A Preliminary Study on the Training Model of Incoming Labor Forces by Higher Vocational Colleges

Based on the characteristics and employment situation of incoming labors,we should attach great importance to their training.With rich teaching resources,the higher vocational colleges should give full play to their advantages,get involved in the training,and enhance their studies of training models.

An exo Probe-based Reverse Transcription and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification for Rapid Detection of Feline Calicivirus in Cats

Feline calicivirus(FCV)was a highly prevalent RNA virus causing upper respiratory tract infections in cats through the mouth and nose around the world,result in the death of cats especially under 1 year old with upper respiratory tract disease(URTD)and virulent systemic disease(FCV-VSD)[1].Infected cats usually presented with mouth ulcers,salivation and gingivitis-stomatitis.Furthermore,both recovered cats and asymptomatic carriers can still carry and spread the FCV virus for extended periods of time,contributing to the potential for outbreak.This presented a significant threat to the health and lives of cats,and rare wildlife and took a heavy financial loss on the pet industry,making the prevention and control of the virus difficult.Hence,rapid identification of FCV in clinical samples was necessary to prevent the spread of FCV and avoid financial loss.

Insights into genetic diversity and phenotypic variations in domestic geese through comprehensive population and pan-genome analysis

Background Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose(Anser cygnoides)or the Greylag goose(Anser anser),exhibiting variations in body size,reproductive performance,egg production,feather color,and other phenotypic traits.Constructing a pan-genome facilitates a thorough identification of genetic variations,thereby deepening our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diversity and phenotypic variability.Results To comprehensively facilitate population genomic and pan-genomic analyses in geese,we embarked on the task of 659 geese whole genome resequencing data and compiling a database of 155 RNA-seq samples.By constructing the pan-genome for geese,we generated non-reference contigs totaling 612 Mb,unveiling a collection of 2,813 novel genes and pinpointing 15,567 core genes,1,324 softcore genes,2,734 shell genes,and 878 cloud genes in goose genomes.Furthermore,we detected an 81.97 Mb genomic region showing signs of genome selection,encompassing the TGFBR2 gene correlated with variations in body weight among geese.Genome-wide association studies utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and presence-absence variation revealed significant genomic associations with various goose meat quality,reproductive,and body composition traits.For instance,a gene encoding the SVEP1 protein was linked to carcass oblique length,and a distinct gene-CDS haplotype of the SVEP1 gene exhibited an association with carcass oblique length.Notably,the pan-genome analysis revealed enrichment of variable genes in the“hair follicle maturation”Gene Ontology term,potentially linked to the selection of feather-related traits in geese.A gene presence-absence variation analysis suggested a reduced frequency of genes associated with“regulation of heart contraction”in domesticated geese compared to their wild counterparts.Our study provided novel insights into gene expression features and functions by integrating gene expression patterns across multiple organs and tissues in geese and analyzing population variation.Conclusion This accomplishment originates from the discernment of a multitude of selection signals and candidate genes associated with a wide array of traits,thereby markedly enhancing our understanding of the processes underlying domestication and breeding in geese.Moreover,assembling the pan-genome for geese has yielded a comprehensive apprehension of the goose genome,establishing it as an indispensable asset poised to offer innovative viewpoints and make substantial contributions to future geese breeding initiatives.

Investigation on Infection of PCV2 in Taizhou Areas of Jiangsu Province

In order to investigate infection and harm extent of swine porcine circovims 2 （PCV2） in pigs in Taizhou of Jiangsu, and to control the prevalence of PCV2 in Taizhou areas. A total of 116 PCV2 clinical samples came from six different cities （districts） from 2011 to 2012 were tested in etiologic by the method of PCR. The test restdts showed that the total positive rate of PCV2 clinical samples was 53.45%, and PCV2 existed in all the six places. The positive rate of the scale pig farms was 48.33%, the positive rate of free-range farmers was 58.93%. Thus, PCV2 was prevalent in pigs in Taizhou areas, and which should be paid more attention to.

A Serological Survey of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Taizhou City,Jiangsu Province

[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province. [ Method] By using indirect hemagglutination assay kits for detection of antibodies against Mycoplasma capricolum subsp, capripneumoniae （ Mecp）, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capriclonum （Mmc） and Mycopalsam ovipneumonia （ Movi）, 1 157 goat sera from Taizhou City of Jiangsu Province were detected. [ Result ] The average positive detection rate of Mccp and Mmc in infected goats was 51.85% and 39.81%, respectively; the average positive detection rate of Mccp and Mmc in non-infected goats was 10.52% and 5.84%, respectively, and the total positive detection rate of Mycoplasma infections was 16.37%. [ Conclusion ] Mycoplasma infections oc- cur commonly in Taizhou City. The prevention and control of Mycoplasma infections should be strengthened.

