Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Past, present, and future directions

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)is a rare biliary tract cancer with high mortality rate.Complete resection of the iCCA lesion is the first choice of treatment,with good prognosis after margin-negative resection.Unfortunately,only 12%-40% of patients are eligible for resection at presentation due to cirrhosis,portal hypertension,or large tumor size.Liver transplantation(LT)offers margin-negative iCCA extirpation for patients with unresectable tumors.Initially,iCCA was a contraindication for LT until size-based selection criteria were introduced to identify patients with satisfied post-LT outcomes.Recent studies have shown that tumor biology-based selection can yield high post-LT survival in patients with locally advanced iCCA.Another selection criterion is the tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy.Patients with response to neoadjuvant therapy have better outcomes after LT compared with those without tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy.Another index that helps predict the treatment outcome is the biomarker.Improved survival outcomes have also opened the door for living donor LT for iCCA.Patients undergoing LT for iCCA now have statistically similar survival rates as patients undergoing resection.The combination of surgery and locoregional and systemic therapies improves the prognosis of iCCA patients.

Do changes in intracoronary pressure aid coronary spasm diagnosis using the spasm provocation test?

BACKGROUND Although the spasm provocation test(SPT)can diagnose coronary spasms,it would be helpful if it could also predict their occurrence.AIM To investigate whether coronary spasms can be predicted using changes in intracoronary artery pressure measured using a pressure wire during the SPT.METHODS Seventy patients underwent SPTs with pressure-wire measurement of intracoronary artery pressure.During each SPT,the pressure wire was advanced into the distal portion of the right coronary artery(RCA)and left anterior descending coronary artery,and the ratio of intracoronary pressure to aortic pressure(Pd/Pa)was monitored.Coronary spasm was defined as an arterial narrowing of>90%in response to the administration of acetylcholine(ACh),with chest symptoms and/or ischemic electrocardiographic changes.ACh was administered to the RCA at low,moderate,or high doses of 20,50,or 80μg,respectively,and to the left coronary artery(LCA)at low,moderate,or high doses of 50,100,or 200μg,respectively.Coronary arteries with coronary spasms at low doses of ACh were defined as group L,and those with coronary spasms at moderate or high doses were defined as group MH.Those who did not occur coronary spasms at any ACh dose were designated as group N.RESULTS Among the 132 coronary arteries assessed using a pressure wire,there were 49 in group N,25 in group L,and 58 in group MH.Baseline Pd/Pa was the lowest in group L(P=0.001).The decrease in the Pd/Pa between baseline to low doses of ACh was lower in group MH than in group N(P<0.001).A receiver-operating characteristics analysis showed that the cutoff baseline Pd/Pa value for predicting group L was 0.95,with a sensitivity of 0.600(15/25)and a specificity of 0.713(76/107)and that the cutoff value of Pd/Pa from baseline to low doses of ACh for predicting group MH was−0.04,with a sensitivity of 0.741(43/58)and a specificity of 0.694(34/49).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that indices of intracoronary pressure during SPT may be useful means for predicting the occurrence of coronary spasms.

JR东日本公司的新干线综合运输管理系统(COSMOS)

介绍了JR东日本旅客公司开发的新干线综合运输管理系统(COSMOS)的各种功能。该系统包括运输计划、运行管理、车站作业管理、维修作业管理、车辆管理、设备管理、信息集中管理和电力系统控制等子系统。

羽毛球颠球练习对小学生视力的即时干预效果研究

目的:为探讨羽毛球颠球练习对小学生视力的即时效果,找到一套方便实施的小学生预防近视的运动方法。方法:采用随机对照试验,将54名小学生随机分为羽毛球颠球练习组、羽毛球对打组和跳绳组,分别进行40分钟的练习,观察三组受试者运动前后视力变化。结果:羽毛球颠球组和羽毛球对打组的视力前后比较,双眼视力改善均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),跳绳组干预前后,双眼视力无显著性变化。再对颠球组进行皮尔逊相关性分析,年龄越小,颠球后的视力改善越明显(r=-0.389,P<0.05)。结论:颠球具有较好的即时改善视力效果,且年龄越小,改善效果越好。

Does the intracoronary pressure differ according to two types(diffuse or focal)of coronary spasm?

