Characterization, crystal structure and luminescence properties of a new europium(III) complex with macrocyclic ligand derived from 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol and diethylenetriamine

The title compound （13,27-dimethyl-3,6,9,17,20,23-hexaazatricyclo-[23.3.1.1^11,15]-triaconta-1 （29）,2,9,11,13,15（30）, 16,23,25,27- decaene-29,30-diol-N^3, N^6, N^9, O^29, O^30）-bis （nitrato-O,O＇）-europium （Ⅲ） nitrate hydrate （[EuL（NO3）2]（NO3）·H2O, L denotes the macrocyclic ligand） was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, and electrospray mass spectra. Its crystal and molecular structure was determined by X-ray diffraction. The crystal crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a=2.3757 （4） nm, b=1.4302（3） nm, c=1.9584（3） nm, β=91.654（5）°, M=818.60, V=6.651（2） nm^3, Z=8, D=1.635 g/cm, F（000）=3312, R=0.0542, wR=0.1045. The central ion Eu^3＋ was nine-coordinated in the coordinaton geometry of a distorted tricapped trigonal prism. The macrocycle was coordinated through two oxygen and three nitrogen atoms. Two nitrate are chelate in the opposite positions of the macrocycle, the third nitrate being ionic. At room temperature, excitation of the title complex gave rise to the characteristic emissions of the Eu^3＋ ion.

GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT CLUSTER ACCELERATED MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF PHOTON TRANSPORT IN MULTI-LAYERED TISSUES

We present a graphics processing unit(GPU)cluster-based Monte Carlo simulation of photon transport in multi-layered tissues.The cluster is composed of multiple computing nodes in a local area network where each node is a personal computer equipped with one or several GPU(s)for parallel computing.In this study,the MPI(Message Passing Interface),the OpenMP(Open Multi-Processing)and the CUDA(Compute Unified Device Architecture)technologies are employed to develop the program.It is demonstrated that this designing runs roughly N times faster than that using single GPU when the GPUs within the cluster are of the same type,where N is the total number of the GPUs within the cluster.

A Semantic Web model of GO and its annotations

There are some drawbacks in Resource Description Framework(RDF) data file provided by GO consortium,which are not fit for providing complex semantic query and inference services.In this paper,we propose a semantic web model GORouter,which encodes heterogeneous original data in a uniform RDF format,creates additional ontology mappings between GO terms,and introduces a set of inference rulebases.Furthermore,we use the Oracle Network Data Model(NDM) as the native RDF data repository and the table function RDF_MATCH to seamlessly combine the result of RDF queries with traditional relational data.GORouter is licensed under Apache License Version 2.0,and is accessible via the website:http://www.scbit.org/gorouter/.

Comparison of caspase-3 activation in tumor cells upon treatment of chemotherapeutic drugs using capillary electrophoresis

Caspases play important roles in cell apoptosis.Meas-urement of the dynamics of caspase activation in tumor cells not only facilitates understanding of the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis but also contributes to the development,screening,and evaluation of anticancer drugs that target apoptotic pathways.The fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)technique provides a valuable approach for defining the dynamics of apop-tosis with high spatio-temporal resolution.However,FRET generally functions in the single-cell level and becomes ineffective when applied in the high throughput detection of caspase activation.In the cur-rent study,a FRET sensor was combined with capillary electrophoresis(CE)to achieve a high throughput method for cellular caspase detection.The FRET-based CE system is composed of a homemade CE system and a laser source for detecting the dynamics of caspase-3 in various cells expressing sensors of caspase-3 that have been treated with anticancer drugs,such as cell cycle-independent drug cisplatin and specific cell cycle drugs camptothecin and etoposide,as well as their combination with tumor necrosis factor(TNF).A posi-tive correlation between the caspase-3 activation ve-locity and drug concentration was observed when the cells were treated with cisplatin,but cells induced by camptothecin and etoposide did not show any apparent correlation with their concentrations.Moreover,differ-ent types of cells presented distinct sensitivities under the same drug treatment,and the combination treat-ment of TNF and anticancer drugs significantly accel-erated the caspase-3 activation process.Its high throughput capability and detection sensitivity make the FRET-based CE system a useful tool for investi-gating the mechanisms of anticancer drugs and anti-cancer drug screening.

HIGH RESOLUTION,REAL-TIME LINE-FIELD FOURIER-DOMAIN INTERFEROMETRY

To increase the application potential in manufacturing process,such as monitoring the processing performance,the profile measurement should be provided in real-time display and with high resolution simultaneously.We propose a line-field Fourier-domain interferometric method(LFI),which combines the line-field microscope with spectral interferometer,for the surface cross-sectional profile measurement with no scan needed.The white light and objectives are employed to offer high axial and lateral resolution,respectively.In our system setup,the measurement could be implemented in real-time display of 10 frame/s,and the resolutions of the LFI system in X;Y,and Z directions are~8μm,~3.2μm,and~1.4μm,respectively.As a demonstration,the cross-sectional profiles of a microfluidic chip are tested.The graphics processing unit is also used to accelerate the reconstruction algorithm to achieve the real-time display of the cross-sectional profiles.

Determining particle size distribution and refractive index in a two-layer tissue phantom by linearly polarized light

We report a new method for measuring particle size distribution （PSD） and refractive index of the top layer ill a two-layer tissue phantom simulated epithelium tissue by varying the azimuth angle of incident linearly polarized light. The polarization gating technique is used to decouple the single and multiple scattering components in the returned signal. The theoretical model based on Mie theory is presented and a nonlinear inversion method -floating genetic algorithm - is applied to inverting the azimuth dependence of component of polarization light baekscattered. The experiment results demonstrate that the size distribution and refractive index of the scatters of the top layer can be determined by measuring and analyzing the differential signal of the parallel and perpendicular components from a two-layer tissue phantom. The method implies to detect precancerous changes in human epithelial tissue.

Co-registration method for photoacoustic imaging and laser speckle imaging

Combining photoacoustic（PA） imaging with laser speckle（LS） imaging（LSI） can simultaneously determine total hemoglobin concentration（HbT）,hemoglobin oxygen saturation（SO2）,and blood flow rates.Thus,the co-registration of PA and LS images is important in physiological studies and pathological diagnosis.This letter presents a co-registration algorithm combining mutual information with the maximum betweenclass variance segmentation method（Otsu method）.The mutual information and Otsu method are used to provide the registration measure criterion and image feature recognition,respectively.The evaluation results show that the registration function possesses a single maximum peak and high smoothness across the global co-registration district,indicating a robust behavior.Moreover,this method has good registration accuracy,and the fusion result simultaneously visualizes the separate functional information of two kinds of images.

Two-photon absorption in V-type chromophores with electron-rich heterocyclevinylene bridges

A series of V-type chromophores with electron-rich heterocyclevinylene bridges have been synthesized via Wittig-Horner-Emmons and Vilsmeier reactions.All the target chromophores showed strong one-photon and two-photon excited emission,and their electron properties could be tuned by using different heterocycles such as furan,thiophene and pyrrole moieties in I-III.The maximum two-photon absorption (TPA) cross sections occurred at 760 nm and were measured to be in the range of 400-800 GM.