Teaching and Learning on the Internet： A New Model of University, the International Telematic University UNINETTUNO

The convergence of telecommunications and computer science, the realization of computer-based networks and the integration of languages, by overcoming space and time constraints, gave rise to the globalization process and to the development of the knowledge society. We are facing a true revolution that is based on the multiplication of knowledge and its corresponding applications, but also on the knowledge codification, memorization and knowledge transfer. The challenges that educational institutions, and the University in particular, are called to face are linked to the fact that classrooms or lecture halls are no longer the only places where one can follow study courses： anybody from anywhere, if he has the required technological equipment and the appropriate materials can build his own environment to carry on his own educational and self-learning process. This is the reason why we need to identify new models of university and psycho-pedagogic theories allowing for the development of new Internet-based teaching and learning models by carrying on research work. This paper describes the university model proposed by International Telematic University UN1NETTUNO, rapidly become acknowledged at an international level.

Einstein Hybrid Structure of q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Soft Set and Its Application for Diagnosis of Waterborne Infectious Disease

This research is devoted to diagnosing water-borne infectious diseases caused by floods employing a novel diagnosis approach,the Einstein hybrid structure of q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set.This approach integrates parts of fuzzy logic and soft set theory to develop a robust alternative for disease detection in stressful situations,especially in areas affected by floods.Compared to the traditional intuitionistic fuzzy soft set and Pythagorean fuzzy soft set,the q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set(q-ROFSS)adequately incorporates unclear and indeterminate facts.The major objective of this investigation is to formulate the q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft Einstein hybrid weighted average(q-ROFSEHWA)operator and its specific characteristics.Moreover,our stated operator is implementing intelligentmulti-criteria group decision-making(MCGDM)methodology.Floods are severe natural catastrophes that raise the risk of diseases and epidemics,particularly those caused by contaminants in the water,such as gastrointestinal diseases,respiratory infections,vector-borne diseases,skin infections,and water-borne parasites.The designed MCGDM strategy tackles the prevalence of certain conditions in flood-affected patients.A comparative investigation determined that the suggested method for detecting water-borne infectious disease due to floods is more effective and productive than conventional methods because of its logical structure.

An Intelligent MCGDM Model in Green Suppliers Selection Using Interactional Aggregation Operators for Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Soft Sets

Green supplier selection is an important debate in green supply chain management(GSCM),attracting global attention from scholars,especially companies and policymakers.Companies frequently search for new ideas and strategies to assist them in realizing sustainable development.Because of the speculative character of human opinions,supplier selection frequently includes unreliable data,and the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft set(IVPFSS)provides an exceptional capacity to cope with excessive fuzziness,inconsistency,and inexactness through the decision-making procedure.The main goal of this study is to come up with new operational laws for interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft numbers(IVPFSNs)and create two interaction operators-the intervalvalued Pythagorean fuzzy soft interaction weighted average(IVPFSIWA)and the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft interaction weighted geometric(IVPFSIWG)operators,and analyze their properties.These operators are highly advantageous in addressing uncertain problems by considering membership and non-membership values within intervals,providing a superior solution to other methods.Moreover,specialist judgments were calculated by the MCGDM technique,supporting the use of interaction AOs to regulate the interdependence and fundamental partiality of green supplier assessment aspects.Lastly,a statistical clarification of the planned method for green supplier selection is presented.

AGGREGATE SPECIAL FUNCTIONS TO APPROXIMATE PERMUTING TRI-HOMOMORPHISMS AND PERMUTING TRI-DERIVATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH A TRI-ADDITIVEψ-FUNCTIONAL INEQUALITY IN BANACH ALGEBRAS

In this paper,we define a new class of control functions through aggregate special functions.These class of control functions help us to stabilize and approximate a tri-additiveψ-functional inequality to get a better estimation for permuting tri-homomorphisms and permuting tri-derivations in unital C*-algebras and Banach algebras by the vector-valued alternative fixed point theorem.

