Dynamics analysis and cryptographic implementation of a fractional-order memristive cellular neural network model

Due to the fact that a memristor with memory properties is an ideal electronic component for implementation of the artificial neural synaptic function,a brand-new tristable locally active memristor model is first proposed in this paper.Here,a novel four-dimensional fractional-order memristive cellular neural network(FO-MCNN)model with hidden attractors is constructed to enhance the engineering feasibility of the original CNN model and its performance.Then,its hardware circuit implementation and complicated dynamic properties are investigated on multi-simulation platforms.Subsequently,it is used toward secure communication application scenarios.Taking it as the pseudo-random number generator(PRNG),a new privacy image security scheme is designed based on the adaptive sampling rate compressive sensing(ASR-CS)model.Eventually,the simulation analysis and comparative experiments manifest that the proposed data encryption scheme possesses strong immunity against various security attack models and satisfactory compression performance.

Nonlinear Study on the Mechanical Performance of Built-Up Cold-Formed Steel Concrete-Filled Columns under Compression

Given their numerous functional and architectural benefits,such as improved bearing capacity and increased resistance to elastic instability modes,cold-formed steel(CFS)built-up sections have become increasingly developed and used in recent years,particularly in the construction industry.This paper presents an analytical and numerical study of assembled CFS two single channel-shaped columns with different slenderness and configurations(backto-back,face-to-face,and box).These columns were joined by double-row rivets for the back-to-back and box configurations,whereas they were welded together for the face-to-face design.The built-up columns were filled with ordinary concrete of good strength.Finite element models were applied,using ABAQUS software,to assess mechanical performance and study the influence of assembly techniques on the behavior of cold-formed columns under axial compression.Analytical approaches based on Eurocode 3 and Eurocode 4 recommendations for un-filled and concrete-filled columns respectively were followed for the numerical analysis,and concrete confinement effects were also considered per American Concrete Institute(ACI)standards for face-to-face and box configurations.The obtained results indicated a good correlation between the numerical results and the proposed analytical methodology which did not exceed 8%.The failure modes showed that the columns failed due to instabilities such as local and global buckling.

Analysis of the Fertilizing and Bioremediation Potential of Leaf Litter Compost Amendment in Different Soils through Indexing Method

This research study explored the efficacy of leaf litter compost as a sustainable soil amendment with the objective of promoting soil health and mitigating the accumulation of potentially toxic elements. The investigation encompassed the impact of various organic compost amendments, including leaf compost, cow dung manure, kitchen waste compost, municipal organic waste compost, and vermicompost. The study employed Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to evaluate soil nutrient levels and concentrations of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) such as arsenic, chromium, cadmium, mercury, lead, nickel, and lithium. The fertilization and bioremediation potential of these compost amendments are quantified using an indexing method. Results indicated a substantial increase in overall nutrient levels (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur) in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic composts. Fertility indices (FI) are notably higher in compost-amended soils (ranging from 2.667 to 3.938) compared to those amended with chemical fertilizers (ranging from 2.250 to 2.813) across all soil samples. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of PTEs were significantly lower in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic compost amendments compared to those treated with chemical fertilizers amendments. The assessment through the indexing method revealed a high clean index (CI) for leaf compost amendment (ranging from 3.407 to 3.58), whereas the chemical fertilizer amendment exhibits a relatively lower CI (ranging from 2.78 to 3.20). Consequently, leaf compost and other organic composts exhibit the potential to enhance sustainable productivity, promoting soil health and environmental safety by improving nutrient levels and remediating potentially toxic elements in the soil.

