Pancreatic insulin-secretingβcells are essential in maintaining normal glucose homeostasis accomplished byhighly specialized transcription of insulin gene,of which occupies up to 40%their transcriptome.Deficiency of ...Pancreatic insulin-secretingβcells are essential in maintaining normal glucose homeostasis accomplished byhighly specialized transcription of insulin gene,of which occupies up to 40%their transcriptome.Deficiency of these cells causes diabetes mellitus,a global public health problem.Although tremendous endeavors have been made to generate insulin-secreting cells from human pluripotent stem cells(i.e.,primitive cells capable of giving rise to all cell types in the body),a regenerative therapy to diabetes has not yet been established.Furthermore,the nomenclature ofβcells has become inconsistent,confusing and controversial due to the lack of standardized positive controls of developmental stagematched in vivo cells.In order to minimize this negative impact and facilitate critical research in this field,a postgenomic concept of pancreaticβcells might be helpful.In this review article,we will briefly describe howβcells were discovered and islet lineage is developed that may help understand the cause of nomenclatural controversy,suggest a post-genomic definition and finally provide a conclusive remark on future research of this pivotal cell.展开更多
The establishment of multipotent pancreas progenitors(MPP) should have a significant impact not only on the ontology of the pancreas, but also for the translational research of glucose-responding endocrine b-cells. De...The establishment of multipotent pancreas progenitors(MPP) should have a significant impact not only on the ontology of the pancreas, but also for the translational research of glucose-responding endocrine b-cells. Deficiency of the latter may lead to the pandemic type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder. An ideal treatment of which would potentially be the replacement of destroyed or failed b-cells, by restoring function of endogenous pancreatic endocrine cells or by transplantation of donor islets or in vitro generated insulin-secreting cells. Thus, considerable research efforts have been devoted to identify MPP candidates in the preand post-natal pancreas for the endogenous neogenesis or regeneration of endocrine insulin-secreting cells. In order to advance this inconclusive but critical field, we here review the emerging concepts, recent literature and newest developments of potential MPP and propose measures that would assist its forward progression.展开更多
基金The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation(4-2006-1025)Medical Research Foundation of Royal Perth HospitalPerth Children’s Hospital Research Fund(TPCHRF2013)Grant(to F.X.Jiang)partially
文摘Pancreatic insulin-secretingβcells are essential in maintaining normal glucose homeostasis accomplished byhighly specialized transcription of insulin gene,of which occupies up to 40%their transcriptome.Deficiency of these cells causes diabetes mellitus,a global public health problem.Although tremendous endeavors have been made to generate insulin-secreting cells from human pluripotent stem cells(i.e.,primitive cells capable of giving rise to all cell types in the body),a regenerative therapy to diabetes has not yet been established.Furthermore,the nomenclature ofβcells has become inconsistent,confusing and controversial due to the lack of standardized positive controls of developmental stagematched in vivo cells.In order to minimize this negative impact and facilitate critical research in this field,a postgenomic concept of pancreaticβcells might be helpful.In this review article,we will briefly describe howβcells were discovered and islet lineage is developed that may help understand the cause of nomenclatural controversy,suggest a post-genomic definition and finally provide a conclusive remark on future research of this pivotal cell.
基金Supported by Telethon Perth Child Health Research Foundationthe Diabetes Research Foundation of Western Australia+1 种基金the University of Western Australiathe National Health and Medical Research Council Program,No.53000400
文摘The establishment of multipotent pancreas progenitors(MPP) should have a significant impact not only on the ontology of the pancreas, but also for the translational research of glucose-responding endocrine b-cells. Deficiency of the latter may lead to the pandemic type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder. An ideal treatment of which would potentially be the replacement of destroyed or failed b-cells, by restoring function of endogenous pancreatic endocrine cells or by transplantation of donor islets or in vitro generated insulin-secreting cells. Thus, considerable research efforts have been devoted to identify MPP candidates in the preand post-natal pancreas for the endogenous neogenesis or regeneration of endocrine insulin-secreting cells. In order to advance this inconclusive but critical field, we here review the emerging concepts, recent literature and newest developments of potential MPP and propose measures that would assist its forward progression.