BACKGROUND Several reports show that two types of coronary vasospasm(diffuse and focal spasm)are associated with the severity or prognosis of coronary spasm in patients with vasospastic angina(VSA).It is unclear whether intracoronary pressure differs between the two spasm types.AIM To investigate such relationships using a pressure wire during the spasm provocation test(SPT)in patients with VSA.METHODS Eighty-seven patients with VSA(average age:67 years;50 men,37 women)underwent SPT.During the SPT,a pressure wire was advanced into the distal portion of the right coronary artery and left anterior descending coronary artery,and the ratio of the intracoronary pressure to the aortic pressure(Pd/Pa)was continuously monitored.An SPT was performed using acetylcholine(ACh),and the presence of coronary spasm was defined as the presence of>90%arterial narrowing in response to an ACh infusion,with the usual chest symptoms and/or ischemic ECG changes.Focal spasm was defined as total or subtotal spasm within one segment of the AHA classification,while diffuse spasm was defined as>90%spasm with two or more segments.RESULTS Among 87 patients,the frequencies of metabolic syndrome and having coronary atherosclerosis were higher in the focal group(n=33)than in the diffuse spasm group(n=54,P<0.05).In the vessel analyses,in these 134 spastic segments,diffuse and focal spasms were detected in 100 and 34 vessels,respectively.The Pd/Pa at baseline was similar in both groups(diffuse:0.96±0.05,focal:0.95±0.05,P=0.35);however,the Pd/Pa during coronary spasm was lower in focal spastic vessels(0.66±0.20)than in diffuse spastic vessels(0.76±0.11,P<0.01),and the reduction in Pd/Pa during an SPT was also lower in focal spastic vessels(-0.29±0.20)than in diffuse spastic vessels(-0.18±0.11,P<0.01).The presence of focal spasm was a significant factor responsible for reduction in Pd/Pa during SPT.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that focal spasm may be more severe than diffuse spasm,judging from the intracoronary pressure during coronary spasm.

Comparison of success rate and intraocular pressure spikes between selective laser trabeculoplasty and micropulse laser trabeculoplasty in African American and Hispanic patients

AIM:To examine the efficacy and safety of micropulse laser trabeculoplasty(MLT)versus selective laser trabeculoplasty(SLT)in a large cohort of primarily African American and Hispanic patients.METHODS:A single center retrospective comparative cohort review conducted at Cook County Health facilities that included patients with a diagnosis of open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who received an SLT or MLT procedure between January 2017 and May 2021.RESULTS:Totally 131 eyes of 99 patients were analyzed.The 77 eyes received SLT and 54 received MLT.Seven out of 77 eyes in the SLT group(9.1%)and 1 out of 54 eyes in the MLT group(1.9%)had an IOP spike(defined as>5 mm Hg)at either 1h or 1wk after procedure(P=0.05,Chisquared test with Haldane-Anscombe correction).The procedure failure rate at one year was 50%for SLT and 48%for MLT(P=0.31).CONCLUSION:MLT has a significantly lower incidence of pressure spikes and a similar treatment failure rate at 1-year post-procedure,demonstrating that it is a reasonable alternative compared to SLT.

Outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and new onset heart blocks: Insight from the National Inpatient Sample database

