生生之介——深圳宝安欢乐港湾设计

在“碳达峰碳中和”的政策背景下,“和谐共生”“以人为本”等理念激发了对于绿色生态建设的需求,建筑的可持续性愈发重要[1]。深圳欢乐港湾项目探索大型商业空间建筑在双碳背景下的可持续设计策略,依托海港的独特地形优势,通过可持续性的城市塑造、生活融入和技术实践,将商业空间打造为具有绿色生态和艺术体验相融合的城市公园系统,并结合被动式设计与海绵城市等绿色技术的应用,为城市居民营造高品质的可持续生活方式。

一位2013阿卡汗建筑奖技术评论人的感想

我受到邀请，为位于印度焦特布尔的“纳高尔修缮”的候选项目做评论人。因为必须公开接受在建筑保护领域的全球同行们的审视，能被选择担当这一任务本身就是对我的资质和评估能力的证明。而阿卡汗奖的公信力正是建立在整个评估和决选过程的组织工作非常完善，并由备受尊崇的专家们组成的常务委员会和专家组来负责运行的基础上的。

Analysis of a New Composite Material for Watercraft Manufacturing

In this paper, we investigate the properties of an alternative material for use in marine engineering, namely a rigid and light sandwich-structured composite made of expanded polystyrene and fiberglass. Not only does this material have an improved section modulus, but it is also inexpensive, light, easy to manipulate, and commercially available in various sizes. Using a computer program based on the finite element method, we calculated the hogging and sagging stresses and strains acting on a prismatic boat model composed of this material, and determined the minimum sizes and maximum permissible stresses to avoid deformation. Finally, we calculated the structural weight of the resulting vessel for comparison with another structure of comparable dimensions constructed from the commonly used core material Divinycell.

橡胶熏制屋整修,鲁纳斯,吉打,马来西亚

橡胶熏制屋靠近槟城的吉打区,位于鲁纳斯的小镇上,是马来西亚工业遗产的代表,而橡胶工业在20世纪对马来西亚经济是至关重要的。

Specific bone region localization of osteolytic versus osteoblastic lesions in a patient-derived xenograft model of bone metastatic prostate cancer

Objective:Bone metastasis occurs in up to 90%of men with advanced prostate cancer and leads to fractures,severe pain and therapy-resistance.Bone metastases induce a spectrum of types of bone lesions which can respond differently to therapy even within individual prostate cancer patients.Thus,the special environment of the bone makes the disease more complicated and incurable.A model in which bone lesions are reproducibly induced that mirrors the complexity seen in patients would be invaluable for pre-clinical testing of novel treatments.The microstructural changes in the femurs of mice implanted with PCSD1,a new patient-derived xenograft from a surgical prostate cancer bone metastasis specimen,were determined.Methods:Quantitative micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)and histological analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of direct injection of PCSD1 cells or media alone(Control)into the right femurs of Rag2
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gc
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male mice.Results:Bone lesions formed only in femurs of mice injected with PCSD1 cells.Bone volume(BV)was significantly decreased at the proximal and distal ends of the femurs(p<0.01)whereas BV(p<0.05)and bone shaft diameter(p<0.01)were significantly increased along the femur shaft.Conclusion:PCSD1 cells reproducibly induced bone loss leading to osteolytic lesions at the ends of the femur,and,in contrast,induced aberrant bone formation leading to osteoblastic lesions along the femur shaft.Therefore,the interaction of PCSD1 cells with different bone region-specific microenvironments specified the type of bone lesion.Our approach can be used to determine if different bone regions support more therapy resistant tumor growth,thus,requiring novel treatments.

等温淬火对H13钢组织、硬度和拉伸性能的影响

对H13钢进行不同工艺的等温淬火和回火处理,探讨了等温淬火工艺对H13钢组织、硬度和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,随着等温温度的降低,显微组织中马氏体板条被逐渐增多的下贝氏体分割、细化;试样的硬度随着下贝氏体的增多而降低;抗拉强度与伸长率具有相同的变化趋势,即随下贝氏体的增加先提高后降低,在340℃等温75 min再进行560℃×2 h和540℃×2 h两次回火后均达到最大值,并相对于普通淬火分别提高了23.5%和36.2%,说明马氏体/下贝氏体(M/BL)复相组织中下贝氏体对H13钢拉伸性能的影响存在一个临界体积分数值。

商业空间的“公园化”转型——深圳宝安欢乐港湾项目设计思考

深圳经济特区建立40年来,其城市规划越发关注可持续发展、城市公共空间、社会公平和居民福祉等方面。宝安区地理位置优越,作为深圳改革开放的新地标,也迎来了全面发展的良机,其临海湾区一带更是成为开发热土。正是在这一背景下,华侨城集团于数年前计划在宝安中心区域打造一座代表深圳未来创新城市生活方式、体现华侨城新一代文旅开发理念的多功能综合项目。

Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)based ultrathin solar cells the pathway from lab rigid to large scale flexible technology

The incorporation of interface passivation structures in ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)based solar cells is shown.The fabrication used an industry scalable lithography technique—nanoimprint lithography(NIL)—for a 15×15 cm^(2)dielectric layer patterning.Devices with a NIL nanopatterned dielectric layer are benchmarked against electron-beam lithography(EBL)patterning,using rigid substrates.The NIL patterned device shows similar performance to the EBL patterned device.The impact of the lithographic processes in the rigid solar cells’performance were evaluated via X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and through a Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator.The device on stainless-steel showed a slightly lower performance than the rigid approach,due to additional challenges of processing steel substrates,even though scanning transmission electron microscopy did not show clear evidence of impurity diffusion.Notwithstanding,time-resolved photoluminescence results strongly suggested elemental diffusion from the flexible substrate.Nevertheless,bending tests on the stainless-steel device demonstrated the mechanical stability of the CIGS-based device.