An Innovative Technique for Constructing Highly Non-Linear Components of Block Cipher for Data Security against Cyber Attacks

The rapid advancement of data in web-based communication has created one of the biggest issues concerning the security of data carried over the internet from unauthorized access.To improve data security,modern cryptosystems use substitution-boxes.Nowadays,data privacy has become a key concern for consumers who transfer sensitive data from one place to another.To address these problems,many companies rely on cryptographic techniques to secure data from illegal activities and assaults.Among these cryptographic approaches,AES is a well-known algorithm that transforms plain text into cipher text by employing substitution box(S-box).The S-box disguises the relationship between cipher text and the key to guard against cipher attacks.The security of a cipher using an S-box depends on the cryptographic strength of the respective S-box.Therefore,various researchers have employed different techniques to construct high order non-linear S-box.This paper provides a novel approach for evolving S-boxes using coset graphs for the action of the alternating group A5 over the finite field and the symmetric group S256.The motivation for this work is to study the symmetric group and coset graphs.The authors have performed various analyses against conventional security criteria such as nonlinearity,differential uniformity,linear probability,the bit independence criterion,and the strict avalanche criterion to determine its high cryptographic strength.To evaluate its image application performance,the proposed S-box is also used to encrypt digital images.The performance and comparison analyses show that the suggested S-box can secure data against cyber-attacks.

Exact Solutions and Finite Time Stability of Linear Conformable Fractional Systems with Pure Delay

We study nonhomogeneous systems of linear conformable fractional differential equations with pure delay.By using new conformable delayed matrix functions and the method of variation,we obtain a representation of their solutions.As an application,we derive a finite time stability result using the representation of solutions and a norm estimation of the conformable delayedmatrix functions.The obtained results are new,and they extend and improve some existing ones.Finally,an example is presented to illustrate the validity of our theoretical results.

A Mathematical Approach for Generating a Highly Non-Linear Substitution Box Using Quadratic Fractional Transformation

Nowadays,one of the most important difficulties is the protection and privacy of confidential data.To address these problems,numerous organizations rely on the use of cryptographic techniques to secure data from illegal activities and assaults.Modern cryptographic ciphers use the non-linear component of block cipher to ensure the robust encryption process and lawful decoding of plain data during the decryption phase.For the designing of a secure substitution box(S-box),non-linearity(NL)which is an algebraic property of the S-box has great importance.Consequently,the main focus of cryptographers is to achieve the S-box with a high value of non-linearity.In this suggested study,an algebraic approach for the construction of 16×16 S-boxes is provided which is based on the fractional transformation Q(z)=1/α(z)^(m)+β(mod257)and finite field.This technique is only applicable for the even number exponent in the range(2-254)that are not multiples of 4.Firstly,we choose a quadratic fractional transformation,swap each missing element with repeating elements,and acquire the initial S-box.In the second stage,a special permutation of the symmetric group S256 is utilized to construct the final S-box,which has a higher NL score of 112.75 than the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)S-box and a lower linear probability score of 0.1328.In addition,a tabular and graphical comparison of various algebraic features of the created S-box with many other S-boxes from the literature is provided which verifies that the created S-box has the ability and is good enough to withstand linear and differential attacks.From different analyses,it is ensured that the proposed S-boxes are better than as compared to the existing S-boxes.Further these S-boxes can be utilized in the security of the image data and the text data.

Computation of the Eigenvalues of 3<i>D</i>“Charged” Integral Equations

The Rayleigh-Ritz and the inverse iteration methods are used in order to compute the eigenvalues of 3D Fredholm-Stieltjes integral equations, i.e. 3D Fredholm equations with respect to suitable Stieltjes-type measures. Some applications are shown, relevant to the problem of computing the eigenvalues of a body charged by a finite number of masses concentrated on points, curves or surfaces lying in.

A “Hard to Die” Series Expansion and Lucas Polynomials of the Second Kind

We show how to use the Lucas polynomials of the second kind in the solution of a homogeneous linear differential system with constant coefficients, avoiding the Jordan canonical form for the relevant matrix.