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has resulted in a worldwide health crisis since it first appeared.Numerous studies demonstrated the virus’s predilection to cardiomyocytes;however,the effects that COVID-19 has on the cardiac conduc-tion system still need to be fully understood.AIM To analyze the impact that COVID-19 has on the odds of major cardiovascular complications in patients with new onset heart blocks or bundle branch blocks(BBB).METHODS The 2020 National Inpatient Sample(NIS)database was used to identify patients admitted for COVID-19 pneumonia with and without high-degree atrioven-tricular blocks(HDAVB)and right or left BBB utilizing ICD-10 codes.The patients with pre-existing pacemakers,suggestive of a prior diagnosis of HDAVB or BBB,were excluded from the study.The primary outcome was inpatient mortality.Secondary outcomes included total hospital charges(THC),the length of hospital stay(LOS),and other major cardiac outcomes detailed in the Results section.Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to adjust for confounders with Stata version 17.RESULTS A total of 1058815 COVID-19 hospitalizations were identified within the 2020 NIS database,of which 3210(0.4%)and 17365(1.6%)patients were newly diagnosed with HDAVB and BBB,respectively.We observed a significantly higher odds of in-hospital mortality,cardiac arrest,cardiogenic shock,sepsis,arrythmias,and acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 and HDAVB group.There was no statistically significant difference in the odds of cerebral infarction or pulmonary embolism.Encounters with COVID-19 pneumonia and newly diagnosed BBB had a higher odds of arrythmias,acute kidney injury,sepsis,need for mechanical ventilation,and cardiogenic shock than those without BBB.However,unlike HDAVB,COVID-19 pneumonia and BBB had no significant impact on mortality compared to patients without BBB.CONCLUSION In conclusion,there is a significantly higher odds of inpatient mortality,cardiac arrest,cardiogenic shock,sepsis,acute kidney injury,supraventricular tachycardia,ventricular tachycardia,THC,and LOS in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and HDAVB as compared to patients without HDAVB.Likewise,patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in the BBB group similarly have a higher odds of supraventricular tachycardia,atrial fibrillation,atrial flutter,ventricular tachycardia,acute kidney injury,sepsis,need for mechanical ventilation,and cardiogenic shock as compared to those without BBB.Therefore,it is essential for healthcare providers to be aware of the possible worse predicted outcomes that patients with new-onset HDAVB or BBB may experience following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Vasospastic angina in women: Clinical backgrounds and prognoses of patients younger than and older than 60 years

BACKGROUND We frequently encounter cases of women with vasospastic angina(VSA).Additionally,some women with VSA are younger than 60 years old.However,it is unknown whether the characteristics of VSA in women aged<60 years are different from those in women aged≥60 years.AIM To investigate and compare the clinical characteristics and prognosis of VSA in women aged<60 years from those in women aged≥60 years.METHODS We enrolled 94 women with VSA who were diagnosed using the spasm provocation test.According to the age at diagnosis,the patients were divided into two groups:Group Y(age<60 years,n=17)and Group O(age≥60 years,n=77).Flow-mediated dilation(FMD)and nitroglycerin(NTG)-induced dilation(NID)of the brachial artery were performed and assessed using brachial ultrasonography.Moreover,conventional coronary risk factors,such as atherosclerotic lesions(stenosis>20%)detected using coronary angiography and focal spasms(coronary spasm within one segment of one coronary artery),and major cardiovascular adverse events(MACE)were assessed in both groups.RESULTS Smoking was more prevalent in Group Y than in Group O(P=0.04).FMD was similar in both groups(Group O:4.3%±3.2%,Group Y:4.5%±3.3%;P=0.75),whereas NID was higher in Group Y(20.5%±8.6%)than in Group O(13.6%±5.3%,P<0.01).Atherosclerosis was not detected in Group Y but was detected in Group O(61%,P<0.01).Focal spasms were less frequent in Group Y(12%)than in Group O(38%,P=0.04).The incidence of major adverse cardiac events did not differ between the two groups(P=0.40).CONCLUSIONWomen aged < 60 years with VSA have less atherosclerotic lesions and focal spasms. These characteristicsmay be affected by smoking habits and vascular smooth muscle dysfunction.

Spatial transcriptomic interrogation of the murine bone marrow signaling landscape

Self-renewal and differentiation of skeletal stem and progenitor cells(SSPCs)are tightly regulated processes,with SSPC dysregulation leading to progressive bone disease.While the application of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNAseq)to the bone field has led to major advancements in our understanding of SSPC heterogeneity,stem cells are tightly regulated by their neighboring cells which comprise the bone marrow niche.However,unbiased interrogation of these cells at the transcriptional level within their native niche environment has been challenging.Here,we combined spatial transcriptomics and scRNAseq using a predictive modeling pipeline derived from multiple deconvolution packages in adult mouse femurs to provide an endogenous,in vivo context of SSPCs within the niche.This combined approach localized SSPC subtypes to specific regions of the bone and identified cellular components and signaling networks utilized within the niche.Furthermore,the use of spatial transcriptomics allowed us to identify spatially restricted activation of metabolic and major morphogenetic signaling gradients derived from the vasculature and bone surfaces that establish microdomains within the marrow cavity.Overall,we demonstrate,for the first time,the feasibility of applying spatial transcriptomics to fully mineralized tissue and present a combined spatial and single-cell transcriptomic approach to define the cellular components of the stem cell niche,identify cell-cell communication,and ultimately gain a comprehensive understanding of local and global SSPC regulatory networks within calcified tissue.

