Distributed Transmit Beamforming for UAV to Base Communications

Distributed transmit beamforming(DTB) is very efficient for extending the communication distance between a swarm of UAVs and the base,particularly when considering the constraints in weight and battery life for payloads on UAVs.In this paper,we review major function modules and potential solutions in realizing DTB in UAV systems,such as timing and carrier synchronization,phase drift tracking and compensation,and beamforming vector generation and updating.We then focus on beamforming vector generation and updating,and introduce a concatenated training scheme,together with a recursive channel estimation and updating algorithm.We also propose three approaches for tracking the variation of channels and updating the vectors.The effectiveness of these approaches is validated by simulation results.

Energy efficiency optimization for HCNs based on small base station transmission power allocation

In the research of green communication,considering the base station(BS)power allocation from the perspective of energy efficiency(EE)is meaningful for heterogeneous cellular networks(HCNs)optimization.The EE of two-tier HCNs was analyzed and a new method for the network EE optimization was proposed by adjusting the small BS transmitting power.First,the HCNs ware modeled by homogeneous Poisson point processes(PPPs),and the coverage probability of BSs in each tier was derived.Second,according to the definition of EE,and the closed-form of EE was given by deriving the total power consumption and total throughput of HCNs respectively.At last,the analytical performance of the EE of HCNs on the small BS transmission power was analyzed,and a small BS power optimization algorithm was proposed to maximize the EE.Simulation results show that,the transmission power of small BS has a significant impact on the EE of HCNs.Furthermore,by optimizing the transmission power of small BS,the EE of HCNs can be improved effectively.