Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and sodium alginate were chosen as the research objects, and the hydrogen bond conformation of compound system was studied with the molecular dynamics simulation, which simulated the energy ...Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and sodium alginate were chosen as the research objects, and the hydrogen bond conformation of compound system was studied with the molecular dynamics simulation, which simulated the energy variety in composite process. Combining with Hamiltonian in quantum mechanics calculation, the mechanism of hydrogen bond in KGM and sodium alginate compound system stability was analyzed from a micro angle. The results showed that, the hydrogen bonds occurring between the molecule of KGM and sodium alginate are in large number, and they mainly appeared between the -OH on C(6), C(3) in the mannose residues of KGM and C(2), C(3) of sodium alginate. The formation of hydrogen bonds results in the energy expectation value of the Hamiltonian thermal density matrix of the compound system to be negative, the energy of the system to decrease, and the compounds tending to form stable conformations.展开更多
We propose to use transverse momentum pT distribution of J/ψ production at the future Electron Ion Collider(EIC)to explore the production mechanism of heavy quarkonia in high energy collisions.We apply QCD and QED co...We propose to use transverse momentum pT distribution of J/ψ production at the future Electron Ion Collider(EIC)to explore the production mechanism of heavy quarkonia in high energy collisions.We apply QCD and QED collinear factorization to the production of a cc pair at high pT,and non-relativistic QCD factorization to the hadronization of the pair to a J/ψ.We evaluate J/ψ pT-distribution at both leading and next-to-leading order in strong coupling,and show that production rates for various color-spin channels of a cc pair in electronhadron collisions are very different from that in hadron-hadron collisions,which provides a strong discriminative power to determine various transition rates for the pair to become a J/ψ.We predict that the J/ψproduced in electron-hadron collisions is likely unpolarized,and the production is an ideal probe for gluon distribution of colliding hadron(or nucleus).We find that the J/ψ production is dominated by the color-octet channel,providing an excellent probe to explore the gluon medium in large nuclei at the EIC.展开更多
Recent results on nucleon resonance studies in π+π-p electro- production off protons with the CLAS detector are presented. The analysis of CLAS data allowed us to determine all essential contributiag mechanisms, pr...Recent results on nucleon resonance studies in π+π-p electro- production off protons with the CLAS detector are presented. The analysis of CLAS data allowed us to determine all essential contributiag mechanisms, providing a credible separation between resonant and non-resonant parts of the cross sections in a wide kinematical area of invariant masses of the final hadronic system 1.3 〈 W 〈 1.8 GeV and photon virtutualities 0.2 〈 Q2 〈 1.5 GeV2. Electrocouplings of several excited proton states with masses less than 1.8 GeV were obtained for the first time from the analysis of π+π-p exclusive electroproduction channel.展开更多
Recently,we have derived a two–nucleon potential and consistent nuclear electromagnetic currents in chiral effective field theory with pions and nucleons as explicit degrees of freedom.The calculation of the currents...Recently,we have derived a two–nucleon potential and consistent nuclear electromagnetic currents in chiral effective field theory with pions and nucleons as explicit degrees of freedom.The calculation of the currents has been carried out to include N 3 LO corrections,consisting of two–pion exchange and contact contributions.The latter involve unknown low-energy constants (LECs),some of which have been fixed by fitting the np Sand P-wave phase shifts up to 100 MeV lab energies.The remaining LECs entering the current operator are determined so as to reproduce the experimental deuteron and trinucleon magnetic moments,as well as the np cross section.This electromagnetic current operator is utilized to study the nd and n 3 He radiative captures at thermal neutron energies.Here we discuss our results stressing on the important role played by the LECs in reproducing the experimental data.展开更多
I. Introduction The excited states of the nucleon have been studied in a large number of formation and production experiments. The Breit-Wigner masses and widths, the pole positions, and the elasticities of the N and ...I. Introduction The excited states of the nucleon have been studied in a large number of formation and production experiments. The Breit-Wigner masses and widths, the pole positions, and the elasticities of the N and A resonances in the Baryon Summary Table come largely from partial-wave analyses of πN total, elastic, and charge-exchange scattering data. The most comprehensive analyses were carried out by the Karlsruhe-Helsinki (KH80) [1], Carnegie Mellon-Berkeley (CMBS0) [2],展开更多
Many measurements of B decays involve admixtures of B hadrons. Previously we arbitrarily included such admixtures in the B±section, but because of their importance we have created two new sections:
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,283 new measurements from 899 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the ...The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,283 new measurements from 899 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as heavy neutrinos, supersymmetric and technicolor particles, axions, dark photons, etc. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Supersymmetry, Extra Dimensions, Particle Detectors, Probability, and Statistics. Among the 112 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on: Dark Energy, Higgs Boson Physics, Electroweak Model, Neutrino Cross Section Measurements, Monte Carlo Neutrino Generators, Top Quark, Dark Matter, Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Accelerator Physics of Colliders, High-Energy Collider Parameters, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Astrophysical Constants and Cosmological Parameters. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http ://pdg. lbl. gov.展开更多
