Splenic arteriogastric fistula is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage, only reported a handful of times in the literature. Herein, we present a case of a 49-year-old woman with metastatic adrenocort...Splenic arteriogastric fistula is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage, only reported a handful of times in the literature. Herein, we present a case of a 49-year-old woman with metastatic adrenocortical carcincoma who developed a fistula between the splenic artery and gastric lumen as a result of local invasion of her primary tumor. This fistula led to several episodes of massive upper GI bleeding. Selective splenic artery embolization was successful in ceasing the GI bleed;however, the intervention was not timely enough for the patient to survive the hemorrhage. We outline several clinical and imaging findings to assist physicians with earlier detection of splenic arteriogastric fistulas, and advocate prophylactic selective splenic artery embolization when this rare but highly fatal entity is discovered.展开更多
Research on industrial policy has taken off,leading to a better understanding of when such policies effectively harness economic development.This article reviews the recent literature on the economics of industrial po...Research on industrial policy has taken off,leading to a better understanding of when such policies effectively harness economic development.This article reviews the recent literature on the economics of industrial policies.Until recently,empirical studies on industrial policies came largely in one of two types:detailed country/region studies and cross-industry or cross-country econometric studies.I point out that the country/region studies had the usual problem that it was difficult to trace the effects of success to specific industrial policies,while the econometric studies suffered from the problem of misspecification.I show that a new generation of work has been moving us beyond the largely ideological debates of the past to a more contextual,pragmatic understanding.展开更多
Many claim that China will soon overtake the US. I argue that this claim is based on a misuse of statistics. The International Comparison Program （ICP） price data is necessary to compare living standards, since a do...Many claim that China will soon overtake the US. I argue that this claim is based on a misuse of statistics. The International Comparison Program （ICP） price data is necessary to compare living standards, since a dollar＇s worth of yuan buys more in China than a dollar buys in the US. But the fact that rice and clothes are cheap in rural China does not make the Chinese economy larger. What matters for size in the world economy is how much a yuan can buy on world markets. Using the correct prices, the US remains the world＇s largest economic power by a substantial margin.展开更多
文摘Splenic arteriogastric fistula is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage, only reported a handful of times in the literature. Herein, we present a case of a 49-year-old woman with metastatic adrenocortical carcincoma who developed a fistula between the splenic artery and gastric lumen as a result of local invasion of her primary tumor. This fistula led to several episodes of massive upper GI bleeding. Selective splenic artery embolization was successful in ceasing the GI bleed;however, the intervention was not timely enough for the patient to survive the hemorrhage. We outline several clinical and imaging findings to assist physicians with earlier detection of splenic arteriogastric fistulas, and advocate prophylactic selective splenic artery embolization when this rare but highly fatal entity is discovered.
文摘Research on industrial policy has taken off,leading to a better understanding of when such policies effectively harness economic development.This article reviews the recent literature on the economics of industrial policies.Until recently,empirical studies on industrial policies came largely in one of two types:detailed country/region studies and cross-industry or cross-country econometric studies.I point out that the country/region studies had the usual problem that it was difficult to trace the effects of success to specific industrial policies,while the econometric studies suffered from the problem of misspecification.I show that a new generation of work has been moving us beyond the largely ideological debates of the past to a more contextual,pragmatic understanding.
文摘Many claim that China will soon overtake the US. I argue that this claim is based on a misuse of statistics. The International Comparison Program （ICP） price data is necessary to compare living standards, since a dollar＇s worth of yuan buys more in China than a dollar buys in the US. But the fact that rice and clothes are cheap in rural China does not make the Chinese economy larger. What matters for size in the world economy is how much a yuan can buy on world markets. Using the correct prices, the US remains the world＇s largest economic power by a substantial margin.