Catalpol Prevents Glomerular Angiogenesis Induced by Advanced Glycation End Products via Inhibiting Galectin-3

Objective:The main characteristics of diabetic nephropathy(DN)at the early stage are abnormal angiogenesis of glomerular endothelial cells(GECs)and macrophage infiltration.Galectin-3 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of DN via binding with its ligand,advanced glycation end products(AGEs).Catalpol,an iridoid glucoside extracted from Rehmannia glutinosa,has been found to ameliorate vascular inflammation,reduce endothelial permeability,and protect against endothelial damage in diabetic milieu.However,little is known about whether catalpol could exert an anti-angiogenesis and anti-inflammation effect induced by AGEs.Methods:Mouse GECs(mGECs)and RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with different concentrations of AGEs(0,50,100,200 and 400μg/mL)for different time(0,6,12,24 and 48 h)to determine the optimal concentration of AGEs and treatment time.Cells were treated with catalpol(10μmol/L),GB1107(1μmol/L,galectin-3 inhibitor),PX-478(50μmol/L,HIF-1αinhibitor),adenovirus-green fluorescent protein(Ad-GFP)[3×10^(7)plaque-forming unit(PFU)/mL]or Ad-galectin-3-GFP(2×10^(8)PFU/mL),which was followed by incubation with 50μg/mL AGEs.The levels of galectin-3,vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)and pro-angiogenic factors angiopoietin-1(Ang-1),angiopoietin-2(Ang-2),tunica interna endothelial cell kinase-2(Tie-2)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was used to evaluate the proliferation of these cells.The expression levels of galectin-3,vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1(VEGFR1),VEGFR2,and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)in mGECs and those of galectin-3 and HIF-1αin RAW 264.7 macrophages were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence(IF)staining.The rat DN model was established.Catalpol(100 mg/kg)or GB1107(10 mg/kg)was administered intragastrically once a day for 12 weeks.Ad-galectin-3-GFP(6×10^(7)PFU/mL,0.5 mL)or Ad-GFP(6×10^(6)PFU/mL,0.5 mL)was injected into the tail vein of rats 48 h before the sacrifice of the animals.The expression of galectin-3,VEGFR1,.VEGFR2,and HIF-1αin renal cortices was analyzed by Western blotting.The expression of galectin-3,F4/80(a macrophage biomarker),and CD34(an endothelium biomarker)in renal cortices was detected by IF staining,and collagen accumulation by Masson staining.Results:The expression levels of galectin-3 and VEGFA were significantly higher in mGECs and RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with 50μg/mL AGEs for 48 h than those in untreated cells.Catalpol and GB1107 could block the AGEs-induced proliferation of mGECs and RAW 264.7 macrophages.Over-expression of galectin-3 was found to reduce the inhibitory effect of catalpol on the proliferation of cells.Catalpol could significantly decrease the levels of Ang-1,Ang-2 and Tie-2 released by AGEs-treated mGECs,which could be reversed by over-expression of galectin-3.Catalpol could significantly inhibit AGEs-induced expression of galectin-3,HIF-1α,VEGFR1,and VEGFR2 in mGECs.The inhibitory effect of catalpol on galectin-3 in AGEs-treated mGECs was impaired by PX-478.Moreover,catalpol attenuated the AGEs-activated HIF-1α/galectin-3 pathway in RAW 264.7 macrophages,which was weakened by PX-478.Additionally,catalpol significantly inhibited the expression of galectin-3,macrophage infiltration,collagen accumulation,and angiogenesis in the kidney of diabetic rats.Over-expression of galectin-3 could antagonize these inhibitory effects of catalpol.Conclusion:Catalpol prevented the angiogenesis of mGECs and macrophage proliferation via inhibiting galectin-3.It could prevent the progression of diabetes-induced renal damage.

Diagnosis and Treatment of a Case of Femoral Neck Fracture in Cat

Simple femoral neck fractures in dogs and cats are rare in clinic. The cause of the fracture is that the pelvis or femur is directly or indirectly subjected to external force,and it often occurs secondarily to osteoporosis caused by dysplasia of the hip joint. This paper described the diagnosis and treatment of a blue cat with femora neck fracture.

Analysis of Externality of Rural Labor Force Flow in Central and Western Regions of China and Benefit Compensation

According to the theories of institutional economics and development economics,the positive and negative externality of rural labor force flowing from central and western regions and into eastern regions of China were analyzed,and then it was proposed that it is necessary to positive externality,rather than take"household register"measures to solve the problem simply.

