strong nuclear force is considered as an interaction between equalized electric charges instead of being a fundamental force, which also explains its short-ranged high strength. A new periodic table of elements is proposed to unfold the overall number of elementary charges that make up the atomic nucleus of different elements.展开更多
The Big Bang theory states that the universe was created from pure energy, although matter, in general, is also pure energy and there is no known physical existence that is not pure energy in accordance with the mass-...The Big Bang theory states that the universe was created from pure energy, although matter, in general, is also pure energy and there is no known physical existence that is not pure energy in accordance with the mass-energy equation. All known energy is situated in a field, and it can be questioned whether also the Big Bang was situated in a field in the primordial moment it inflated into the subsequent cosmic expansion that so far lets us observe a 93-billion-light-year-wide spherical volume of the universe. In this study, the Big Bang’s gravitational influence, particularly in the form of an externally radiated gravitational wave, is considered in connection to its situation in a surrounding field with a different expansion rate than itself. The results suggest that the least possible size of the universe can be predicted by the expression of the gravitational wave produced by Big Bang, revealing that the universe has a significantly greater size than the observable, and further that Big Bang might be the production of only one of many cosmic galaxies situated together in a cosmological wave complex (CWC) where the amplitude is self-maintained by inflations.展开更多
文摘In this study, the relationship between the elementary masses and elementary charges of quarks and electrons is considered in connection to the strong nuclear force and the color charge. The relationship is further considered in connection with the matter-antimatter asymmetry problem, and the decay times for different particles. The results strongly suggest that the quarks can be expressed as charge equalization of the electron, and that the coincidence of the charges has no alternative way to be unified with the elementary masses. To solve these problems, a new standard model with a second group of antiparticles is proposed, and the strong nuclear force is considered as an interaction between equalized electric charges instead of being a fundamental force, which also explains its short-ranged high strength. A new periodic table of elements is proposed to unfold the overall number of elementary charges that make up the atomic nucleus of different elements.
文摘The Big Bang theory states that the universe was created from pure energy, although matter, in general, is also pure energy and there is no known physical existence that is not pure energy in accordance with the mass-energy equation. All known energy is situated in a field, and it can be questioned whether also the Big Bang was situated in a field in the primordial moment it inflated into the subsequent cosmic expansion that so far lets us observe a 93-billion-light-year-wide spherical volume of the universe. In this study, the Big Bang’s gravitational influence, particularly in the form of an externally radiated gravitational wave, is considered in connection to its situation in a surrounding field with a different expansion rate than itself. The results suggest that the least possible size of the universe can be predicted by the expression of the gravitational wave produced by Big Bang, revealing that the universe has a significantly greater size than the observable, and further that Big Bang might be the production of only one of many cosmic galaxies situated together in a cosmological wave complex (CWC) where the amplitude is self-maintained by inflations.
