Thionization Method of Glycosyl Urea and Carbamide Sugars

This work is describing a thionization method for glycosyl urea and carbamide of sugars by using the Lawesson’s reagent. It is proposed the method based on the interaction of glycosyl urea and carbamide of sugars with the Lawessons reagent at a 1:1 ratio in the presence of a pyridine. As a result, sulfur-containing derivatives of sugar carbamides are obtained with the help of Lawesson’s reagent. Obtained experimental data are indicating the developed new method for thionization of sugar carbamides, which opens up broad possibilities for synthesis of various carbohydrate derivatives of thiourea. Significance of this work is that, thiourea derivatives are promising bactericidal, fungicidal and anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, the preparation of thiourea derivatives and the study of their properties remain topical tasks in the field of chemistry.

Morphological Characteristics of Thymus in the Newborns in Different Climatic and Geographical Conditions of Kyrgyzstan

This paper is describing a detailed study of morphological structures and characteristics newborns thymus in different climatic and geographical conditions of Kara-Balta, Cholpon-Ata, and Bishkek in Kyrgyzstan. Anatomical structure research done on 26 thymuses of newborn corpses. Research results showed that a significant amount of thymuses consisted of lobes with very thin connective tissues between them. It is observed that the Hassall cells were usually located in the medulla part of the thymus after using the coloring by Van-Gieson’s stain visible clear elastic and collagen fibers. In addition, cell population dynamics in a unit of conditional area of cortical substance thymus lobes in newborns determined.

Groups of the Body Constitution and Age-Related Anthropometric Parameters in Kyrgyz Women

This article is investigating constitutional and age characteristics of the body length, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and the absolute fat mass of Kyrgyz women. The features of the BMI and fat body mass in females with different constitutional and age groups were studied. According to our study, the leptosomatic group of body constitution was determined in 20% of women, while the mesosomatic group noted in 32%, megalosomatic group recorded in 33%, and an indefinite group established in 15% among the studied women. Stenoplastic constitution was 66% - 77% in the leptosomal constitution;asthenic thin bone group was 18% - 24%;and broad bone group somatotypes were 5 - 10%. The proportion of the mesoplastic group was 31 - 66%, which is greater than picnic somatotype (34% - 69%). Results of our study revealed constitutional and age peculiarities are important for prescriptions in practical medicine.

Displacement of the Residual Liver Cavity in Laparoscopic Echinococcectomy

Aim: This article aimed to investigate the analysis of various methods for eliminating the residual liver cavity after laparoscopic echinococcectomy in patients. Methods: The authors used the following methods of eliminating the residual cavity: omentoplasty (36.8%), abdominalization (30%), drainage of the residual cavity (26.2%), and a combination of omentoplasty with drainage of the residual cavity (7%). Results: In the postoperative period, complications occurred in 2 (3.5%) cases in the form of bile leakage from the residual liver cavity. Conclusions: It is recommended to use abdominalization and omentoplasty when choosing a method for eliminating the residual liver cavity.

Catamnestic Observation of Premature Newborns with Nervous System Injury in the Kyrgyz Republic

Background: Recently, among child disability disorders nervous system diseases are prevailing 19.5%, while mental disorders are 14.3% and congenital malformations 21%. In most cases, children’s neurological disability is associated with pathology during the perinatal period, while 24% of patients have a cerebral impairment. Premature newborns perished 30 to 35 times more often than in-time newborns, and perinatal mortality in case of premature pregnancies is 30 to 40 times higher than in term delivery. Aim: This article is studying catamnestic observation of premature newborns with nervous system injury and with perinatal pathology in Kyrgyzstan for the period 2020-2021. Preterm newborns’ anthropometric characteristics and main diagnoses associated with diseases in the gestational period were shown. Methods: A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination including premature newborns health dynamic monitoring with gestational age from 28 to 36 weeks, who were treated in the neonatal pathology department of the Regional Maternity Hospital in Osh for the period from 2020-2021 were carried out. Literature review analysis from PubMed database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and clinical trials performed. Results: after clinical examination, it was revealed that pregnancy and childbirth in all mothers of the studied group passed with complications. In mothers of the studying group, the most common pathologies during pregnancy were chronic fetal hypoxia 49 (58.4%), acute respiratory infections 28 (33.4%), the threat of termination of pregnancy 20 (23.9%), preeclampsia 16 (19.11%), sexually transmitted infections 9 (10.8%), pyelonephritis 14 (16.7%), polyhydramnios 9 (10.8%), 71 children (84.6%) were born with asphyxiation and 25 children extracted by cesarean section with varying degrees of severity. Conclusions: Depending on the severity of the perinatal lesion of the nervous system and pathological factor effects, it is very important to start early habilitation measures with preterm newborns who are at risk of developmental delay deviations, and to exit disabling disorders.