Determination of AF and AFG in Red Ginseng by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (HPLC-ELSD)

[Objective]The paper was to establish a method for determining AF and AFG in red ginseng.[Method]A new simple,rapid and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of two amadori compounds,arginyl-fructose(AF)and arginyl-fructosyl-glucose(AFG),in extracts of three kinds of ginseng preparations was developed and validated using high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detector(HPLC-ELSD).Two target analytes were efficiently separated by Prevail CTM18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min within 15 min of single chromatographic run.[Result]Under optimized conditions,the detection limits were 0.015 and 0.02 mg/mL for AF and AFG,respectively.Calibration curves of peak area for two analytes were linear over three orders of magnitude with the correlation coefficients greater than 0.999.The average recoveries,precision,reproducibility and stability for two analytes(AF and AFG)were 99.5% and 100.9%,0.43% and 0.47%,0.46% and 0.43%,0.41% and 0.49%,respectively.[Conclusion]This method was successfully applied for quantifying AF and AFG in red ginseng and the method was efficient,sensitive and accurate.

Antitumor Activities and Apoptosis-regulated Mechanisms of Fermented Barley Extract in the Transplantation Tumor Model of Human HT-29 Cells in Nude Mice

Objective A subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of human HT-29 cells was established in nude mice to study the anticarcinogenic activities and apoptosis-regulatory mechanistic effect of aqueous extract of fermented barley with Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 （LFBE）. Methods HT-29 cells were transplanted via subcutaneous injection of 1 × 107cells into the right flank of each nude mouse. Then, nude mice were treated for 30 days with LFBE （high-dose 2 g·kg-1·d-1; low-dose 1 g·kg-1·d-1） and for 7 days with 5-fluorouracil （5-FU, 25 g·kg-1·d-1） by gavage and intraperitoneal injection, respectively. Results Tumor volume and weight decreased significantly in both groups of nude mice treated with LFBE. In addition, the cell apoptosis rate of the LFBE group was significantly higher than that of the control group and 5-FU groups as measured by the TUNEL assay. Moreover, the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot methods further confirmed these apoptosis-enhancing and growth-inhibiting effects. The involvement of LFBE in inducing apoptosis was confirmed by the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and cyclin D1. Conclusion The results showed that LFBE could induce subcutaneous transplantation tumor apoptosis in nude mice and could be used as a natural nutrient supplement or chemopreventive agent in the treatment of human colon cancer.

Comparisons of Methods for Pregnancy Diagnosis in Female Poodles

In this study, five 2 -4 years old healthy female poodles were selected and mated after spontaneous estrus for pregnancy diagnosis with external observa- tion, human chorionic gonadotropin colloidal gold rapid test strips （human early pregnancy test strips）, ultrasonic diagnosis and blood routine examination. Accord- ing to the results, female dogs showed abdominal circumference increment and mammogenesis from a month post-mating to parturition and lactated before parturi- tion. At 5, 6, 7, 15, 25 and 35 d post-mating, pregnancy diagnosis with human chorionic gonadotropin colloidal gold rapid test strips showed negative results. Hu- man early pregnancy test strips can not be used for pregnancy diagnosis in female dogs. Currently, ultrasonic method is the most accurate method to diagnose preg- nancy in female dogs, and the optimal diagnosis time is the 30th d post-mating. External observation and blood routine examination can be used as auxiliary methods to diagnose pregnancy in female dogs.

Effect of N-Carbamylglutamate(NCG) on Growth Performance of ICR Mice

To understand the effects of self synthesized N-carbamylglutamate（NCG） on growth performance of ICR mice,mice were fed with the basal diet adding with 0.025%,0.05% and 0.1% NCG for 28 d.Effects of different levels of NCG on body weight of mice were observed.The re-sults showed that the addition of NCG in the feed could improve the growth performance of mice,and the growth-promoting effect enhanced with the increasing dose.

Isolation and Identification of a Porcine Pseudorabies Virus Strain in Taizhou City

In this study, the liver, kidney and spleen tissues were collected from pigs with suspected PR in a pig farm in Jiangyan District, Taizhou City for virus isolation and identification. The isolated virus was inoculated onto PK15 monolayer cells. The virus culture was collected to extract genomic DNA for PCR assay and indirect immunoinfluscent assay. The results showed that the isolated virus was porcine pseudorabies virus, which was named TAIZ130417. The growth titer of the isolated virus reached 10 8.12 TCID 50 /ml on PK15 cells. Rabbits inoculated with the isolated virus soon exhibited pseudorabies symptoms such as itching and eventually died. The results provided reference for in-depth research and scientific prevention and control of pseudorabies.