A New Vector Data Compression Approach for WebGIS

High compression ratio,high decoding performance,and progressive data transmission are the most important require-ments of vector data compression algorithms for WebGIS.To meet these requirements,we present a new compression approach.This paper begins with the generation of multiscale data by converting float coordinates to integer coordinates.It is proved that the distance between the converted point and the original point on screen is within 2 pixels,and therefore,our approach is suitable for the visualization of vector data on the client side.Integer coordinates are passed to an Integer Wavelet Transformer,and the high-frequency coefficients produced by the transformer are encoded by Canonical Huffman codes.The experimental results on river data and road data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach:compression ratio can reach 10% for river data and 20% for road data,respectively.We conclude that more attention needs be paid to correlation between curves that contain a few points.

Inkjet printing technology for increasing the I/O density of 3D TSV interposers

Interposers with through-silicon vias(TSVs)play a key role in the three-dimensional integration and packaging of integrated circuits and microelectromechanical systems.In the current practice of fabricating interposers,solder balls are placed next to the vias;however,this approach requires a large foot print for the input/output(I/O)connections.Therefore,in this study,we investigate the possibility of placing the solder balls directly on top of the vias,thereby enabling a smaller pitch between the solder balls and an increased density of the I/O connections.To reach this goal,inkjet printing(that is,piezo and super inkjet)was used to successfully fill and planarize hollow metal TSVs with a dielectric polymer.The under bump metallization(UBM)pads were also successfully printed with inkjet technology on top of the polymer-filled vias,using either Ag or Au inks.The reliability of the TSV interposers was investigated by a temperature cycling stress test(−40℃ to+125℃).The stress test showed no impact on DC resistance of the TSVs;however,shrinkage and delamination of the polymer was observed,along with some micro-cracks in the UBM pads.For proof of concept,SnAgCu-based solder balls were jetted on the UBM pads.

Manufacture and characterization of graphene membranes with suspended silicon proof masses for MEMS and NEMS applications

Graphene’s unparalleled strength,chemical stability,ultimate surface-to-volume ratio and excellent electronic properties make it an ideal candidate as a material for membranes in micro-and nanoelectromechanical systems(MEMS and NEMS).However,the integration of graphene into MEMS or NEMS devices and suspended structures such as proof masses on graphene membranes raises several technological challenges,including collapse and rupture of the graphene.We have developed a robust route for realizing membranes made of double-layer CVD graphene and suspending large silicon proof masses on membranes with high yields.We have demonstrated the manufacture of square graphene membranes with side lengths from 7µm to 110µm,and suspended proof masses consisting of solid silicon cubes that are from 5µm×5µm×16.4µm to 100µm×100µm×16.4µm in size.Our approach is compatible with wafer-scale MEMS and semiconductor manufacturing technologies,and the manufacturing yields of the graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were>90%,with>70%of the graphene membranes having>90%graphene area without visible defects.The measured resonance frequencies of the realized structures ranged from tens to hundreds of kHz,with quality factors ranging from 63 to 148.The graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were extremely robust,and were able to withstand indentation forces from an atomic force microscope(AFM)tip of up to~7000nN.The proposed approach for the reliable and large-scale manufacture of graphene membranes with suspended proof masses will enable the development and study of innovative NEMS devices with new functionalities and improved performances.

The endophytic mycobiota of Arabidopsis thaliana

Fungal endophytes are receiving increasing attention as resources to improve crop production and ecosystem management.However,the biology and ecological significance of these symbionts remains poorly understood,due to a lack of model systems for more efficient research.In this work,we have analyzed the culturable endophytic mycobiota associated,in the wild,with leaves and siliques of the model plant A.thaliana.We have studied the effect of biotic and abiotic factors in the frequency of fungal endophytes in plant specimens,and in the species composition of the endophytic community.Our results indicate that the frequency of Arabidopsis plants hosting endophytes depends on the time of the year and the phenological stage of the plant,and that the probability of endophyte colonization increases as the life cycle of the plant progresses.The diversity of the endophytic assemblages of natural A.thaliana populations was high,and precipitation and temperature were the two main factors determining the diversity and species composition of the communities.We propose A.thaliana and its endophytes as a model system for an integral approach to the principles governing the endophytic lifestyle,taking advantage of the molecular tools and the abundant knowledge accessible from the host plant.

相互信任是取得成功的关键--一个欧洲航空人在中国的经历

在中国近20年的活动中,我亲历其境地体验了各种不同节奏的工作和生活,获益良多,既感受到了东西方文化的差异,也更多地发现了两种文化的共通之处。在中国近20年的活动中,我亲历其境地体验了各种不同节奏的工作和生活,获益良多,既感受到了东西方文化的差异,也更多地发现了两种文化的共通之处。2010年年中,利勃海尔宇航林登博格公司(Liebherr-Aerospace Lindenberg Gmb H, LLI)和中航飞机起落架有限责任公司(LAMC)获得了中国商飞(COMAC)的C919单通道飞机的合同。