低GI海带香菇面条加工工艺优化及体外消化特性研究

随着我国高血糖患者数量逐年升高,低血糖生成指数(Glycemic Index, GI)食品逐渐成为市面上热点产品。为开发适合更多人群食用的主食,以GI值较低的原料如杂粮、食用菌、藻类和豆类等代替部分小麦粉,通过单因素和响应面优化面条生产加工工艺,并分析面条的体外消化特性。结果表明:用混合粉(海带、香菇、苦荞、燕麦、青稞、白芸豆等)代替70%小麦粉,最佳工艺为:加水量50%,和面时间12 min,醒面时间20 min,在该工艺参数下面条熟断条率最低为13.5%。且此工艺下面条的蒸煮损失率为6.27%,GI值为36.7,有良好的控糖效果,具有一定的应用价值。

7种杀菌剂对菌草食用菌4种病原真菌的室内毒力测定

为筛选有效防止菌草食用菌病原真菌的药剂,本研究选用7种杀菌剂对菌草食用菌4种病原真菌进行室内毒力测定。采用菌落直径法对4种病原真菌进行室内毒力测定,并计算毒力回归方程。7种供试杀菌剂对菌草食用菌4种病原真菌的作用效果中,百菌清对哈茨木霉的抑制作用最好,EC_(50)值最小为0.291 4mg/L;多菌灵对蜡孔菌和侧耳木霉的抑制作用最好,EC_(50)值最小分别为0.257 mg/L和1.030 4 mg/L;精甲霜·锰锌对赭曲霉的抑制作用最好,EC_(50)值最小为9.233 4 mg/L。百菌清、咪鲜胺、多菌灵和精甲霜·锰锌对4种病原真菌均具有较好的抑制作用,建议生产上将这4种药剂轮换使用,以有效控制菌草食用菌病害。

牛樟芝菌丝体全长cDNA文库构建及EST序列分析

目的为了更好地挖掘牛樟芝Antrodiacinnamomea菌丝体三萜合成和代谢相关基因、筛选互作蛋白和牛樟芝指纹图谱分析,构建了牛樟芝菌丝体cDNA文库并分析其表达序列标签(EST)序列。方法以牛樟芝菌丝体为材料,采用Gateway法构建其cDNA文库,对部分EST序列进行生物信息学分析、功能注释和EST-SSR分析。结果成功构建了牛樟芝菌丝体cDNA文库,经鉴定文库重组率高达95%,文库滴度为6.1×106 cfu/mL,总克隆数为1.2×107 cfu,插入片段大小为300~2000 bp,平均长度达1000 bp。随机挑选单克隆进行测序获得65个有效EST序列,其中1个重叠群,64个单一序列,比对结果显示有45条序列有明确功能注释,18条为未知功能基因,GO功能注释结果表明序列涉及细胞组成、转运、催化活性、调控等功能。所有EST序列共含有271个SSR,牛樟芝核苷酸重复类型丰富,其中二核苷酸和三核苷酸重复基元占总重复基元的94.23%。结论初步明确牛樟芝菌丝体cDNA文库及其EST序列相关生物信息,为牛樟芝菌丝体基因组学研究奠定理论基础。

Rhizosphere microbiomes can regulate plant drought tolerance

Beneficial root-associated rhizospheric microbes play a key role in maintaining host plant growth and can potentially allow drought-resilient crop production. The complex interaction of root-associated microbes mainly depends on soil type, plant genotype, and soil moisture. However, drought is the most devastating environmental stress that strongly reduces soil biota and can restrict plant growth and yield. In this review, we discussed our mechanistic understanding of drought and microbial response traits. Additionally, we highlighted the role of beneficial microbes and plant-derived metabolites in alleviating drought stress and improving crop growth. We proposed that future research might focus on evaluating the dynamics of root-beneficial microbes under field drought conditions. The integrative use of ecology, microbial, and molecular approaches may serve as a promising strategy to produce more drought-resilient and sustainable crops.