1. Overview The Review of Particle Physics and the abbreviated version, the Particle Physics Booklet, are reviews of the field of Particle Physics. This complete Review includes a compilation/evaluation of data on par...1. Overview The Review of Particle Physics and the abbreviated version, the Particle Physics Booklet, are reviews of the field of Particle Physics. This complete Review includes a compilation/evaluation of data on particle properties, called the "Particle Listings." These Listings include 3,283 new measurements from 899 papers, in addition to the 32,153 measurements from 8,944 papers that first appeared in previous editions [1].展开更多
Written by R.L. Kelly (LBNL). The most commonly used SU(3) isoscalar factors, corresponding to the singlet, octet, and deeuplet content of 8 8 and 10 8, are shown at the right. The notation uses particle nam...Written by R.L. Kelly (LBNL). The most commonly used SU(3) isoscalar factors, corresponding to the singlet, octet, and deeuplet content of 8 8 and 10 8, are shown at the right. The notation uses particle names to identify the coefficients, so that the pattern of relative couplings may be seen at a glance. We illustrate the use of the coefficients below.展开更多
33.1. Introduction This review summarizes the detector technologies employed at accelerator particle physics experiments. Several of these detectors are also used in a non-accelerator context and examples of such appl...33.1. Introduction This review summarizes the detector technologies employed at accelerator particle physics experiments. Several of these detectors are also used in a non-accelerator context and examples of such applications will be provided. The detector techniques which are specific to non-accelerator particle physics experiments are the subject of Chap.展开更多
CHARMED BARYONS Revised March 2012 by C.G. Wohl (LBNL). There are 17 known charmed baryons, and four other candidates not well enough established to be promoted to the Summary Tables.* Fig. l(a) shows the mass sp...CHARMED BARYONS Revised March 2012 by C.G. Wohl (LBNL). There are 17 known charmed baryons, and four other candidates not well enough established to be promoted to the Summary Tables.* Fig. l(a) shows the mass spectrum,展开更多
Revised August 2013 by M.J. Syphers (MSU) and F. Zimmermann (CERN).29.1. Luminosity This article provides background for the High-Energy Collider Parameter Tables that follow. The number of events, Nexp, is the pr...Revised August 2013 by M.J. Syphers (MSU) and F. Zimmermann (CERN).29.1. Luminosity This article provides background for the High-Energy Collider Parameter Tables that follow. The number of events, Nexp, is the product of the cross section of interest,展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471704 and 31271837)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education jointly funded by Ministry of Education(20113515110010)Major projects of industries,university and research in Fujian Province(2013N5003)
文摘Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and sodium alginate were chosen as the research objects, and the hydrogen bond conformation of compound system was studied with the molecular dynamics simulation, which simulated the energy variety in composite process. Combining with Hamiltonian in quantum mechanics calculation, the mechanism of hydrogen bond in KGM and sodium alginate compound system stability was analyzed from a micro angle. The results showed that, the hydrogen bonds occurring between the molecule of KGM and sodium alginate are in large number, and they mainly appeared between the -OH on C(6), C(3) in the mannose residues of KGM and C(2), C(3) of sodium alginate. The formation of hydrogen bonds results in the energy expectation value of the Hamiltonian thermal density matrix of the compound system to be negative, the energy of the system to decrease, and the compounds tending to form stable conformations.
基金Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2020B0301030008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12022512 and 12035007)+3 种基金Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(Grant No.2019050001)supported by the U.S.Department of Energy(Grant No.DE-AC05-06OR23177),under which Jefferson Science Associates,LLC,manages and operates Jefferson Labsupported by the U.S.Department of Energy,Division of High Energy Physics(Grant No.DE-AC02-06CH11357)supported within the framework of the TMD Topical Collaboration。
文摘We propose to use transverse momentum pT distribution of J/ψ production at the future Electron Ion Collider(EIC)to explore the production mechanism of heavy quarkonia in high energy collisions.We apply QCD and QED collinear factorization to the production of a cc pair at high pT,and non-relativistic QCD factorization to the hadronization of the pair to a J/ψ.We evaluate J/ψ pT-distribution at both leading and next-to-leading order in strong coupling,and show that production rates for various color-spin channels of a cc pair in electronhadron collisions are very different from that in hadron-hadron collisions,which provides a strong discriminative power to determine various transition rates for the pair to become a J/ψ.We predict that the J/ψproduced in electron-hadron collisions is likely unpolarized,and the production is an ideal probe for gluon distribution of colliding hadron(or nucleus).We find that the J/ψ production is dominated by the color-octet channel,providing an excellent probe to explore the gluon medium in large nuclei at the EIC.
基金Supported by U.S.Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation, the Skobeltsyn Nuclear Physics Institute and Physics Department at Moscow State UniversityJefferson Science Associates (JSA) operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for the U.S.Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-060R23177
文摘Recent results on nucleon resonance studies in π+π-p electro- production off protons with the CLAS detector are presented. The analysis of CLAS data allowed us to determine all essential contributiag mechanisms, providing a credible separation between resonant and non-resonant parts of the cross sections in a wide kinematical area of invariant masses of the final hadronic system 1.3 〈 W 〈 1.8 GeV and photon virtutualities 0.2 〈 Q2 〈 1.5 GeV2. Electrocouplings of several excited proton states with masses less than 1.8 GeV were obtained for the first time from the analysis of π+π-p exclusive electroproduction channel.
