Box C/D RNAs guide the site-specific formation of 2′-O-methylated nucleotides(Nm)of RNAs in eukaryotes and archaea.Although C/D RNAs have been profiled in several archaea,their targets have not been experimentally de...Box C/D RNAs guide the site-specific formation of 2′-O-methylated nucleotides(Nm)of RNAs in eukaryotes and archaea.Although C/D RNAs have been profiled in several archaea,their targets have not been experimentally determined.Here,we mapped Nm in r RNAs,t RNAs,and abundant small RNAs(s RNAs)and profiled C/D RNAs in the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus islandicus.The targets of C/D RNAs were assigned by analysis of base-pairing interactions,in vitro modification assays,and gene deletion experiments,revealing a complicated landscape of C/D RNA-target interactions.C/D RNAs widely use dual antisense elements to target adjacent sites in r RNAs,enhancing modification at weakly bound sites.Two consecutive sites can be guided with the same antisense element upstream of box D or D′,a phenomenon known as doublespecificity that is exclusive to internal box D′in eukaryotic C/D RNAs.Several C/D RNAs guide modification at a single non-canonical site.This study reveals the global landscape of RNA-guided 2′-O-methylation in an archaeon and unexpected targeting rules employed by C/D RNA.展开更多
Marginal zone(MZ)B cells,which are composed of heterogeneous subpopulations,are participate in the rapid response to antigens.Lee et al.showed that MZ B cells can be divided into two distinct subpopulations based on C...Marginal zone(MZ)B cells,which are composed of heterogeneous subpopulations,are participate in the rapid response to antigens.Lee et al.showed that MZ B cells can be divided into two distinct subpopulations based on CD80 expression.These two subpopulations of MZ B cells exhibit differential autoreactivity,radiosensitivity,and functional capacities.展开更多
The gut microbiota,the community of gut microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract,plays a crucial role in modulating host immunity,metabolism,and neurological health,thereby influencing the entire organis...The gut microbiota,the community of gut microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract,plays a crucial role in modulating host immunity,metabolism,and neurological health,thereby influencing the entire organism.Aging is associated with changes in gut microbiota composition and functionality,often resulting in dysbiosis,an imbalance of gut microbiota and an aging hallmark.Recent studies have suggested that fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),the transfer of fecal material containing beneficial microbes from a healthy donor to a recipient with a disturbed microbiota,may restore the balance of host gut microbiota and ameliorate some aging-associated impairments in diverse organs.In particular,FMT from young donors has shown more beneficial effects than FMT from aged donors.In this paper,we review recent advances in FMT for its effects on aging and discuss the potential mechanisms and challenges of this novel intervention,highlighting its potential to improve health outcomes in the aging population.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0570000,XDB37010201)the Basic Research Program Based on Major Scientific Infrastructures of Chinese Academy of Sciences(JZHKYPT-2021-05)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91940302,91540201,31430024,31325007)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0504600)。
文摘Box C/D RNAs guide the site-specific formation of 2′-O-methylated nucleotides(Nm)of RNAs in eukaryotes and archaea.Although C/D RNAs have been profiled in several archaea,their targets have not been experimentally determined.Here,we mapped Nm in r RNAs,t RNAs,and abundant small RNAs(s RNAs)and profiled C/D RNAs in the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus islandicus.The targets of C/D RNAs were assigned by analysis of base-pairing interactions,in vitro modification assays,and gene deletion experiments,revealing a complicated landscape of C/D RNA-target interactions.C/D RNAs widely use dual antisense elements to target adjacent sites in r RNAs,enhancing modification at weakly bound sites.Two consecutive sites can be guided with the same antisense element upstream of box D or D′,a phenomenon known as doublespecificity that is exclusive to internal box D′in eukaryotic C/D RNAs.Several C/D RNAs guide modification at a single non-canonical site.This study reveals the global landscape of RNA-guided 2′-O-methylation in an archaeon and unexpected targeting rules employed by C/D RNA.
文摘Marginal zone(MZ)B cells,which are composed of heterogeneous subpopulations,are participate in the rapid response to antigens.Lee et al.showed that MZ B cells can be divided into two distinct subpopulations based on CD80 expression.These two subpopulations of MZ B cells exhibit differential autoreactivity,radiosensitivity,and functional capacities.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1300800 and 2021YFC2700903)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271300,91940302,31900436,and 81870896)+1 种基金the Committee of Science and Technology in Shanghai(22ZR1481300 and 22JC1400503)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-075).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0804000,2020YFA0112200,2019YFA0802202,2020YFA0803401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81921006,92149301,92168201,31970597,32121001)+3 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA16010000)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-076)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Z190019)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE(2021-1045).
文摘The gut microbiota,the community of gut microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract,plays a crucial role in modulating host immunity,metabolism,and neurological health,thereby influencing the entire organism.Aging is associated with changes in gut microbiota composition and functionality,often resulting in dysbiosis,an imbalance of gut microbiota and an aging hallmark.Recent studies have suggested that fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),the transfer of fecal material containing beneficial microbes from a healthy donor to a recipient with a disturbed microbiota,may restore the balance of host gut microbiota and ameliorate some aging-associated impairments in diverse organs.In particular,FMT from young donors has shown more beneficial effects than FMT from aged donors.In this paper,we review recent advances in FMT for its effects on aging and discuss the potential mechanisms and challenges of this novel intervention,highlighting its potential to improve health outcomes in the aging population.