Damage response of conventionally reinforced two-way spanning concrete slab under eccentric impacting drop weight loading

Reinforced concrete(RC)structures are generally designed to carry quasi-static gravity loads through almost indispensable components namely slab,however,it may be subjected to high intense loads induced from the impact of projectiles generated by the tornado,falling construction equipment,and also from accidental explosions during their construction and service lifespan.Impacts due to rock/boulder falls do occur on the structures located especially in hilly areas.Such loadings are not predictable but may cause severe damage to the slab/structure.It stimulates structural engineers and researchers to investigate and understand the dynamic response of RC structures under such impulsive loading.This research work first investigates the performance of 1000×1000×75 mm^(3)conventionally reinforced two-way spanning normal strength concrete slab with only tension reinforcement(0.88%)under the concentric impact load(1035 N)using the finite element method based computer code,ABAQUS/Explicit-v.6.15.The impact load is delivered to the centroid of the slab using a solid-steel cylindroconical impactor(drop weight)with a flat nose of diameter 40 mm,having a total mass of 105 kg released from a fixed height of 2500 mm.Two popular concrete constitutive models in ABAQUS namely;Holmquist-Johnson-Cook(HJC)and Concrete Damage Plasticity(CDP),with strain rate effects as per fib MODEL CODE 2010,are used to model the concrete material behavior to impact loading and to simulate the damage to the slab.The slab response using these two models is analyzed and compared with the impact test results.The strain rate effect on the reinforcing steel bars has been incorporated in the analysis using the Malvar and Crawford(1998)approach.A classical elastoplastic kinematic idealization is considered to model the steel impactor and support system.Results reveal that the HJC model gives a little overestimation of peak displacement,maximum acceleration,and damage of the slab while the predictions given by the CDP model are in reasonable agreement with the experimental test results/observations available in the open literature.Following the validation of the numerical model,analyses have been extended to further investigate the damage response of the slab under eccentric impact loadings.In addition to the concentric location(P1)of the impacting device,five locations on a quarter of the slab i.e.,two along the diagonal(P2&P3),the other two along the mid-span(P4&P5),and the last one(P6)between P3 and P5,covering the entire slab,are considered.Computational results have been discussed and compared,and the evaluation of the most damaging location(s)of the impact is investigated.It has been found that the most critical location of the impact is not the centroid of the slab but the eccentric one with the eccentricity of 1/6th of the span from the centroid along the mid-span section.

Multiple Object Tracking through Background Learning

This paper discusses about the new approach of multiple object track-ing relative to background information.The concept of multiple object tracking through background learning is based upon the theory of relativity,that involves a frame of reference in spatial domain to localize and/or track any object.Thefield of multiple object tracking has seen a lot of research,but researchers have considered the background as redundant.However,in object tracking,the back-ground plays a vital role and leads to definite improvement in the overall process of tracking.In the present work an algorithm is proposed for the multiple object tracking through background learning.The learning framework is based on graph embedding approach for localizing multiple objects.The graph utilizes the inher-ent capabilities of depth modelling that assist in prior to track occlusion avoidance among multiple objects.The proposed algorithm has been compared with the recent work available in literature on numerous performance evaluation measures.It is observed that our proposed algorithm gives better performance.

Cd and Hg Mediated Oxidative Stress,Antioxidative Metabolism and Molecular Changes in Soybean(Glycine max L.)

Cadmium(Cd)and Mercury(Hg)is among the heavy metals most hazardous for plant and human health.Known to induce oxidative stress in plants and disbalance equilibrium in the antioxidant defence system,these metals alter plant growth and cause damage at the cellular and molecular levels.Soybean is an important oilseed crop that is raised in soils often contaminated by Cd and Hg.The comparative studies on the deleterious effect of Cd and Hg and the defence system of antioxidants were not studied earlier in soybean plant.In this study,soybean plants were exposed to Cd(100μM CdCl_(2))and Hg(100μM HgCl_(2))and studied for physiological,biochemical and molecular responses.Both Cd and Hg treatment increased the magnitude of oxidative stress.Activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly upregulated in response to Cd and Hg stress.Quantitative and qualitative assessment of isolated RNA showed significant differences in RNA under stress.Integrity values of RNA confirmed alterations.Transcript level of the Actin gene,involved in the morphogenesis of plants and also used as referenced gene in expression studies was analyzed using qRT-PCR just to check its stability and response under heavy metal stress.Results showed significant upregulation of the gene in the presence of Cd.It can be concluded that both Cd and Hg caused oxidative damage to plants,and adversely affected the quality of RNA.However,soybean tried to limit the adverse impacts of Cd and Hg stress by elevating the antioxidant system and upregulating Actin gene.

