Improvement of Poplar Bark Extract on Physiological Characters of Lactococcus lactis in Intestine of White Feather Broilers

[Objective]The paper was to study the improvement of poplar bark extract on intestinal Lactococcus lactis of white feather broilers.[Method]Totally 450 Ross 308 white-feather broilers were randomly divided into five groups:control group,low dose group,medium dose group,high dose group,and antibiotic group(oxytetracycline hydrochloride).The feeding duration was 45 d.The probiotics were screened and isolated through homology,and the physiological and biochemical characteristics of chicken intestinal bacteria in different groups were compared to determine the properties of bacterial strain.The drug resistance,antibacterial ability,proliferation ability,acid resistance and bile salt resistance of isolated strain were tested,and a strain of L.lactis was obtained.[Result]The isolated L.lactis was sensitive to other drugs except natural tetracyclines,and there was no significant difference among the four groups except oxytetracycline group;as the concentration of extract increased,the inhibition of L.lactis against Salmonella sp.increased;the medium dose extract had the largest increase in the ability to tolerate the proliferation of L.lactis.[Conclusion]Feeding poplar bark extract will produce positive effects on the physiological characters of intestinal L.lactis in broiler chicken,which will provide potential probiotic strain for chicken production.

Review of the direct thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for liquid fuels

Increased demand for liquid transportation fuels, environmental concerns and depletion of petroleum resources requires the development of efficient conversion technologies for production of second-generation biofuels from non-food resources. Thermochemical approaches hold great potential for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into liquid fuels. Direct thermochemical processes convert biomass into liquid fuels in one step using heat and catalysts and have many advantages over indirect and biological processes, such as greater feedstock flexibility, integrated conversion of whole biomass, and lower operation costs. Several direct thermochemical processes are employed in the production of liquid biofuels depending on the nature of the feedstock properties: such as fast pyrolysis/liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass for bio-oil, including upgrading methods, such as catalytic cracking and hydrogenation. Owing to the substantial amount of liquid fuels consumed by vehicular transport, converting biomass into drop-in liquid fuels may reduce the dependence of the fuel market on petroleumbased fuel products. In this review, we also summarize recent progress in technologies for large-scale equipment for direct thermochemical conversion. We focus on the technical aspects critical to commercialization of the technologies for production of liquid fuels from biomass,including feedstock type, cracking catalysts, catalytic cracking mechanisms, catalytic reactors, and biofuel properties. We also discuss future prospects for direct thermochemical conversion in biorefineries for the production of high grade biofuels.

Synthesis and Antioxidant Activities of Novel 4,4＇-Arylmethylene-bis（1H-pyrazole-5-ol）s from Lignin

A series of novel bispyrazoles joined by arylmethylene at C-4 position were synthesized with aromatic aldehydes obtained from lignin and screened for their in vitro antioxidant activities by N,N-diphenyl-N＇picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） and 2,2＇-azino-bis（3-ethylenzothiazoline-sulphonic acid） diammonium salt （ABTS＋） radical scavenging assays. All of these compounds exhibited good DPPH and ABST＋ radical scavenging activities as compared to the standard, Trolox, which suggested their potential as promising agents for cturing tumors or other free radical-related diseases.