In-vivo Mutagenicity of Protein-modified Enterococcus faecalis

The mutagenicity of the protein-modified Enterococcus faecalis was evaluated by a mouse bone marrow micronucleus test and a mouse sperm abnormality test.The test substance was designed with three dose groups (1,2 and 5 g/kg·bw) and intragastrically administrated,with cyclophosphamide as a positive control and normal saline as a normal control.The micronucleus rate and sperm abnormality rate were measured.The results showed that the micronucleus rates and sperm abnormality rates in the different dose groups were not significantly different from those in normal control group ( P >0.05),while the positive control group was significantly higher than the normal control group ( P <0.01).The conclusion is that the protein-modified E.faecalis was tested to be negative in both the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test and mouse sperm abnormality test,suggesting that it has no mutagenicity in vivo.

Diagnosis and Treatment of a Case of Radius and Ulna Fracture in Dog

60% of a dog's body weight is supported by its fore limbs, while the hind limbs mainly play the role of power, so the probability of dog's radius and ulna fracture is greatly increased. This paper mainly introduced the diagnosis and treatment of a case of radius and ulna fracture in dog, with an attempt to provide reference for clinical practice.

Diagnosis and Treatment of a Case of Femoral Fracture in Dog

Femoral fracture of dogs is common in daily life. This paper introduced the diagnosis and treatment of a case of femoral fracture in dog, providing reference for clinical practice.

Effects of Green Forage on Production Performance and Egg Quality of Suyou No.1 Laying Duck

[ Objective ] The paper was to study the effects of green forage on production performance and egg quality of laying ducks. [ Method] According to one- factor randomized complete experimental design, 200 healthy Suyou No. 1 laying ducks aged 200 days were randomly divided into five groups, four repeats each group, and each repeat contained 10 laying ducks. Parts of formulated feed in groups I - IV were replaced with different types and quantities of green forage, and group V was set as control. The trim lasted for 42 d. [ Result] Replacing parts of formulated feed with green forage could improve the production performance of laying ducks （P 〉 0.05 ）, and the economic benefits also increased. For egg quality, Haugh unit was improved （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; yolk color increased significantly ; compared to control group, yolk color was significantly increased in groups with 100 g chicory and 70 g clover （P 〈0.05 ）, and was extremely increased in the group with 100 g clover （P 〈0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] The group with 100 g chicory had the best effect on production performance of laying ducks, and the group with 100 g clover had the best coloring effect on yolk.

Incubation Effect on Eggs of Tibetan Chicken under Low Altitude Condition

[ Objective] In order to study incubation conditions of Tibetan chickens in low altitude areas. [ Method] Eggs of Tibetan chicken were transported to low altitude areas in highland areas for artificial hatching. [ Results] The results showed that the average hatching rate of fertilized eggs was 85.33% ; the average healthy chick rate was 91.77 % ; the average primary body mass was 31.2l g. Hatching rate of eggs in group 2 was the highest, which reached 90.52%, the aver- age egg mass was 43.25 g and the average egg shape index was 1.32. Hatching rate of eggs in group 2 was 13.11% and 2.47% higher than that in group 1 and group 3 respectively, which was 5.19% higher than the average value. Hatching rate and healthy chick rate of eggs in group 2 also showed the same trend. [ Conclusion] High hatching effect could be obtained under the better hatching condition in low altitude areas in highland areas.

Ames Test of Protein-modified Enterococcus faecalis

The potential mutagenicity of protein-modified Enterococcus faecalis was evaluated by the Ames test. The test subject was designed with 0. 05,0. 5,5. 0,and 50. 0 mg/dish doses,and a control group was set. With Salmonella typhimurium mutant strains TA97,TA98,TA100 and TA102 as test strains,the Ames test was carried out with( +) or without(-) S9,and the number of revertant colonies was counted. The results showed that for the protein-modified E. faecalis in the case of + S9 and-S9,the average numbers of revertant colonies of the four test strains were less than two times of that of the negative control group,and no dose-response relationship was observed. The protein-modified E. faecalis was tested to be negative in the Ames test,indicating that the test substance was not mutagenic in vitro.

Rescue of Alcoholism in Dogs

Under certain specific or unexpected circumstances, pet dogs ingested foods or drinks containing alcohol, and excessive alcohol would cause urinary incontinence or toxic syncope. Taking a case of canine alcoholism as an example, this paper expounds the diagnosis and treatment process of the disease, in order to provide references for veterinary workers.