基金supported by the U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Nuclear Physics,under contracts DE-AC05-06OR23177
文摘Recently,we have derived a two–nucleon potential and consistent nuclear electromagnetic currents in chiral effective field theory with pions and nucleons as explicit degrees of freedom.The calculation of the currents has been carried out to include N 3 LO corrections,consisting of two–pion exchange and contact contributions.The latter involve unknown low-energy constants (LECs),some of which have been fixed by fitting the np Sand P-wave phase shifts up to 100 MeV lab energies.The remaining LECs entering the current operator are determined so as to reproduce the experimental deuteron and trinucleon magnetic moments,as well as the np cross section.This electromagnetic current operator is utilized to study the nd and n 3 He radiative captures at thermal neutron energies.Here we discuss our results stressing on the important role played by the LECs in reproducing the experimental data.
文摘I. Introduction The excited states of the nucleon have been studied in a large number of formation and production experiments. The Breit-Wigner masses and widths, the pole positions, and the elasticities of the N and A resonances in the Baryon Summary Table come largely from partial-wave analyses of πN total, elastic, and charge-exchange scattering data. The most comprehensive analyses were carried out by the Karlsruhe-Helsinki (KH80) [1], Carnegie Mellon-Berkeley (CMBS0) [2],
文摘Many measurements of B decays involve admixtures of B hadrons. Previously we arbitrarily included such admixtures in the B±section, but because of their importance we have created two new sections:
基金supported by the Director,Office of Science,Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S.Department of Energy under Contract No.DE-AC02-05CH11231the U.S.National Science Foundation under Agreement No.PHY-0652989+3 种基金the European Laboratory for Particle Physics(CERN)an implementing arrangement between the governments of Japan(MEXT:Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology)and the United States(DOE)on cooperative research and developmentthe Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics(INFN)B.C.F.was supported by the U.S.National Science Foundation Grant PHY-1214082
文摘The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,283 new measurements from 899 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as heavy neutrinos, supersymmetric and technicolor particles, axions, dark photons, etc. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Supersymmetry, Extra Dimensions, Particle Detectors, Probability, and Statistics. Among the 112 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on: Dark Energy, Higgs Boson Physics, Electroweak Model, Neutrino Cross Section Measurements, Monte Carlo Neutrino Generators, Top Quark, Dark Matter, Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Accelerator Physics of Colliders, High-Energy Collider Parameters, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Astrophysical Constants and Cosmological Parameters. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http ://pdg. lbl. gov.
基金supported by the Director,Office of Science,Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S.Department of Energy under Contract No.DE-AC02-05CH11231by the U.S.National Science Foundation under Agreement No.PHY-0652989+2 种基金by the European Laboratory for Particle Physics(CERN)by an implementing arrangement between the governments of Japan(MEXT:Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports, Science and Technology) and the United States(DOE) on cooperative research and developmentby the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics(INFN)
文摘1. Overview The Review of Particle Physics and the abbreviated version, the Particle Physics Booklet, are reviews of the field of Particle Physics. This complete Review includes a compilation/evaluation of data on particle properties, called the "Particle Listings." These Listings include 3,283 new measurements from 899 papers, in addition to the 32,153 measurements from 8,944 papers that first appeared in previous editions [1].
文摘Written by R.L. Kelly (LBNL). The most commonly used SU(3) isoscalar factors, corresponding to the singlet, octet, and deeuplet content of 8 8 and 10 8, are shown at the right. The notation uses particle names to identify the coefficients, so that the pattern of relative couplings may be seen at a glance. We illustrate the use of the coefficients below.
文摘33.1. Introduction This review summarizes the detector technologies employed at accelerator particle physics experiments. Several of these detectors are also used in a non-accelerator context and examples of such applications will be provided. The detector techniques which are specific to non-accelerator particle physics experiments are the subject of Chap.
文摘CHARMED BARYONS Revised March 2012 by C.G. Wohl (LBNL). There are 17 known charmed baryons, and four other candidates not well enough established to be promoted to the Summary Tables.* Fig. l(a) shows the mass spectrum,
文摘Revised August 2013 by M.J. Syphers (MSU) and F. Zimmermann (CERN).29.1. Luminosity This article provides background for the High-Energy Collider Parameter Tables that follow. The number of events, Nexp, is the product of the cross section of interest,
基金supported by PAPIIT(DGAPA-UNAM) project IN106913 and CONACyT(Mexico) project 151234support by the Mainz Institute for Theoretical Physics(MITP) where part of this work was completed.A.F.is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant no. PHY-1212635
文摘Revised November 2013 by J. Erler (U. Mexico) and A. Freit&s (Pittsburgh U.).10.1 Introduction 10.2 Renormalization and radiative corrections