Micro RNA-320 family is downregulated in colorectal adenoma and affects tumor proliferation by targeting CDK6

AIM: To investigate the microR NA(miR NA) expression during histological progression from colorectal normal mucosa through adenoma to carcinoma within a lesion. METHODS: Using microarray, the sequential changes in miR NA expression profiles were compared in colonic lesions from matched samples; histologically, nonneoplastic mucosa, adenoma, and submucosal invasive carcinoma were microdissected from a tissue sample. Cell proliferation assay was performed to observe the effect of miR NA, and its target genes were predicted using bioinformatics approaches and the expression profile of SW480 transfected with the miR NA mimics. mR NA and protein levels of the target gene in colon cancer cell lines with a mimic control or miR NA mimics were measured using qR TPCR and Western blotting. The expression levels of miR NA and target gene in colorectal tissue samples were also measured.RESULTS: Microarray analysis identified that the miR-320 family, including miR-320 a, miR-320 b, miR-320 c, miR-320 d and miR-320 e, were differentially expressed in adenomaand submucosal invasive carcinoma. The mi R-320 family, which inhibits cell proliferation, is frequently downregulated in colorectal adenoma and submucosal invasive carcinoma tissues. Seven genes including CDK6 were identified to be common in the results of gene expression array and bioinformatics analyses performed to find the target gene of the miR-320 family. We confirmed that mR NA and protein levels of CDK6 were significantly suppressed in colon cancer cell lines with miR-320 family mimics. CDK6 expression was found to increase from non-neoplastic mucosa through adenoma to submucosal invasive carcinoma tissues and showed an inverse correlation with miR-320 family expression.CONCLUSION: MiR-320 family affects colorectal tumor proliferation by targeting CDK6, plays important role in its growth, and is considered to be a biomarker for its early detection.

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Hand Therapy for Elderly People with Dementia

Background: This study evaluated the effectiveness of hand therapy for elderly people with dementia and the change in effectiveness depending on sex differences between the patients and operators. Methods: The Abe’s behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia score (ABS), index of resistance to care, and inner balance scanner scores were evaluated. Results: The mean ABS was 18.4 (before therapy), 16.0 (operator of the same sex), and 17.1 (operator of the opposite sex). The mean index scores for resistance to care were 15.3 (before therapy), 15.2 (operator of the same sex), and 13.2 (operator of the opposite sex). When the operator and patient were of the same sex, the mean value of comparison of total power (TP) decreased from 28,060.4 (before therapy) to 5974.3 (after therapy), and the mean low frequency (LF)/high frequency (HF) ratio decreased from 1.7 (before therapy) to 1.2 (after therapy). When the operator was of the opposite sex of that of the patient, the mean TP value decreased from 25,760.4 (before therapy) to 7669.5 (after therapy), and the mean LF/HF ratio increased from 1.2 (before therapy) to 1.5 (after therapy). Conclusions: Hand therapy was the most effective when the patient and operator were of the same sex.