Development and Evaluation of Intersection-Based Turning Movement Counts Framework Using Two Channel LiDAR Sensors

This paper presents vehicle localization and tracking methodology to utilize two-channel LiDAR data for turning movement counts. The proposed methodology uniquely integrates a K-means clustering technique, an inverse sensor model, and a Kalman filter to obtain the final trajectories of an individual vehicle. The objective of applying K-means clustering is to robustly differentiate LiDAR data generated by pedestrians and multiple vehicles to identify their presence in the LiDAR’s field of view (FOV). To localize the detected vehicle, an inverse sensor model was used to calculate the accurate location of the vehicles in the LiDAR’s FOV with a known LiDAR position. A constant velocity model based Kalman filter is defined to utilize the localized vehicle information to construct its trajectory by combining LiDAR data from the consecutive scanning cycles. To test the accuracy of the proposed methodology, the turning movement data was collected from busy intersections located in Newark, NJ. The results show that the proposed method can effectively develop the trajectories of the turning vehicles at the intersections and has an average accuracy of 83.8%. Obtained R-squared value for localizing the vehicles ranges from 0.87 to 0.89. To measure the accuracy of the proposed method, it is compared with previously developed methods that focused on the application of multiple-channel LiDARs. The comparison shows that the proposed methodology utilizes two-channel LiDAR data effectively which has a low resolution of data cluster and can achieve acceptable accuracy compared to multiple-channel LiDARs and therefore can be used as a cost-effective measure for large-scale data collection of smart cities.

Avian malaria,haematocrit,and body condition in invasive wetland passerines settled in southwestern Spain

Avian malaria and related haemosporidian parasites can negatively impact fitness in many songbirds.Research on the malaria infection and its physiological costs on their avian hosts is heavily skewed toward native passerines,with exotic species underrepresented.However,introduced species may carry on and spread new pathogens to native species,and play a role on parasite transmission cycle in invaded bird communities as pathogen reservoir.Here,we molecularly assess the prevalence and diversity of haemosporidian parasites in three introduced wetland passerines(the Red Avadavat Amandava amandava,the Yellow-crowned Bishop Euplectes afer,and the Common Waxbill Estrilda astrild)captured during the same season in southwestern Spain.We also explored the relation between parasite infection,body condition,haematocrit,and uropygial gland volume.We detected an overall parasite prevalence of 3.55%,where Common Waxbills showed higher prevalence(6.94%)than Red Avadavats(1.51%).None Yellow-crowned Bishops were infected with haemosporidians.Almost 60%of infections were caused by Leucocytozoon,and about 40%by Plasmodium.We identified four unique lineages of Plasmodium and three of Leucocytozoon.Moreover,91%of the identified host-parasite interactions represented new host records for these haemosporidian parasites.Parasite infection was not related to body condition,haematocrit,and uropygial gland volume of the wetland passerines.Haematocrit values varied seasonally among bird species.Additionally,haematocrit was positively related to body condition in the Yellow-crowned Bishops,but not in the other species.Red Avadavats had higher haematocrit levels than Yellow-crowned Bishops,whereas Common Waxbills showed the lower haematocrit values.The uropygial gland volume was positively correlated with body condition in all bird species.Common Waxbills showed higher uropygial gland volumes related to their body size than birds from other two species.These outcomes highlight the importance of exotic invasive species in the transmission dynamics of haemosporidian parasites.

Readmission rates and outcomes in adults with and without COVID-19 following inpatient chemotherapy admission:A nationwide analysis