Data-Driven Approach for Condition Monitoring and Improving Power Output of Photovoltaic Systems

Increasing renewable energy targets globally has raised the requirement for the efficient and profitable operation of solar photovoltaic(PV)systems.In light of this requirement,this paper provides a path for evaluating the operating condition and improving the power output of the PV system in a grid integrated environment.To achieve this,different types of faults in grid-connected PV systems(GCPVs)and their impact on the energy loss associated with the electrical network are analyzed.A data-driven approach using neural networks(NNs)is proposed to achieve root cause analysis and localize the fault to the component level in the system.The localized fault condition is combined with a parallel operation of adaptive neurofuzzy inference units(ANFIUs)to develop a power mismatch-based control unit(PMCU)for improving the power output of the GCPV.To develop the proposed framework,a 10-kW single-phase GCPV is simulated for training the NN-based anomaly detection approach with 14 deviation signals.Further,the developed algorithm is combined with the PMCU implemented with the experimental setup of GCPV.The results identified 98.2%training accuracy and 43000 observations/sec prediction speed for the trained classifier,and improved power output with reduced voltage and current harmonics for the grid-connected PV operation.

Fuzzy User Access Trust Model for Cloud Access Control

Cloud computing belongs to a set of policies,protocols,technologies through which one can access shared resources such as storage,applications,net-works,and services at relatively low cost.Despite the tremendous advantages of cloud computing,one big threat which must be taken care of is data security in the cloud.There are a dozen of threats that we are being exposed to while avail-ing cloud services.Insufficient identity and access management,insecure inter-faces and Applications interfaces(APIs),hijacking,advanced persistent threats,data threats,and many more are certain security issues with the cloud platform.APIs and service providers face a huge challenge to ensure the security and integ-rity of both network and data.To overcome these challenges access control mechanisms are employed.Traditional access control mechanisms fail to monitor the user operations on the cloud platform and are prone to attacks like IP spoofing and other attacks that impact the integrity of the data.For ensuring data integrity on cloud platforms,access control mechanisms should go beyond authentication,identification,and authorization.Thus,in this work,a trust-based access control mechanism is proposed that analyzes the data of the user behavior,network beha-vior,demand behavior,and security behavior for computing trust value before granting user access.The method that computes thefinal trust value makes use of the fuzzy logic algorithm.The trust value-based policies are defined for the access control mechanism and based on the trust value outcome the access control is granted or denied.

Drought-Mediated Modulation in Metabolomic Profiling of Nigella Sativa Leaf, Growth, Ecophysiology and Antioxidants

Abiotic stresses,including drought,have been found to affect the growth and medicinal quality of numerous herbs.The proposed study aims to study the effects of different drought regimes on the metabolic profile,growth,ecophysiology,cellular antioxidants,and antioxidant potential of Nigella sativa(Black cumin)leaf.Forty-day-old seedlings of N.sativa were exposed to three regimes of drought(control,moderate and high)for a week.UPLCMS/MS metabolic profile of the leaf reveals the presence of more than a hundred metabolites belonging to anthocyanins,chalcones,dihydro flavonoids,flavonoids,flavanols,flavones,flavonoid carbonoside,isoflavones,etc.Drought was found to alter the contents of identified metabolites.Drought stress-induced oxidative stress and increased production of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions.Physiological changes,activities of antioxidant enzymes,contents of antioxidants,and proline were significantly high under drought to protect against the low water regimes.Furthermore,stressed leaf extract had higher antioxidant potential.Thus,N.sativa leaf bears multiple metabolic pathways and can tolerate a higher degree of drought or osmotic stress.