An Artificial Intelligence Approach for Solving Stochastic Transportation Problems

Recent years witness a great deal of interest in artificial intelligence(AI)tools in the area of optimization.AI has developed a large number of tools to solve themost difficult search-and-optimization problems in computer science and operations research.Indeed,metaheuristic-based algorithms are a sub-field of AI.This study presents the use of themetaheuristic algorithm,that is,water cycle algorithm(WCA),in the transportation problem.A stochastic transportation problem is considered in which the parameters supply and demand are considered as random variables that follow the Weibull distribution.Since the parameters are stochastic,the corresponding constraints are probabilistic.They are converted into deterministic constraints using the stochastic programming approach.In this study,we propose evolutionary algorithms to handle the difficulties of the complex high-dimensional optimization problems.WCA is influenced by the water cycle process of how streams and rivers flow toward the sea(optimal solution).WCA is applied to the stochastic transportation problem,and obtained results are compared with that of the new metaheuristic optimization algorithm,namely the neural network algorithm which is inspired by the biological nervous system.It is concluded that WCA presents better results when compared with the neural network algorithm.

Accounting Harmonization for the Assessment of the Public Expenditure in Healthcare Service： Evidence From the Italian Experience

The introduction of the New Public Management （NPM） has not bridged the differences among the various European accounting traditions. In Italy, in particular, there are still different accounting methods in all public sectors. In the healthcare system, these differences have emerged more strongly. The recent Italian reform on accounting harmonization seems to be the answer to this accounting disharmony and represents a means of controlling public expenditure. This study aims to analyze the consolidated financial statement and the consolidated cash flow statement of the regional healthcare system as a new tool for the accounting harmonization. This paper is divided into two logical parts： In the first part, the authors analyze how the new accounting model is evolving under the current reform; in the second part, the authors analyze the consolidated financial statement and the consolidated cash flow statement that has been applied experimentally over the last two years in the Umbria Region.

Solution of Linear Dynamical Systems Using Lucas Polynomials of the Second Kind

The use of functions, expressible in terms of Lucas polynomials of the second kind, allows us to write down the solution of linear dynamical systems—both in the discrete and continuous case—avoiding the Jordan canonical form of involved matrices. This improves the computational complexity of the algorithms used in literature.

Manakov model of coupled NLS equation and its optical soliton solutions

In the field of maritime transport,motion and energy,the dynamics of deep-sea waves is one of the major problems in ocean science.A mathematical modeling of dynamics of solitary waves in deep sea under the two-layer stratification leads to NLS equation,and consequently,the interaction two of them can be formulated by coupled NLS equation.In this work,extended auxiliary equation and the exp(−ω(χ))-expansion methods are employed to make the optical solutions of the Manakov model of coupled NLS equation.The methods used in this paper,in addition to providing the analysis of individual wave solutions,also provide general optical solutions.Some previously known solutions can be obtained by some special selections of parameters obtained by solving systems of algebraic equations.At this stage,it is more practical and convenient to apply methods with a symbolic calculation system.

Soliton solutions for nonlinear variable-order fractional Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation arising in shallow water waves

Nonlinear fractional differential equations provide suitable models to describe real-world phenomena and many fractional derivatives are varying with time and space.The present study considers the advanced and broad spectrum of the nonlinear(NL)variable-order fractional differential equation(VO-FDE)in sense of VO Caputo fractional derivative(CFD)to describe the physical models.The VO-FDE transforms into an ordinary differential equation(ODE)and then solving by the modified(G/G)-expansion method.For ac-curacy,the space-time VO fractional Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation is solved by the proposed method and obtained some new types of periodic wave,singular,and Kink exact solutions.The newly obtained solutions confirmed that the proposed method is well-ordered and capable implement to find a class of NL-VO equations.The VO non-integer performance of the solutions is studied broadly by using 2D and 3D graphical representation.The results revealed that the NL VO-FDEs are highly active,functional and convenient in explaining the problems in scientific physics.