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has received considerable attention in the scientific community due to its impact on healthcare systems and various diseases.However,little focus has been given to its effect on cancer treatment.AIM To determine the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on cancer patients’care.METHODS A retrospective review of a Nationwide Readmission Database(NRD)was conducted to analyze hospitalization patterns of patients receiving inpatient chemotherapy(IPCT)during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.Two cohorts were defined based on readmission within 30 d and 90 d.Demographic information,readmission rates,hospital-specific variables,length of hospital stay(LOS),and treatment costs were analyzed.Comorbidities were assessed using the Elixhauser comorbidity index.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of readmission.Statistical analysis was conducted using Stata■Version 16 software.As the NRD data is anonymous and cannot be used to identify patients,institutional review board approval was not required for this study.RESULTS A total of 87755 hospitalizations for IPCT were identified during the pandemic.Among the 30-day index admission cohort,55005 patients were included,with 32903 readmissions observed,resulting in a readmission rate of 59.8%.For the 90-day index admission cohort,33142 patients were included,with 24503 readmissions observed,leading to a readmission rate of 73.93%.The most common causes of readmission included encounters with chemotherapy(66.7%),neutropenia(4.36%),and sepsis(3.3%).Comorbidities were significantly higher among readmitted hospitalizations compared to index hospitalizations in both readmission cohorts.The total cost of readmission for both cohorts amounted to 1193000000.00 dollars.Major predictors of 30-day readmission included peripheral vascular disorders[Hazard ratio(HR)=1.09,P<0.05],paralysis(HR=1.26,P<0.001),and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome(HR=1.14,P=0.03).Predictors of 90-day readmission included lymphoma(HR=1.14,P<0.01),paralysis(HR=1.21,P=0.02),and peripheral vascular disorders(HR=1.15,P<0.01).CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the management of patients undergoing IPCT.These findings highlight the urgent need for a more strategic approach to the care of patients receiving IPCT during pandemics.

Engineered Cleistogamy in Camelina sativa for bioconfinement

Camelina sativa is a self-pollinating and facultative outcrossing oilseed crop.Genetic engineering has been used to improve camelina yield potential for altered fatty acid composition,modified protein profiles,improved seed and oil yield,and enhanced drought resistance.The deployment of transgenic camelina in the field posits high risks related to the introgression of transgenes into nontransgenic camelina and wild relatives.Thus,effective bioconfinement strategies need to be developed to prevent pollen-mediated gene f low(PMGF)from transgenic camelina.In the present study,we overexpressed the cleistogamy(i.e.f loral petal non-openness)-inducing PpJAZ1 gene from peach in transgenic camelina.Transgenic camelina overexpressing PpJAZ1 showed three levels of cleistogamy,affected pollen germination rates after anthesis but not during anthesis,and caused a minor silicle abortion only on the main branches.We also conducted field trials to examine the effects of the overexpressed PpJAZ1 on PMGF in the field,and found that the overexpressed PpJAZ1 dramatically inhibited PMGF from transgenic camelina to non-transgenic camelina under the field conditions.Thus,the engineered cleistogamy using the overexpressed PpJAZ1 is a highly effective bioconfinement strategy to limit PMGF from transgenic camelina,and could be used for bioconfinement in other dicot species.

一氧化氮在亚细胞结构精确照射诱导旁效应中的作用

研究了肿瘤细胞的亚结构在荷能离子照射下所诱导的旁效应及其信号分子。以氦离子微束装置所产生的精确数量离子定位照射神经胶质瘤细胞T98G细胞核或细胞质,检测细胞染色体损伤和胞内一氧化氮(Nitric Oxide,NO)自由基的产额,探索NO清除剂对它们的影响,并以(Diethylamine nitric oxide,DEANO)研究NO的细胞效应。结果表明,无论是细胞核照射还是细胞质照射,只要1个细胞受到1个离子的照射,就可通过损伤的级联放大形成辐射旁效应,引起周围数十个细胞的损伤。对比核、质照射的生物效应,细胞核照射比细胞质照射具有更加显著的直接作用,但这两种照射所诱导的旁效应程度却相当。而NO自由基清除剂c-PTIO(2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide)可抑制旁效应的产生。NO分子探针DAF-FM(4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate)原位检测表明,即使只有1%的细胞核或细胞质受到单离子照射,具有NO阴性表达的细胞百分数增加了30%,使NO引起的细胞荧光密度增加15%。DEANO实验表明,NO可引起细胞微核的产生。因此,NO是亚细胞结构照射引起旁效应的一个重要信号因子。