Applications of nanotechnology in medical field: a brief review

Nanotechnology has extensive application as nanomedicine in the medical field.Some nanoparticles have possible applications in novel diagnostic instruments,imagery and methodologies,targeted medicinal products,pharmaceutical products,biomedical implants,and tissue engineering.Today treatments of high toxicity can be administered with improved safety using nanotechnology,such as chemotherapeutic cancer drugs.Further,wearable gadgets can detect crucial changes in vital signs,cancer cell conditions,and infections that are genuinely happening in the body.We anticipate these technologies to provide doctors with considerably much better direct access to critical data on the reasons for changes in the signs of life or illness because of the technological presence at the source of the problem.Biomedicine can be utilised for therapies with predictive analytics and artificial intelligence.For carrying out this study,relevant papers on Nanotechnology in the medical field from Scopus,Google scholar,ResearchGate,and other research platforms are identified and studied.The study discusses different types of Nanoparticles used in the medical field.This paper discusses nanotechnology applications in the medical field.The class,features,and characteristics of Nanotechnology for medicine are also briefed.Scientists,governments,civil society organisations,and the general public will need to collaborate across sectors to assess the significance of nanotechnology and guide its advancement in various fields.The current research includes several possible Nanotechnology uses in the medical field.As a result,the study provides a brief and well-organised report on nanotechnology that should be valuable to researchers,engineers,and scientists for future research projects.

Securing Healthcare Data in IoMT Network Using Enhanced Chaos Based Substitution and Diffusion

Patient privacy and data protection have been crucial concerns in Ehealthcare systems for many years.In modern-day applications,patient data usually holds clinical imagery,records,and other medical details.Lately,the Internet of Medical Things(IoMT),equipped with cloud computing,has come out to be a beneficial paradigm in the healthcare field.However,the openness of networks and systems leads to security threats and illegal access.Therefore,reliable,fast,and robust security methods need to be developed to ensure the safe exchange of healthcare data generated from various image sensing and other IoMT-driven devices in the IoMT network.This paper presents an image protection scheme for healthcare applications to protect patients’medical image data exchanged in IoMT networks.The proposed security scheme depends on an enhanced 2D discrete chaotic map and allows dynamic substitution based on an optimized highly-nonlinear S-box and diffusion to gain an excellent security performance.The optimized S-box has an excellent nonlinearity score of 112.The new image protection scheme is efficient enough to exhibit correlation values less than 0.0022,entropy values higher than 7.999,and NPCR values around 99.6%.To reveal the efficacy of the scheme,several comparison studies are presented.These comparison studies reveal that the novel protection scheme is robust,efficient,and capable of securing healthcare imagery in IoMT systems.

Dynamic S-Box Generation Using Novel Chaotic Map with Nonlinearity Tweaking

A substitution box(S-Box)is a crucial component of contemporary cryptosystems that provide data protection in block ciphers.At the moment,chaotic maps are being created and extensively used to generate these SBoxes as a chaotic map assists in providing disorder and resistance to combat cryptanalytical attempts.In this paper,the construction of a dynamic S-Box using a cipher key is proposed using a novel chaotic map and an innovative tweaking approach.The projected chaotic map and the proposed tweak approach are presented for the first time and the use of parameters in their workingmakes both of these dynamic in nature.The tweak approach employs cubic polynomials while permuting the values of an initial S-Box to enhance its cryptographic fort.Values of the parameters are provided using the cipher key and a small variation in values of these parameters results in a completely different unique S-Box.Comparative analysis and exploration confirmed that the projected chaoticmap exhibits a significant amount of chaotic complexity.The security assessment in terms of bijectivity,nonlinearity,bits independence,strict avalanche,linear approximation probability,and differential probability criteria are utilized to critically investigate the effectiveness of the proposed S-Box against several assaults.The proposed S-Box’s cryptographic performance is comparable to those of recently projected S-Boxes for its adaption in real-world security applications.The comparative scrutiny pacifies the genuine potential of the proposed S-Box in terms of its applicability for data security.