New mathematical modelings of the human liver and hearing loss systems with fractional derivatives

Fractional derivatives are significant mathematical instruments that have been practiced to model real phenomena in different areas of science.Through the current investigation study,we develop the Human Liver and Hearing Loss models by employing three fractional operators called Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo,Caputo and Caputo-Fabrizio derivatives.The numerical techniques regarding the basic theories of fractional analysis considered to obtain the approximate solutions of the offered systems.Indeed,approximate results are presented for showing the efficacy of the methods during graphs of solutions.To see the performance of the suggested models,different fractional orders are tested.

Dynamics of tuberculosis in HIV-HCV co-infected cases

This work presents a compartmental mathematical model describing transmission and spread of tuberculosis(TB)in HIV-HCV co-infected cases.The novelty of this work comes through mathematical modeling of the dynamics of TB not only in HIV but also in HIV-HCV co-infected cases.We analyze the formulated model by proving the existence of disease-free equilibrium solution.We calculate the basic reproduction number Ro,of the model and construct Lyapunov-Lasalle candidate function to explore the global asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium solution.Result from the mathematical analysis indicates that the disease-free equilibrium solution is globally asymptotically stable if Ro<1.The existence of unique endemic equilibrium solution is established through numerical investigation.Further,the model is reformulated as an optimal control problem,considering time-dependent controls(vaccination and public health education)to minimize the spread of tuberculosis in HIV-HCV co-infected cases,using Pontryagin's maximum principle.Numerical simulations and cost-effectiveness analysis are carried out which reveal that vaccination combined with public health education would reduce the spread of tuberculosis when HIV-HCV co-infected cases have been successfully controlled in the population.

3D numerical study and comparison of thermal-flow performance of various annular finne d-tub e designs

With the increase of heat transfer problems in marine vehicles and submerged power stations in oceans,the search for an efficient finned-tube heat exchanger has become particularly important.The purpose of the present investigation is to analyze and compare the thermal exchange and flow characteristics between five different fin designs,namely:a concentric circular finned-tube(CCFT),an eccentric circular finned-tube(ECFT),a perforated circular finned-tube(PCFT),a serrated circular finned-tube(SCFT),and a star-shaped finned-tube(S-SFT).The fin design and spacing impact on the thermal-flow performance of a heat exchanger was computed at Reynolds numbers varying from 4,300 to 15,000.From the numerical results,and when the fin spacing has been changed from 2 to 7 mm,an enhancement in the Colburn factor and a reduction in the friction factor and fin performances were observed for all cases under study.Three criteria were checked to select the most efficient fin design:the performance evaluation criterion P EC,the global performance criterion G PC,and the mass global performance criterion M G PC.Whatever the value of Reynolds number,the conventional CCFT provided the lowest performance evaluation criterion P EC,while the SCFT gave the highest amount of P EC.The most significant value of G PC was reached with the ECFT;however,G PC remained almost the same for CCFT,PCFT,SCFT,and S-SFT.In terms of the mass global performance criterion,the S-SFT provides the highest M Gpc as compared with the full fins of CCFT(41-73%higher)and ECFT(29-54%higher).Thus,the heat exchanger with S-SFT is recommended to be used in the cooling of offshore energy systems.

Impact of Joule heating and multiple slips on a Maxwell nanofluid flow past a slendering surface

This manuscript presents a study of three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic Maxwell nanofluid flow across a slendering stretched surface with Joule heating.The impact of binary chemical reactions,heat generation,thermal radiation,and thermophoretic effect is also taken into consideration.The multiple slip boundary conditions are utilized at the boundary of the surface.The appropriate similarity variable is used to transfer the flow modeled equations into ODEs,which are numerically solved by the utilization of the MATLAB bvp4c algorithm.The involved parameter's impact on the concentration,velocity,and temperature distribution are scrutinized with graphs.The transport rates(mass,heat)are also investigated using the same variables,with the results reported in tabulated form.It is seen that the fluid relaxation,magnetic,and wall thickness characteristics diminish the velocities of fluid.Further,the velocity,concentration,and temperature slip parameters reduce the velocities of fluid,temperature,and concentration distribution.The results are compared to existing studies and shown to be in dependable agreement.