腋淋巴结阳性乳腺浸润性导管癌差异蛋白的质谱分析

目的筛选可能用于判断乳腺浸润性导管癌发生腋淋巴结转移的血清蛋白标志物。方法收集2015年3月—2016年5月天津市宝坻区人民医院收治的乳腺浸润性导管癌患者血清样本24份,按照是否发生腋淋巴结转移分为两组,每组各12份。将每组的12份血清等量混合,利用双向凝胶电泳(2D-PAGE)和基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)技术鉴定差异蛋白质,对2D-PAGE图谱与MALDI-TOF-MS质谱进行分析。结果 2D-PAGE图谱分析筛选出差异蛋白点11个;经MALDI-TOF-MS质谱分析鉴定出高可信度的蛋白5种,表达上调的为T淋巴瘤侵袭转移诱导因子1(Tiam1)、组织蛋白酶K(Cat K)、血管内皮生长因子B(VEGF-B)、肌动蛋白相关蛋白复合物3(ARPC3),表达下调的为抑癌蛋白Necdin(覆盖率分别为Tiam1蛋白29%,Cat K蛋白12%,VEGF-B蛋白34%,ARPC3蛋白26%,Necdin蛋白18%)。结论乳腺浸润性导管癌发生腋淋巴结转移后其蛋白质表达谱也发生了变化,所鉴定出的差异蛋白有可能成为判断其是否发生腋淋巴结转移的血清蛋白标志物。

全国产化单纤高功率光纤激光器的研究

报道了采用国产双包层掺镱光纤搭建的高功率光纤激光器。此光纤激光器采用中国电子科技集团公司第四十六研究所最新研制的20/400双包层掺镱光纤,激光器采用谐振腔振荡方式输出,激光器中心波长为1080 nm,最高输出激光功率为758 W,输出光斑直径6~8 mm,接近准单模输出,光束β因子为1.3。电光转换效率36.7%,光-光转换效率71%,经过32 h的满功率激光输出,平均输出功率波动范围小于2%。

正六棱型MoO_(3-x)微米柱光催化剂的制备及性能

首先采用低温水相合成法制备了正六棱型MoO_(3)微米柱,然后以抗坏血酸为还原剂一步还原法制备了一种表面氧空位可控的MoO_(3-x)光催化材料。MoO_(3-x)具有较窄的禁带宽度和较大的光吸收范围。以罗丹明B为模拟污染物的光催化降解实验表明,随着氧空位的增加,MoO_(3-x)的催化活性明显增加。对于Mo^(5+)摩尔分数为20.1%的MoO2.799样品,降解90%的初始质量浓度为10 mg/L的罗丹明溶液只需要60 min。本研究为高性能半导体光催化材料的制备提供了一种新思路。

基于状态空间模型的飞行器装配误差敏感度研究

飞行器具有零部件多、结构复杂和装配精度要求高等特点,其装配有安全性装配、少可逆性装配等要求。根据飞行器相关的关键产品特性(Key product characteristic,KPC)和关键控制特性(Key control characteristic,KCC)参数,提出一种基于状态空间模型的装配误差敏感度量化分析方法,将飞行器多舱段精密装配过程中的误差敏感度分为3级指标,并进行阐述和定义。通过联立飞行器状态空间模型和输出方程,得到输入向量和输入矩阵的关系,进而求出状态转换矩阵,得到不同级别误差敏感度的理论表达式。将随机产生服从正态分布的装配特征误差代入系统矩阵,运用蒙特卡洛(Monte Carlo)仿真对不同装配特征的敏感度指标进行计算,并对比分析理论计算和蒙特卡洛仿真求得的特征级敏感度指标值。研究表明,将动态系统灵敏度分析方法应用到多工位装配过程可行,所提出的基于状态空间模型的飞行器装配误差敏感度分析方法合理,对飞行器舱段精密装配过程的精度评估具有参考意义。

Role of endoscopic ultrasound during hospitalization for acute pancreatitis

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)is often used to detect the cause of acute pancreatitis(AP)after the acute attack has subsided.The limited data on its role during hospitalization for AP are reviewed here.The ability of EUS to visualize the pancreas and bile duct,the sonographic appearance of the pancreas,correlation of such appearance to clinical outcomes and the impact on AP management are analyzed from studies.The most important indication for EUS appears to be for detection of suspected common bile duct and/or gall bladder stones and microlithiasis.Such an approach might avoid diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography with its known complications.The use of EUS during hospitalization for AP still appears to be infrequent but may become more frequent in future.

日本铁路客票预订和发售综合系统(MARS)

介绍了日本铁路客票预订和发售综合系统(MARS)的发展简史、现状,并作了展望。