借鉴与启示:国外重要农业文化遗产研究再认识

从2002年联合国粮农组织提出“全球重要农业文化遗产”的概念至今,我国相关的申报工作进展很快,走在了世界的前列。但是对“重要农业文化遗产”的保护和管理,与国外一些发达国家相比,还具有一定的差距,这势必会影响我国“重要农业文化遗产”的创新和利用。在这样的背景下,系统梳理国外的有关论著,了解其对“重要农业文化遗产”的研究与实践,以利于借鉴和启示,也就显得正当其时了。

环境库兹涅茨曲线对中国扶贫工作的启示:一种国外思潮的反思

"环境库兹涅茨曲线"揭示,在经济发展初期,环境资本可以为经济发展做出牺牲,待人均收入上升到一定程度后,环境质量会随收入的增加而逐步得到改善,即环境质量与人均收入呈现为倒U型关系。研究表明,"环境库兹涅茨曲线"的成立,最多只适用于工业文明,而不能化解前工业诸文明形态的环境问题。当贫困对象不属于工业文明时,就不能直接套用"环境库兹涅茨曲线"去指导当下的扶贫工作。因此,在扶贫行动中,只有回归生态文明的基本理念,致力于重建人与自然的和谐关系,将资源利用与生态维护作为同一个整体去对待,这样才能有效摆脱"环境库兹涅茨曲线"等国外思潮的干扰与牵制。

Correlation of p53 over-expression and alteration in p53 gene detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism in adenocarcinoma of gastric cancer patients from India

AIM:To study the alterations in p53 gene among Indian gastric cancer patients and to correlate them with the various clinicopathological parameters. METHODS:A total of 103 gastric cancer patients were included in this study.The p53 alterations were studied by both immunohistochemical method as well as polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-single strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP)analysis.We only studied four(exon 5,6,7,and 8)of the 11 p53 exons.The alterations in p53 were also correlated with respect to various clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS:Among 103 cases,p53 over-expression and alteration were detected in 37(35.92%)and 19(18.44%)cases,respectively.Most of the p53 alterations were found at exon 5(31.54%),followed by exon 6(26.31%),exon 7(21.04%)and exon 8(21.04%).A significant correlation of p53 over- expression was found with p53 alteration(P=0.000). Concordance between p53 alteration(as detected by SSCP)and over-expression[as detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC)]was found in 75%cases. We found that IHC-positive/SSCP-negative cases accounted for 21%of cases and IHC-negative/SSCP- positive cases accounted for remaining 4%cases. CONCLUSION:Our results show that p53 genemutations are significantly correlated with p53 protein overxpression,with 75%concordance in overexpression and alteration in the p53 gene,but 25% disconcordance also cautions against the assumption that p53 over-expression is always associated with a gene mutation.There may be other mechanisms responsible for stabilization and accumulation of p53 protein with no evidence of gene mutation that reflect an accumulation of a non-mutated protein,or a false negative SSCP result.

铝-铜搅拌摩擦焊综述（英文）

在工程应用中需要通过连接不同的材料制成零部件以满足不同的要求。由于所用材料的力学、热和电性能存在巨大差异,使得这些零部件的制造极具挑战性。搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)能够用于连接异种材料,如铝(Al)和铜(Cu)。关于异种材料的连接,特别是铝-铜,文献来源比较分散,因此,铝-铜搅拌摩擦焊的信息收集比较繁琐。本文综述铝-铜的搅拌摩擦焊,为科研人员提供相关信息。文中全面涵盖和系统总结铝-铜搅拌摩擦焊的各项问题,如工具设计和尺寸、工艺参数以及流程对零件力学性能、微观组织和缺陷形成的影响。此外,还提出和探讨铝-铜搅拌摩擦焊的几个改进工艺。该工作不仅列举前人的主要成果,还提出铝-铜搅拌摩擦焊的发展建议。

Heavy metal induced DNA changes in aquatic macrophytes: Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis and identification of sequence characterized amplified region marker

Plants have been used as good bio-indicators and genetic toxicity of environmental pollution in recent years. In this study, aquatic plants Hydrilla verticillata and Ceratophyllum demersum treated with 10 μmol/L Cd, 5 μmol/L Hg, and 20 μmol/L Cu for 96 h, showed changes in chlorophyll, protein content, and in DNA profiles. The changes in DNA profiles included variation in band intensity, presence or absence of certain bands and even appearance of new bands. Genomic template stability test performed for the qualitative measurement of changes in randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles, showed significant effect at the given concentration of metals. Cloning and sequencing of bands suggested that these markers although may not be homologous to any known gene but its conversion as a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker is useful in detecting the effects of genotoxin agents.