Somatotypological Features of the Skin Fat Fold Thickness in Ethnic Kyrgyz Women

The purpose of this study was to determine the thickness of skin and fat folds in Kyrgyz women of various ages, taking into account their somatotypological profile. Using the method of complex anthropometry, including the determination of the values of 21 anthropometric parameters, the physical status of 1028 Kyrgyz women of different age groups was studied youth (16 - 20 years old 310 girls), mature age (1st period, 21 - 35 years old 308 women;2nd period, 36 - 55 years 410 women) living in Osh, Kyrgyzstan. For somatotyping, we used the scheme of constitutional diagnostics. Seven somatotypes distinguished within three constitutional groups. The subcutaneous fat was measured by caliperometry. Statistical processing carried out using the statistical programs Microsoft Excel and the STATISTICA package (v. 6.0). To determine the reliability of the differences between the indicators, the Student’s test was used (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate that within each somatotype there are broad changes in the studied anthropometric indicator. Thus, the thickness of the skin and fat folds is the smallest in women of asthenic, athletic and stenoplastic (p < 0.05), and the largest in representatives of the euriplastic and pycnic somatotypes (p < 0.05). Thus, indicators of physical status in adolescence and adulthood in women have a pronounced somatotypological specificity. These materials on the physical development and constitutional and typological characteristics of the studied population of women applicable for a personalized approach in the context of a relative norm.

Essential Oil from Ether-Containing Plants of Juniper (<i>Juniperus</i>) and Spruce (<i>Picea</i>) Leaves by Distillation

This article is investigating the preparation of essential oil from the ether-containing plants of Juniper (Juniperus) and spruce (Picea) leaves by using the simple water distillation equipment. This water distillation method forms an essential oil with water vapor from plants of Juniper (Juniperus) and spruce (Picea) leaves based on Dalton’s law of partial pressure, applicable for plants containing a large amount of ether oil where distillation temperature is not affecting product quality. Obtained essential oils are widely used in medicine, perfumery, cosmetics, and food industry. In addition, these essential oils possess different activities including antimicrobial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory, which have different effects such as adaptogenic, antidepressive, disinfection, and wound healing, diuretic, and antipyretic.

Development of Blood Donation Activities in Kyrgyzstan and General Implications for Blood Donation

Objectives: This article is aiming to give an essential informative principle about the development of blood donation activities in Kyrgyzstan. Background: The sequence of blood donation procedure steps before donation, during donation, and after donation was shown and discussed. Methods/Materials: Rhesus factor determination in donors was achieved by “COLICO” method which is based on the use of monoclonal antibodies solution. Results: According to the blood donation activity of donors in Osh, Kyrgyzstan for the 2018 year, it was found that gratuitous donors who donated blood in 6 months were 269, in 9 months were 366, and in 1 year were 499 people. Relative donors who donated blood in 6 months were 3480, in 9 months were 5100, and in 1 year were 6701 people. Active donors donated blood in 6 months were 12, in 9 months were 14 and in 1 year were 17 people. Conclusion: No agglutination was observed in any of the plates for the first blood group;agglutination was observed with anti-A monoclonal antibody solution for the second blood group;agglutination was observed with anti-B monoclonal antibody solution for the third blood group;agglutination was observed with both of anti-A and anti-B monoclonal antibody solutions for the fourth blood group.

Microflora Formation in Newborns Depending on the Mother Microbiological Profile and Locality Altitude

Aims: This work is aimed to investigate microflora formation, quantitative and qualitative features of various bacteria colonization in the women in labor, and newborns depending on the microbiological profile and locality altitude. Rationale: Physiological and social adaptation of newborns in extreme climate of mountains, in particular the microflora formation in unusual conditions studied. Findings: In the study of nasal microflora, the C. albicans species in case of women in labor were 77.7%, while in the newborns C. albicans species were 2 times less. In lowlands, the S. aureus type was prevailed, while in case of midlands prevailed bacterium was S. epidermidis. In the newborns of highlands, E. coli was prevailed, as in the examined lowlands, it found as 75%. In the women in labor, C. albicans were detected as 56.6%, C. krusei was 36.6%, S. aureus was 23.3%, S. epidermidis was 60% and E. coli was 30%. In newborns, representatives of candida fungi found: C. albicans was 3.3%, C. krusei was 26.6%, S. aureus was 43.3%, S. epidermidis was 53.6% and E. coli was 36.6%. Conclusions: In this work, we determined bacterial microflora colonization in throat, nasal, vaginal, urinoculture and skin swab of women in labor and newborns in lowland, midland and highland conditions, respectively.

Anesthetic Treatment in Operations of Small Pelvic Organs Pathology

The article presents data on the surgical treatment of 405 patients with pelvic organ surgical and gynecological diseases. When using regional anesthesia during operations in the lower abdominal cavity of patients with pelvic pathology, a smoother operation course and early postoperative period were observed compared with general anesthesia use. In this work, 405 patients with surgical and gynecological diseases of pelvic organs, operated in the surgical and gynecological departments were analyzed. When using regional anesthesia, it was observed that intraoperative blood loss in patients and consumption of narcotic analgesics in the postoperative period decreases.

Radiation and Differential Diagnosis of Computed Tomography (CT) Data for Coronavirus Infection “COVID-19” with Clinical Examples

This article is presenting data from a retrospective analysis of medical records and computed tomography (CT) scans of patients’ chests with coronavirus infection “COVID-19” who applied to the diagnostic center of URFA in Osh during the first wave of the pandemic in the Kyrgyz Republic, with a description of individual clinical cases and their differential diagnosis. Chest computed tomography is one of the main methods in visual diagnosis of pneumonia in COVID-19 in hospitalized patients, which allows determining signs, symptoms for effective treatment.