Evaluating effectiveness of frequency ratio, fuzzy logic and logistic regression models in assessing landslide susceptibility: a case from Rudraprayag district, India

Rudraprayag in Garhwal Himalayan division is one of the most vulnerable districts to landslides in India. Heavy rainfall, steep slope and developmental activities are important factors for the occurrence of landslides in the district. Therefore, specific assessment of landslide susceptibility and its accuracy at regional level is essential for disaster management and proper land use planning. The article evaluates effectiveness of frequency ratio, fuzzy logic and logistic regression models for assessing landslide susceptibility in Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand state, India. A landslide inventory map was prepared and verified by field data. Fourteen landslide parameters and generated inventory map were utilized to prepare landslide susceptibility maps through frequency ratio, fuzzy logic and logistic regression models. Landslide susceptibility maps generated through these models were classified into very high, high, medium, low and very low categories using natural breaks classification. Receiver operating characteristics(ROC) curve, spatially agreed area approach and seed cell area index(SCAI) method were used to validate the landslide models. Validation results revealed that fuzzy logic model was found to be more effective in assessing landslide susceptibility in the study area. The landslide susceptibility map generated through fuzzy logic model can be best utilized for landslide disaster management and effective land use planning.

Attenuation of Collagen Induced Arthritis by Centella asiatica Methanol Fraction via Modulation of Cytokines and Oxidative Stress

Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-arthritic effects of Centella asiatica methanolfraction(CaM E) on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA), an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Arthritis was induced in female wistar rats by immunization with porcine type II collagen. The CIA rats were treated orally with CaM E(50, 150, and 250 mg/kg/day) for 15 d(beginning on day 21 of the experimental period). The clinical, histological, biochemical, and immunological parameters were assessed. Results CaM E treatment(150 and 250 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the severity of CIA and reduced the synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion, and bone erosion as evident from both histological and radiographic data. The escalated plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12 alongwith nitric oxide in CIA rats decreased significantly on CaM E treatment. The serum levels of type-II collagen antibody were significantly lower in rats of CaM E(150 and 250 mg/kg) treated group than those in the arthritic group. Furthermore, by inhibiting the above mediators, CaM E also contributed towards the reversal of the disturbed antioxidant levels and peroxidative damage. Conclusion Our results clearly indicate that oral administration of CaM E suppresses joint inflammation, cytokine expression as well as antioxidant imbalance, thereby contributing to an amelioration of arthritis severity in CIA rats.

Inhibition of hepatitis B virus DNA replicative intermediate forms by recombinant interferon-γ

AIM: To evaluate the in vitro anti-HBV activity of recombinant human IFN-γ, alone and in combination with lamivudine. METHODS: A recombinant baculovirus-HBV/HepG2 culture system was developed which could support productive HBV infection in vitro. Expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in infected HepG2 culture medium was detected by commercial enzyme immunoassays. HBV DNA replication intermediates were detected in infected cells by Southern hybridization and viral DNA load was determined by dot hybridization. RESULTS: IFN-γat 0.1 to 5μg/L efficiently down regulated HBsAg expression in transduced HepG2 cells. At 5μg/L, IFN-γalso suppressed HBV DNA replication in these cells. While treatment with a combination of lamivudine and IFN-γshowed no additive effect, sequential treatment first with lamivudine and then IFN-γwas found to be promising. In this culture system the best HBV suppression was observed with a pulse of 2μmol/L lamivudine for two days, followed by 1μg/L IFN-γfor another four days. Compared to treatment with lamivudine alone, the sequential use of 0.2μmol/L lamivudine for two days, followed by 5μg/L IFN-γfor six days showed a 72% reduction in HBV cccDNA pool. CONCLUSION: This in vitro study warrants further evaluation of a combination of IFN-γand lamivudine, especially in IFN-αnon-responder chronic hepatitis B patients. A reduced duration of lamivudine treatment would also restrict the emergence of drug-resistant HBV mutants.